Changes

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|Realism

|Realism

|the doctrine that universals have a real objective existence

|focus on the tangible rather than the abstract

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|Steamboat

|steamboat

|a waterborne ship powered by a steam engine. Historically, the steam was produced by burning coal (or less often, wood), although modern steamboats tend to use more portable fuels such as diesel gasoline.

|a waterborne ship useful to the Industrial Revolution which was powered by a steam engine, with the steam produced by burning coal (or less often, wood); today steamboats are powerd by diesel gasoline

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|Economies of scale

|Economies of scale

|The decrease in a firm's long-run average costs as the size of its production increases.

|when increasing the size of a company enables it to lower its prices due to improved efficiencies, as the big Wal-Mart stores do

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|Enclosure movement

|Enclosure movement

|Early 1700's during the industrial revolution in England.. Wealthy farmers bought land from small farmers, benefiting from economies of scale in farming huge tracts of land.

|in the 1700s when wealthy farmers bought land from small farmers, to benefit from economies of scale in farming huge tracts of land

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|Adam Smith

|Adam Smith

|(1723-1790) a Scottish political economist who wrote a book with his idea about how the "invisible hand" of capitalism will create wealth and prosperity, in the "Wealth of Nations" (1776)

|(1723-1790) a Scottish political economist who discovered how the "invisible hand" of capitalism will create wealth and prosperity; his book describing this idea was the "Wealth of Nations" (1776)

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|Oliver Cromwell

|Oliver Cromwell

|(1599-1658) Was an English soldier, statesman, and leader of the Puritan revolution.

|(1599-1658) an English soldier, statesman, and controversial leader of the Puritan revolution who overthrew the King

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|Queen Elizabeth  

|Queen Elizabeth  

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|Victor Hugo

|Victor Hugo

|(1802-1885) Is considered one of the greatest Romanticist poets. He was a French man who wrote the classics Cromwell (1827), The Hunchback of Notre Dame of Paris (1831) and Les Miserables (1862).

|(1802-1885) one of the greatest Romanticist poets, he was a Frenchman who wrote the classics Cromwell (1827), The Hunchback of Notre Dame of Paris (1831) and Les Miserables (1862)

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|[[William Prynne]]

|[[William Prynne]]

|(1600 – 24 October 1669) Was an english lawyer, author, political figure and prominent Puritan.

|(1600-1669) an English lawyer, author, political figure and prominent Puritan who was imprisoned for his religious beliefs

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|[[Maximilian Robespierre]]

|[[Maximilian Robespierre]]

|(1758-1794) a French Jacobin who was most responsible for reign of terror; under the influence of the work of Rousseau, Robespierre unbendingly murdered moderates and all opponents, and was eventually killed by the guillotine himself in 1794.

|(1758-1794) a French Jacobin who was most responsible for the Reign of Terror; under the influence of the work of Rousseau, Robespierre unbendingly murdered moderates and all opponents, and was eventually killed by the guillotine himself in 1794.

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|French Revolution

|French Revolution

|The French Revolution started in 1789 with the storm of the Bastille prison. The Revolution included the capture and beheading of King Louis XVI, and the Reign of Terror by Maximilien de Robespierre which ended in 1794 with Robespierre's death.

|began in 1789 by freeing Bastille prison, and ended in 1794 with Robespierre's death.

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|Prince Henry the Navigator

|Prince Henry the Navigator

|[[slavery]]

|[[slavery]]

|the state or condition of being a slave; a civil relationship whereby one person has absolute power over another and controls his life, liberty, and fortune

|the state or condition of being a slave; a civil relationship whereby one person has absolute power over another and controls his life, liberty, and fortune

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[[Category:World History lectures]]

[[Category:World History lectures]]