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Gambia
===Global violence===
===Global violence===
Hezbollah is another example (like Al Qaeda) of an Islamist insurgency that is both local and transnational.
Hezbollah is another example (like Al Qaeda) of an Islamist insurgency that is both local and transnational.
<ref>''Heads we win: the cognitive side of counterinsurgency (COIN)'', David C. Gompert, RAND Corporation, 2007, p. 27 [http://books.google.com/books?id=xLDuAAAAMAAJ&q=hezbollah]</ref>
<ref>''Heads we win: the cognitive side of counterinsurgency (COIN)'', David C. Gompert, RAND Corporation, 2007, p. 27 [http://books.google.com/books?id=xLDuAAAAMAAJ&q=hezbollah]</ref>
====Attack on US, French embassies in Kuwait====
====Attack on US, French embassies in Kuwait====
Hezbollah's responsible for [[U.S.]] and [[French]] embassies attacks in [[Kuwait]] in 1983
Hezbollah's responsible for [[U.S.]] and [[French]] embassies attacks in [[Kuwait]] in 1983
<ref>http://books.google.com/books?id=yMnAlqo47sgC&pg=PA96</ref>.
<ref>http://books.google.com/books?id=yMnAlqo47sgC&pg=PA96</ref>.
====Hijacking Kuwaiti planes====
====Hijacking Kuwaiti planes====
A year after the 1983 attacks (on US, French targets), Kuwait Airways flight 221 was hijacked wherein the hijackers demanded the release of Islamic militant: 'Al-Dawa 17.' Two US passengers were killed and Iranian police freed the hijackers in [[Iran]] where the plane had been diverted. Imad Mugniyah and Hezbollah were accused by US authorities in the hijacking and killings.
A year after the 1983 attacks (on US, French targets), Kuwait Airways flight 221 was hijacked wherein the hijackers demanded the release of Islamic militant: 'Al-Dawa 17.' Two US passengers were killed and Iranian police freed the hijackers in [[Iran]] where the plane had been diverted. Imad Mugniyah and Hezbollah were accused by US authorities in the hijacking and killings.
====Iraq====
====Iraq====
Already in November 24, 2003, The [[New York Times]] elaborated in an article: "A region inflamed, the hand of Tehran," Hezbollah, in Iraq, that Hezbollah, the Iranian-backed Shiite group, has established a significant presence in Iraq.<ref>http://query.nytimes.com/gst/fullpage.html?res=940DEFDE113BF937A15752C1A9659C8B63</ref>
Already in November 24, 2003, The [[New York Times]] elaborated in an article: "A region inflamed, the hand of Tehran," Hezbollah, in Iraq, that Hezbollah, the Iranian-backed Shiite group, has established a significant presence in Iraq.<ref>http://query.nytimes.com/gst/fullpage.html?res=940DEFDE113BF937A15752C1A9659C8B63</ref>
====Somalia====
====Somalia====
The [[New York Times]] reported on Hezbollah in [[Somalia]]. <ref>http://www.nytimes.com/2006/11/15/world/middleeast/15nations.html</ref>
The [[New York Times]] reported on Hezbollah in [[Somalia]]. <ref>http://www.nytimes.com/2006/11/15/world/middleeast/15nations.html</ref>
From [[NPR]] (November 15, 2006), the "[[U.N.]] Report ties [[Somali]] Islamists to Hezbollah," in an alarming report about the situation in Somalia.
From [[NPR]] (November 15, 2006), the "[[U.N.]] Report ties [[Somali]] Islamists to Hezbollah," in an alarming report about the situation in Somalia.
====Namibia====
====Namibia====
There were reports by a human rights organisation in 2011, of jihadists-terrorists: Hezbollah and al-Shabab operating in Namibia.<ref>http://www.informante.web.na/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=9000&Itemid=1</ref>
There were reports by a human rights organisation in 2011, of jihadists-terrorists: Hezbollah and al-Shabab operating in Namibia.<ref>http://www.informante.web.na/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=9000&Itemid=1</ref>
====Gambia====
Freedom Newspaper (2011): "There is a Hezbollah cartel in Gambia."
Explaining: <i>There is a Hezbollah cartel in Banjul [the Gambian capital], who are acting in concert with the country's President Yahya Jammeh to sell arms to the terrorist group's main base in Lebanon, a source reaching the Freedom Newspaper has alleged.
The arms deal goes like this: Gambia procures the arms from Iran, and in turn sells these deadly weapons to Hezbollah.</i> Worst part is, that the "Gambian President has been accused of acting in concert with Lebanese alleged Hezbollah supporters."
<ref>http://www.freedomnewspaper.com/Homepage/tabid/36/mid/367/newsid367/5960/Breaking-News-Gambia--DID-JAMMEH-SELLS-IRANIAN-ARMS-TO-HEZBOLLAH-/Default.aspx</ref><ref>http://www.hudson-ny.org/1989/iran-charm-offensive-in-africa-part-ii</ref>
====Senegal====
Senegal has long been a favorite 'fund0raising' hub for the terrorist organization Hezbollah.<ref>http://www.terrorism-info.org.il/malam_multimedia/ENGLISH/IRAN/PD=
F/JULY_03.PDF</ref><ref>http://www.justice.gov.il/NR/rdonlyres/E7CC31EF-A384-46A9-8E92-6B3416FA6299/0/feb05.htm</ref> Worth mentioning that Senegal accused Iran in Feb. 2011 for supplying weapons to separatist rebels that killed its soldiers.<ref>http://af.reuters.com/article/topNews/idAFJOE71M01A20110223</ref>
====Afghanistan====
====Afghanistan====
Hezbollah Link in the war in Afghanistan have been found in 2007, as <i>NATO Finds Copy of Hizbullah's Explosives in Afghanistan</i>. <ref>http://web.archive.org/web/20080126073425/http://yalibnan.com/site/archives/2007/07/copy_of_hezboll.php [http://www.lebanonews.net/mainra.asp?raid=2268] [http://www.militaryphotos.net/forums/showthread.php?t=116544]</ref> And in 2011 the Wall Street Journal wrote: "Iran Funnels New Weapons to Iraq and Afghanistan."<ref>ttp://online.wsj.com/article/SB10001424052702303763404576420080640167182.html</ref>
Hezbollah Link in the war in Afghanistan have been found in 2007, as <i>NATO Finds Copy of Hizbullah's Explosives in Afghanistan</i>. <ref>http://web.archive.org/web/20080126073425/http://yalibnan.com/site/archives/2007/07/copy_of_hezboll.php [http://www.lebanonews.net/mainra.asp?raid=2268] [http://www.militaryphotos.net/forums/showthread.php?t=116544]</ref> And in 2011 the Wall Street Journal wrote: "Iran Funnels New Weapons to Iraq and Afghanistan."<ref>ttp://online.wsj.com/article/SB10001424052702303763404576420080640167182.html</ref>
====Sudan====
====Sudan====
The Hezbollah, reportedly, is very supportive of Al-Bashir's genocide in the [[Sudan]].
The Hezbollah, reportedly, is very supportive of Al-Bashir's genocide in the [[Sudan]].
<ref>http://www.istockanalyst.com/article/viewiStockNews+articleid_2432545&title=Lebanese_Hezbollah_Holds.html</ref>
<ref>http://www.istockanalyst.com/article/viewiStockNews+articleid_2432545&title=Lebanese_Hezbollah_Holds.html</ref> From a March 2009 report: "Iran, Hamas, Hezbollah leaders offer support for Sudan's chief."<ref>http://lubbockonline.com/stories/030709/wor_406280388.shtml</ref>
====Egypt====
====Egypt====
In 2009, the [[BBC]] reported that [[Egypt]] was 'hunting Hezbollah suspects'<ref>http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/middle_east/7996665.stm</ref>, prosecutor accused Hezbollah of plotting attacks in Egypt, of sending operatives to [[Egypt]] to carry out attacks in the country and to smuggle weapons.<ref>http://www.monstersandcritics.com/news/middleeast/news/article_1469836.php/Prosecutor_accuses_Hezbollah_of_plotting_attacks_in_Egypt__Roundup</ref>
In 2009, the [[BBC]] reported that [[Egypt]] was 'hunting Hezbollah suspects'<ref>http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/middle_east/7996665.stm</ref>, prosecutor accused Hezbollah of plotting attacks in Egypt, of sending operatives to [[Egypt]] to carry out attacks in the country and to smuggle weapons.<ref>http://www.monstersandcritics.com/news/middleeast/news/article_1469836.php/Prosecutor_accuses_Hezbollah_of_plotting_attacks_in_Egypt__Roundup</ref>
<ref>http://uk.reuters.com/article/latestCrisis/idUKL8213444</ref>
<ref>http://uk.reuters.com/article/latestCrisis/idUKL8213444</ref>
====Azerbaijan====
====Azerbaijan====
Hezbollah plotted embassy attack' in Azerbaijan - was revealed in 2009. A trial under way in Azerbaijan of two Hezbollah members and four Azeris, where prosecutors drew a link between Iranian-backed Hezbollah terror missions.
Hezbollah plotted embassy attack' in Azerbaijan - was revealed in 2009. A trial under way in Azerbaijan of two Hezbollah members and four Azeris, where prosecutors drew a link between Iranian-backed Hezbollah terror missions.
<ref>http://www.ijn.com/ijn-news/international/1017-iran-hezbollah-plotted-embassy-attack-in-azerbaijan</ref><ref>http://jta.org/news/article/2009/05/31/1005514/hezbollah-plot-to-bomb-azerbaijan-embassy-foiled</ref>
<ref>http://www.ijn.com/ijn-news/international/1017-iran-hezbollah-plotted-embassy-attack-in-azerbaijan</ref><ref>http://jta.org/news/article/2009/05/31/1005514/hezbollah-plot-to-bomb-azerbaijan-embassy-foiled</ref>
====Syria====
====Syria====
In March, 2011, at the height of the so-called "Arab spring," Hizbullah and Iran were helping Assad kill protesters.<ref>INN, March 2011, http://www.israelnationalnews.com/News/News.aspx/143155</ref>In May 2011, a report came out: "Hezbollah forces helping Syria in crackdown on protesters." A Lebanese parliament member said "Syrian forces have breached the border with Lebanon; notes fear that Syrian forces will kidnap refugees who fled the government crackdown in Syria."<ref>Report: Hezbollah forces helping Syria in crackdown on protesters," Haaretz, May 29, 2011 http://www.haaretz.com/news/middle-east/report-hezbollah-forces-helping-syria-in-crackdown-on-protesters-1.36471</ref> In August 2011, Syria's youth coalition accused Hezbollah of role in Assad's brutal crackdown.<ref>Syria's youth coalition accuses Hezbollah of role in Assad's brutal crackdown." AlArabiya, August 26, 2011
In March, 2011, at the height of the so-called "Arab spring," Hizbullah and Iran were helping Assad kill protesters.<ref>INN, March 2011, http://www.israelnationalnews.com/News/News.aspx/143155</ref>In May 2011, a report came out: "Hezbollah forces helping Syria in crackdown on protesters." A Lebanese parliament member said "Syrian forces have breached the border with Lebanon; notes fear that Syrian forces will kidnap refugees who fled the government crackdown in Syria."<ref>Report: Hezbollah forces helping Syria in crackdown on protesters," Haaretz, May 29, 2011 http://www.haaretz.com/news/middle-east/report-hezbollah-forces-helping-syria-in-crackdown-on-protesters-1.36471</ref> In August 2011, Syria's youth coalition accused Hezbollah of role in Assad's brutal crackdown.<ref>Syria's youth coalition accuses Hezbollah of role in Assad's brutal crackdown." AlArabiya, August 26, 2011
http://www.alarabiya.net/articles/2011/08/26/164222.html</ref>
http://www.alarabiya.net/articles/2011/08/26/164222.html</ref>
====Bahrain====
====Bahrain====
In June 1996, the Bahraini government said it has uncovered a coup plot by an Iranian-backed group, Hezbollah-Bahrain.<ref>BBC News - Timeline: Bahrain, Jun 4, 2011 http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/middle_east/817505.stm</ref>
In June 1996, the Bahraini government said it has uncovered a coup plot by an Iranian-backed group, Hezbollah-Bahrain.<ref>BBC News - Timeline: Bahrain, Jun 4, 2011 http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/middle_east/817505.stm</ref>
=====Hijacking TWA flight=====
=====Hijacking TWA flight=====
Among the highlighted terror crimes of the Hezbollah is the: [[TWA]] Hijacking, June 14, 1985: A Trans-World Airlines flight '847' was hijacked en route to [[Rome]] from [[Athens]] by two Lebanese Hizballah terrorists, and forced to fly to Beirut. The eight crew members and 145 passengers were held for seventeen days, during which one American hostage, a [[U.S.]] Navy sailor, was murdered. After being flown twice to [[Algiers]], the aircraft was returned to [[Beirut]] after Israel released 435 Lebanese and [[Palestinian]] prisoners.
Among the highlighted terror crimes of the Hezbollah is the: [[TWA]] Hijacking, June 14, 1985: A Trans-World Airlines flight '847' was hijacked en route to [[Rome]] from [[Athens]] by two Lebanese Hizballah terrorists, and forced to fly to Beirut. The eight crew members and 145 passengers were held for seventeen days, during which one American hostage, a [[U.S.]] Navy sailor, was murdered. After being flown twice to [[Algiers]], the aircraft was returned to [[Beirut]] after Israel released 435 Lebanese and [[Palestinian]] prisoners.
<ref>http://www.fas.org/irp/threat/terror_chron.html</ref><ref>http://www.fbi.gov/page2/jan06/longarm010506.htm</ref><ref>http://army.mil/terrorism/1989-1980/index.html</ref><ref>http://terrorism.grady.uga.edu/history/analysistwa.html</ref> <ref>http://news.bbc.co.uk/onthisday/hi/dates/stories/june/30/newsid_2527000/2527337.stm</ref><ref>http://www.whitehouse.gov/news/releases/2001/10/20011010-1.html</ref>
<ref>http://www.fas.org/irp/threat/terror_chron.html</ref><ref>http://www.fbi.gov/page2/jan06/longarm010506.htm</ref><ref>http://army.mil/terrorism/1989-1980/index.html</ref><ref>http://terrorism.grady.uga.edu/history/analysistwa.html</ref> <ref>http://news.bbc.co.uk/onthisday/hi/dates/stories/june/30/newsid_2527000/2527337.stm</ref><ref>http://www.whitehouse.gov/news/releases/2001/10/20011010-1.html</ref>
=====Dowining of a French airline=====
=====Dowining of a French airline=====
The [[Los Angeles Times]] wrote in November 1, 1989 that a Palestinian group allied with Hezbollah is linked to a plane crash.<blockquote>
The [[Los Angeles Times]] wrote in November 1, 1989 that a Palestinian group allied with Hezbollah is linked to a plane crash.<blockquote>
Specialists have linked a terrorist bomb that destroyed a French airliner last month (Oct, 1989) in Africa to a Palestinian group allied with the pro-Iranian Hezbollah, the newspaper Figaro said... Working with fragments of a suitcase found in the wreckage of the airliner, specialists in Paris' central police laboratory found similarities to a terrorist bomb that exploded at a Paris department store almost five years ago. The February 1985 attack at the department store resulted in the arrest of Habib Maammar, a Tunisian member of a group directed by the Palestinian bomb maker Abu Ibrahim.
Specialists have linked a terrorist bomb that destroyed a French airliner last month (Oct, 1989) in Africa to a Palestinian group allied with the pro-Iranian Hezbollah, the newspaper Figaro said... Working with fragments of a suitcase found in the wreckage of the airliner, specialists in Paris' central police laboratory found similarities to a terrorist bomb that exploded at a Paris department store almost five years ago. The February 1985 attack at the department store resulted in the arrest of Habib Maammar, a Tunisian member of a group directed by the Palestinian bomb maker Abu Ibrahim.
=====Terror attack on French department stores=====
=====Terror attack on French department stores=====
Paris' Boulevard Haussmann was targeted in 1985 and 1986 during attacks on [[Paris]] department stores, many of them claimed by the Lebanese Hezbollah militants, which left 13 dead and 303 injured.
Paris' Boulevard Haussmann was targeted in 1985 and 1986 during attacks on [[Paris]] department stores, many of them claimed by the Lebanese Hezbollah militants, which left 13 dead and 303 injured.
