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7.  Write an essay of 200 words on any aspect of one or more ancient languages, such as their development or origins (or add 5 terms with descriptions to the study guide).

7.  Write an essay of 200 words on any aspect of one or more ancient languages, such as their development or origins (or add 5 terms with descriptions to the study guide).

Latin was initially the language of a small region (called "Latium"; the modern Italian province is still called "Lazio") around the town of Rome. It was only one of a number of related languages in the South of the Italian peninsula, others being Oscan and Umbrian. Due to the expansion of Rome, Latin soon overpowered the other languages, and finally became the dominant language across the Roman empire, although in the eastern parts Greek was actually more important. Latin reached its peak as a language of culture towards the end of the Republic, in particular in the speeches of Cicero, and the epics of Virgil and Ovid. With the decline and fall of the Roman Empire, Latin ceased to exist as a living language, although it continued to be used as a language in science and philosophy until the 18th century or so, and is still in Christian (especially Catholic) liturgy. The form of Latin spoken by the people (so-called "Vulgar Latin") gave rise to a number of daughter languages which are still widely spoken today. Examples are French, Spanish, Portuguese and Romanian. The English language was also strongly influenced by Latin, and many English words have Latin roots. An example is "conservative", which derives from the Latin verb "conservare".  

:Latin was initially the language of a small region (called "Latium"; the modern Italian province is still called "Lazio") around the town of Rome. It was only one of a number of related languages in the South of the Italian peninsula, others being Oscan and Umbrian. Due to the expansion of Rome, Latin soon overpowered the other languages, and finally became the dominant language across the Roman empire, although in the eastern parts Greek was actually more important. Latin reached its peak as a language of culture towards the end of the Republic, in particular in the speeches of Cicero, and the epics of Virgil and Ovid. With the decline and fall of the Roman Empire, Latin ceased to exist as a living language, although it continued to be used as a language in science and philosophy until the 18th century or so, and is still in Christian (especially Catholic) liturgy. The form of Latin spoken by the people (so-called "Vulgar Latin") gave rise to a number of daughter languages which are still widely spoken today. Examples are French, Spanish, Portuguese and Romanian. The English language was also strongly influenced by Latin, and many English words have Latin roots. An example is "conservative", which derives from the Latin verb "conservare".  

8.  What weaknesses, if any, do you see in the ancient Greek democracy?

8.  What weaknesses, if any, do you see in the ancient Greek democracy?