Changes

The Institute for Advanced Study is a private academic institution located in [[Princeton, New Jersey]].  Contrary to the perception of the public and many students, the Institute has no connection with [[Princeton University]]. Instead, it was funded in 1930 by philanthropists Louis Bamberger and his sister Caroline Bamberger Fuld.   

The '''Institute for Advanced Study''' is a center for theoretical research and intellectual inquiry in history, mathematics, natural science, and social science located in [[Princeton, New Jersey]].  The Institute has no formal connection with [[Princeton University]]. It was founded in 1930 by philanthropists Louis Bamberger and his sister Caroline Bamberger Fuld.   

The Institute has a permanent faculty of 27 scholars and 190 visiting members.  But often the permanent scholars are spending the later years of their lives after having established a reputation somewhere else, such as [[Albert Einstein]] and [[Kurt Godel]].

The Institute has a permanent faculty of 27 scholars and 190 visiting members. The Institute's web page mentions, as particularly notable faculty, "[[Albert Einstein]], who remained at the Institute until his death in 1955, and distinguished scientists and scholars such as [[Kurt Gödel]], [[J. Robert Oppenheimer]], Erwin Panofsky, Homer A. Thompson, [[John von Neumann]], George Kennan and [[Hermann Weyl]]."<ref>[http://www.ias.edu/about/mission-and-history/ Institute for Advanced Study: Mission and History]</ref>

It is difficult to identify any academic achievement arising from the Institute itself.

The "Princeton machine," also known as the "IAS machine," was a pioneering computer developed by Von Neumann and completed in 1952. After its completion, about a dozen similar "IAS machines" were built elsewhere. Von Neumann's work at the IAS transformed "computers" from specialized numerical calculators like ENIAC into the general-purpose stored-program device we know today.<ref>[http://wwwcsif.cs.ucdavis.edu/~csclub/museum/items/ias.html Princeton University's Institute of Advanced Studies IAS General Purpose Computer], image and description</ref> The machine was used in the development of nuclear weapons; during the summer of 1951 Los Alamos ran a calculation on it that required sixty days to complete.<ref>[http://www.ias.edu/spfeatures/john_von_neumann/electronic-computer-project/ Electronic Computer Project], IAS website</ref>