Terrorists from Hezbollah, set off bombs in both Printemps and Galeries Lafayette in December 1985, injuring 43 people.<ref>http://www.timesonline.co.uk/tol/news/world/europe/article5351735.ece</ref>
Terrorists from Hezbollah, set off bombs in both Printemps and Galeries Lafayette in December 1985, injuring 43 people.<ref>http://www.timesonline.co.uk/tol/news/world/europe/article5351735.ece</ref>
=====Network=====
=====Network=====
Although Europe has recently been exempt from Hezbollah attacks, numerous intelligence experts and officials assert that the group's operatives maintain cells across the continent. German authorities, in particular, have expressed concern about the presence of several hundred Hezbollah members in their country.
Although Europe has recently been exempt from Hezbollah attacks, numerous intelligence experts and officials assert that the group's operatives maintain cells across the continent. German authorities, in particular, have expressed concern about the presence of several hundred Hezbollah members in their country.
=====Attempts of attacks between 1988-1996=====
=====Attempts of attacks between 1988-1996=====
Other attacks researchers have attributed to Hezbollah include an unsuccessful attempt to carry out attacks in Cyprus in 1988; a plot, foiled by Spanish police, to carry out attacks against Jewish targets in Europe in 1989; an unsuccessful attempt to detonate a car bomb outside a Jewish community building in Romania in 1992; and a planned 1996 attack, also foiled by police, on an Israeli institution in Paris.
Other attacks researchers have attributed to Hezbollah include an unsuccessful attempt to carry out attacks in Cyprus in 1988; a plot, foiled by Spanish police, to carry out attacks against Jewish targets in Europe in 1989; an unsuccessful attempt to detonate a car bomb outside a Jewish community building in Romania in 1992; and a planned 1996 attack, also foiled by police, on an Israeli institution in Paris.
<ref>http://www.cnsnews.com/public/content/article.aspx?RsrcID=40451</ref>
<ref>http://www.cnsnews.com/public/content/article.aspx?RsrcID=40451</ref>
=====Attempts of 'massive-attacks' in 2009=====
=====Attempts of 'massive-attacks' in 2009=====
In 2009, there was a report of a "Massive Hezbollah Terror Attack Against Israeli Target In Europe," that has been thwarted. <ref>http://www.nationalterroralert.com/updates/2009/01/28/report-massive-hezbollah-terror-attack-against-israeli-target-in-europe-thwarted/</ref>
In 2009, there was a report of a "Massive Hezbollah Terror Attack Against Israeli Target In Europe," that has been thwarted. <ref>http://www.nationalterroralert.com/updates/2009/01/28/report-massive-hezbollah-terror-attack-against-israeli-target-in-europe-thwarted/</ref>
====Latin America====
====Latin America====
From a US statement in 1995 titled "Latin American Terrorism backed by Iran" <blockquote>"We believe that Hizballah activities, which include narcotics and smuggling as well as terrorism, are supported in the tri-border area of Argentina, Brazil, and Paraguay. The organization is known to have cells in Colombia and Venezuela as well. Hizballah cells are concealed amidst the large Shia' Muslim population of Lebanese origin which has settled in the tri-border area."
From a US statement in 1995 titled "Latin American Terrorism backed by Iran" <blockquote>"We believe that Hizballah activities, which include narcotics and smuggling as well as terrorism, are supported in the tri-border area of Argentina, Brazil, and Paraguay. The organization is known to have cells in Colombia and Venezuela as well. Hizballah cells are concealed amidst the large Shia' Muslim population of Lebanese origin which has settled in the tri-border area."
<ref>http://www.globalsecurity.org/security/library/congress/1995_h/h950928w.htm</ref></blockquote>
<ref>http://www.globalsecurity.org/security/library/congress/1995_h/h950928w.htm</ref></blockquote>
=====Venezuela=====
=====Venezuela=====
US designated two Hezbollah operatives in [[Venezuela]] as terrorists- Hezbollah has used the tri-border region between Argentina, Brazil, and Paraguay to recruit, train, raise and launder money, and plot attacks.
US designated two Hezbollah operatives in [[Venezuela]] as terrorists- Hezbollah has used the tri-border region between Argentina, Brazil, and Paraguay to recruit, train, raise and launder money, and plot attacks.
