| | Baller (2006) examines family dynamics and mobilization for the Revolution in central Massachusetts. He reports that warfare and the farming culture were sometimes incompatible. Some militiamen found that farming life failed to prepare them for wartime stresses and the rigors of camp life. Rugged individualism and military regimentation did not always mesh. Birth order shaped military recruitment, regarding older and younger sons. Family responsibilities and a suffocating patriarchy sometimes impeded mobilization. Harvesting duties and family emergencies forced some to have to choose between home and the Patriot cause. Family ties sometimes involved tensions between patriots and their loyalist relatives. The Revolution's impact on patriarchy and inheritance patterns was toward more egalitarianism.<ref>William Baller, "Farm Families and the American Revolution." ''Journal of Family History'' (2006) 31(1): 28-44. Issn: 0363-1990 Fulltext: online in [[EBSCO]] </ref> | | Baller (2006) examines family dynamics and mobilization for the Revolution in central Massachusetts. He reports that warfare and the farming culture were sometimes incompatible. Some militiamen found that farming life failed to prepare them for wartime stresses and the rigors of camp life. Rugged individualism and military regimentation did not always mesh. Birth order shaped military recruitment, regarding older and younger sons. Family responsibilities and a suffocating patriarchy sometimes impeded mobilization. Harvesting duties and family emergencies forced some to have to choose between home and the Patriot cause. Family ties sometimes involved tensions between patriots and their loyalist relatives. The Revolution's impact on patriarchy and inheritance patterns was toward more egalitarianism.<ref>William Baller, "Farm Families and the American Revolution." ''Journal of Family History'' (2006) 31(1): 28-44. Issn: 0363-1990 Fulltext: online in [[EBSCO]] </ref> |
| − | McDonnell, (2006) shows the major complicating factor in Virginia's efforts to raise forces for the war, the conflicting interests of several distinct social classes among whites in the colony more strongly militated against a "unified" commitment to military service. The Assembly had to weight and balance the competing demands of elite slaveowning planters, slaveholding and non-slaveholding "middling sorts," yeoman farmers, and indentured servants, among others. Its solution involved deferments, taxes, military service substitute, and conscription legislation. Unresolved class conflict, however, rendered these laws ineffective. Violent protests, conscript evasion, and large-scale desertion left Virginia's contributions to the war effort at embarrassingly low levels. As late as the 1781 Battle of Yorktown, Virginia continued to be mired in class divisiveness as its native son, George Washington, made desperate appeals for troops.<ref>Michael A. McDonnell, "Class War: Class Struggles During the American Revolution in Virginia," ''William and Mary Quarterly'' 2006 63(2): 305-344. Issn: 0043-5597 Fulltext: online at [[History Cooperative]] </ref> | + | McDonnell, (2006) shows the major complicating factor in Virginia's efforts to raise forces for the war, the conflicting interests of several distinct social classes among whites in the colony more strongly militated against a "unified" commitment to military service. The Assembly had to weight and balance the competing demands of elite slaveowning planters, slaveholding and non-slaveholding "middling sorts," yeoman farmers, and indentured servants, among others. Its solution involved deferments, taxes, military service substitute, and conscription legislation. Unresolved [[class conflict]], however, rendered these laws ineffective. Violent protests, conscript evasion, and large-scale desertion left Virginia's contributions to the war effort at embarrassingly low levels. As late as the 1781 Battle of Yorktown, Virginia continued to be mired in class divisiveness as its native son, George Washington, made desperate appeals for troops.<ref>Michael A. McDonnell, "Class War: Class Struggles During the American Revolution in Virginia," ''William and Mary Quarterly'' 2006 63(2): 305-344. Issn: 0043-5597 Fulltext: online at [[History Cooperative]] </ref> |