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'''Bertrand Russell,''' 3rd Earl Russell (1872–1970) was a 20th century [[philosopher]], [[mathematician]] and political activist and was awarded the [[Nobel Prize]] in Literature in 1950 for his writings.

'''Bertrand Russell,''' 3rd Earl Russell (1872–1970) was a 20th century [[philosopher]], [[mathematician]] and political activist and was awarded the [[Nobel Prize]] in Literature in 1950 for his writings.

Russell visited the [[Soviet Union]] and met [[Lenin]] in 1920. In a tract, ''The Practice and Theory of Bolshevism'', he wrote "I believe that [[Communism]] is necessary to the world, and I believe ... [[Bolshevik|Bolshevism]] deserves the gratitude and admiration of all the [[Progressivism|progressive]] part of mankind. But the method by which [[Moscow]] aims at establishing Communism is a pioneer method, rough and dangerous, too heroic to count the cost of the opposition it arouses. I do not believe that by this method a stable or desirable form of Communism can be established. Three issues seem to me possible from the present situation:

Russell visited the [[Soviet Union]] and met [[Lenin]] in 1920. In a tract, ''The Practice and Theory of Bolshevism'', he wrote:

* The ultimate defeat of Bolshevism by the forces of [[capitalism]]

:I believe that [[Communism]] is necessary to the world, and I believe ... [[Bolshevik|Bolshevism]] deserves the gratitude and admiration of all the [[Progressivism|progressive]] part of mankind. But the method by which [[Moscow]] aims at establishing Communism is a pioneer method, rough and dangerous, too heroic to count the cost of the opposition it arouses. I do not believe that by this method a stable or desirable form of Communism can be established. Three issues seem to me possible from the present situation:

* The victory of the Bolshevists accompanied by a complete loss of their ideals and a régime of [[Napoleon]]ic [[imperialism]]

:* The ultimate defeat of Bolshevism by the forces of [[capitalism]]

* A prolonged world-war, in which civilization will go under, and all its manifestations (including Communism) will be forgotten.

:* The victory of the Bolshevists accompanied by a complete loss of their ideals and a régime of [[Napoleon]]ic [[imperialism]]

:* A prolonged world-war, in which civilization will go under, and all its manifestations (including Communism) will be forgotten.

Russell wrote further:

Russell wrote further: