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The '''Warsaw Pact''' (''Officially the'' '''Treaty of Friendship, Co-operation and Mutual Assistance''', ''Russian'' '''Договор о дружбе, сотрудничестве и взаимной помощи''') was a political and military organization made up of the [[communism|communist]] states of [[Eastern Europe]]. The Warsaw Pact was officially formed on May 14, 1955, in response to the integration of [[West Germany]] in to [[NATO]]. The Warsaw Pact effectively lasted until November 9, 1989, when the [[Berlin Wall]] fell<ref>[http://www.fordham.edu/halsall/mod/1955warsawpact.html The Warsaw Pact], ''Fordham University''</ref> and officially ceased to exist on July 1st, 1991.<ref>Conservapedia Main Page</ref>
The '''Warsaw Pact''' (''Officially the'' '''Treaty of Friendship, Co-operation and Mutual Assistance''', ''Russian'' '''Договор о дружбе, сотрудничестве и взаимной помощи''') was a political and military organization made up of the [[communism|communist]] states of [[Eastern Europe]]. The Warsaw Pact was officially formed on May 14, 1955, in response to the integration of [[West Germany]] in to [[NATO]]. The Warsaw Pact effectively lasted until November 9, 1989, when the [[Berlin Wall]] fell<ref>[http://www.fordham.edu/halsall/mod/1955warsawpact.html The Warsaw Pact], ''Fordham University''</ref> and officially ceased to exist on July 1st, 1991.<ref>Conservapedia Main Page</ref>
==Background and founding==
==Background==
Immediately after the [[World War II]], Soviet General Secretary of the Communist Party [[Josef Stalin]], sent [[Konstantin Rokossovsky]] to Warsaw and gave him the title of Marshal of Poland to add to his existing rank as Marshal of the Soviet Union. In Warsaw Rokossovsky held the posts of Minister of Defence, Deputy President of the Council of Ministers and Member of the Politburo of the Polish Communist Party. Thus a Marshal of the Soviet Union served as deputy to the head of the Polish government. Rokossovsky, nor any other General in the Polish army, spoke Polish, relying constantly on interpreters. The relationship between Generalissimo of the Soviet Union, J. V. Stalin and Rokossovsky was based upon the fact that Stalin gave the orders, and that Rokossovsky carried them out.
Immediately after the [[World War II]], Soviet General Secretary of the Communist Party [[Josef Stalin]], sent [[Konstantin Rokossovsky]] to Warsaw and gave him the title of Marshal of Poland to add to his existing rank as Marshal of the Soviet Union. In Warsaw Rokossovsky held the posts of Minister of Defence, Deputy President of the Council of Ministers and Member of the Politburo of the Polish Communist Party. Thus a Marshal of the Soviet Union served as deputy to the head of the Polish government. Rokossovsky, nor any other General in the Polish army, spoke Polish, relying constantly on interpreters. The relationship between Generalissimo of the Soviet Union, J. V. Stalin and Rokossovsky was based upon the fact that Stalin gave the orders, and that Rokossovsky carried them out.
In [[Czechoslovakia]] there was Ludwig Svoboda, who neutralised the Czech army in 1948 and again in 1968. He carried out the orders of the USSR promptly so it was not necessary to keep a Soviet Marshal in [[Prague]] holding a ministerial post in the Czech government. During the World War II all of the East European countries had been enemies of the Soviet Union and it was therefore possible to execute any political figure, general, officer or private soldier, at any given time and replace them with someone more cooperative with the socialist system.
In [[Czechoslovakia]] there was Ludwig Svoboda, who neutralised the Czech army in 1948 and again in 1968. He carried out the orders of the USSR promptly so it was not necessary to keep a Soviet Marshal in [[Prague]] holding a ministerial post in the Czech government. During the World War II all of the East European countries had been enemies of the Soviet Union and it was therefore possible to execute any political figure, general, officer or private soldier, at any given time and replace them with someone more cooperative with the socialist system.
==Founding==
After the death of Stalin, the Soviet government, headed by Marshal of the Soviet Union Nikolai Bulganin, decided to conclude an official military agreement with the countries it was occupying. The signatory for the Soviet Union was Marshal of the Soviet Union [[Georgi Zhukov]], and for the Polish [[socialist]] regime Marshal of the Soviet Union Rokossovsky, assisted by Colonel-General S. G. Poplavsky—Rokossovsky's deputy. Marshal of the Soviet Union Bulganin, who was present at the ceremony, took the opportunity to award Colonel-General Poplavsky the rank of General of the Army. Poplavsky, who signed for Poland, was also a Soviet general and the subordinate of Marshals Bulganin, Zhukov and Rokossovsky. Within two years Poplavskiy had returned to the [[USSR]] and become deputy to the Inspector General of the Soviet Army. Rokossovsky, Poplavsky, Fyodor Petrovich Polynin and the others were compelled by Soviet legislation to carry out the orders which reached them from [[Moscow]]. The Warsaw Treaty did not fundementally change Poland's dependence upon the USSR.
After the death of Stalin, the Soviet government, headed by Marshal of the Soviet Union Nikolai Bulganin, decided to conclude an official military agreement with the countries it was occupying. The signatory for the Soviet Union was Marshal of the Soviet Union [[Georgi Zhukov]], and for the Polish [[socialist]] regime Marshal of the Soviet Union Rokossovsky, assisted by Colonel-General S. G. Poplavsky—Rokossovsky's deputy. Marshal of the Soviet Union Bulganin, who was present at the ceremony, took the opportunity to award Colonel-General Poplavsky the rank of General of the Army. Poplavsky, who signed for Poland, was also a Soviet general and the subordinate of Marshals Bulganin, Zhukov and Rokossovsky. Within two years Poplavskiy had returned to the [[USSR]] and become deputy to the Inspector General of the Soviet Army. Rokossovsky, Poplavsky, Fyodor Petrovich Polynin and the others were compelled by Soviet legislation to carry out the orders which reached them from [[Moscow]]. The Warsaw Treaty did not fundementally change Poland's dependence upon the USSR.
==1955-1968 ==
During the Organisation's first thirteen years the Ministers of Defence of the sovereign states, whether they were pro-Soviet puppets or actual Soviet generals and Marshals, were subordinated to the Commander-in-Chief, who was appointed by the Soviet government and who was himself Deputy Minister of Defence of the USSR. Thus, even in a legal sense, the Ministers of these theoretically sovereign states were directly subordinated to a Soviet Minister's deputy.
After the Prague Spring in 1968, the Consultative Committee was set up. In this committee, Ministers of Defence and Heads of State from the Eastern European occuped countries gathered to talk as equals and allies, but in reality all decisions were still made in the Kremlin.
==References==
==References==