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merged per User_talk:DavidE#Merging_in_your_sleep
'''Dormancy''' is a state of reduced [[metabolism|metabolic activity]] that many [[organism]]s adopt during periods of [[environment]]al stress.<ref>[http://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/169514/dormancy "dormancy." Encyclopædia Britannica Online]</ref> The stress may be expected (e.g., [[winter]] and [[summer]], two common times of dormancy) or unexpected (e.g., [[drought]]). Dormancy during winter and summer is called [[hibernation]] and [[aestivation]], respectively
'''Dormancy''' is a state of reduced [[metabolism|metabolic activity]] that many [[organism]]s adopt during periods of [[environment]]al stress.<ref>[http://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/169514/dormancy "dormancy." Encyclopædia Britannica Online]</ref> The stress may be expected (e.g., [[winter]] and [[summer]], two common times of dormancy) or unexpected (e.g., [[drought]]). Dormancy during winter and summer is called hibernation and aestivation, respectively.
==Hibernation==
As noted above, hibernation is a behavior of certain animals, particularly in cold climates, of entering dormancy as a means of coping with the vicissitudes of winter. While many animals will sleep more than usual during the winter, true hibernation involves dramatically reduced heartrates and body temperatures, generally over a single unbroken period of torpor.
Animals that hibernate include [[bear]]s, the [[dormouse]], the [[hedgehog]], and many types of [[reptile]]s and [[amphibian]]s.
Most [[bird]]s [[Animal migration|migrate]] to avoid harsh seasonal conditions; the common poorwill, a type of [[nightjar]], is the only bird known to hibernate. Historically, [[swallow]]s were believed to hibernate at the bottom of ponds.
==Aestivation==
as noted above, aestivation is a behavior of certain animals, typically in hot climates, involving a period of dormant behaviour to avoid the extremes of summer. It is a rather less common behaviour than hibernation. Animals that aestivate include certain types of [[crocodile]] and [[lungfish]]es.
==References==
==References==
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[[Category:Biology]]
[[Category:Biology]]