<ref>http://www.treas.gov/press/releases/hp1036.htm</ref>
<ref>http://www.treas.gov/press/releases/hp1036.htm</ref>
=====Attack on Israeli embassy in Argentina=====
=====Attack on Israeli embassy in Argentina=====
Hezbollah & Iran attacked the Israel's embassy in Argentina in 1992, in which 29 people were killed.
Hezbollah & Iran attacked the Israel's embassy in Argentina in 1992, in which 29 people were killed.
<ref>http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/7242383.stm</ref>
<ref>http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/7242383.stm</ref>
=====Attack on a Jewish center (Amia) in Argentina=====
=====Attack on a Jewish center (Amia) in Argentina=====
Hezbollah and [[Iran]] both are also charged, via clear evidence, by Argentinian court, terror bombing on the (civilian building) [[Amia]] 'Jewish-Argentine Mutual Association Community Cente' which killed 85 and wounded 300. <ref>http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/americas/6085768.stm</ref><ref>http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/world/americas/3179861.stm</ref><ref>http://www.intelligence.org.il/eng/eng_n/argentina_e.htm</ref><ref>http://findarticles.com/p/articles/mi_qn4188/is_20061026/ai_n16818404</ref>, furthermore, Argentina accuses Iran of meddling in probe of the 1994 Jewish center bombing<ref>http://www.haaretz.com/hasen/spages/787765.html</ref>, the investigation finds [[Iranian]], Hezbollah and [[Syrian]] involvement. <ref>http://www.adl.org/Terror/terror_buenos_aries_attack.asp</ref>
Hezbollah and [[Iran]] both are also charged, via clear evidence, by Argentinian court, terror bombing on the (civilian building) [[Amia]] 'Jewish-Argentine Mutual Association Community Cente' which killed 85 and wounded 300. <ref>http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/americas/6085768.stm</ref><ref>http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/world/americas/3179861.stm</ref><ref>http://www.intelligence.org.il/eng/eng_n/argentina_e.htm</ref><ref>http://findarticles.com/p/articles/mi_qn4188/is_20061026/ai_n16818404</ref>, furthermore, Argentina accuses Iran of meddling in probe of the 1994 Jewish center bombing<ref>http://www.haaretz.com/hasen/spages/787765.html</ref>, the investigation finds [[Iranian]], Hezbollah and [[Syrian]] involvement. <ref>http://www.adl.org/Terror/terror_buenos_aries_attack.asp</ref>
=====Bombing in Panama=====
=====Bombing in Panama=====
July 19, 1994 Panama, A suicide bomber reportedly linked to Hezbollah detonated a bomb on a commuter plane in Colón, [[Panama]], killing all 21 people aboard, including 12 [[Jewish]] businessmen, at least four of whom were [[Israeli]], and three [[U.S.]] citizens.
July 19, 1994 Panama, A suicide bomber reportedly linked to Hezbollah detonated a bomb on a commuter plane in Colón, [[Panama]], killing all 21 people aboard, including 12 [[Jewish]] businessmen, at least four of whom were [[Israeli]], and three [[U.S.]] citizens.
<ref>http://www.adl.org/main_Terrorism/hezbollah_overview.htm?Multi_page_sections=sHeading_5</ref><ref>http://www.globalsecurity.org/security/library/congress/1995_h/h950928w.htm</ref><ref>http://www.cnsnews.com/public/content/article.aspx?RsrcID=40451 </ref><ref>''Jane's intelligence review: Yearbook,'' Jane's Information Group (1994), [http://books.google.com/books?&id=ATFEAQAAIAAJ&q=panama p. 64]</ref><ref>''Whitewashing Hezbullah,'' The Israel Report, May/June 2000
<ref>http://www.adl.org/main_Terrorism/hezbollah_overview.htm?Multi_page_sections=sHeading_5</ref><ref>http://www.globalsecurity.org/security/library/congress/1995_h/h950928w.htm</ref><ref>http://www.cnsnews.com/public/content/article.aspx?RsrcID=40451 </ref><ref>''Jane's intelligence review: Yearbook,'' Jane's Information Group (1994), [http://books.google.com/books?&id=ATFEAQAAIAAJ&q=panama p. 64]</ref><ref>''Whitewashing Hezbullah,'' The Israel Report, May/June 2000