Changes

Africa was an easy and attractive target for the Europeans.  It was easy because Europeans had better weapons and could easily defeat African tribes, who were divided among themselves.  The many different ethnic groups and languages spoken in Africa also made it difficult for the continent to unify and defend itself.  Meanwhile, Africa was attractive because it had a profitable slave trade, and the rivalries created by the slave trade made it easier for European countries to divide and conquer.

Africa was an easy and attractive target for the Europeans.  It was easy because Europeans had better weapons and could easily defeat African tribes, who were divided among themselves.  The many different ethnic groups and languages spoken in Africa also made it difficult for the continent to unify and defend itself.  Meanwhile, Africa was attractive because it had a profitable slave trade, and the rivalries created by the slave trade made it easier for European countries to divide and conquer.

Malaria was historically a problem in Africa (and still is today), but the antidote “quinine” was discovered that immunized Europeans against contracting it.

Malaria was historically a problem in Africa (and still is today), but the discovery of quinine, which can be used for both the prevention of and treatment of malaria, made European activity in Africa possible.

Aided by all of the above, the Scotsman explorer and missionary David Livingstone explored central Africa in the late 1860s.  He was searching for the source of the mighty Nile River.  Because the Nile is unusual in flowing south-to-north, its source could only be in central Africa in the vicinity of the Congo.

Aided by all of the above, the Scotsman explorer and missionary David Livingstone explored central Africa in the late 1860s.  He was searching for the source of the mighty Nile River.  Because the Nile is unusual in flowing south-to-north, its source could only be in central Africa in the vicinity of the Congo.