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Köppen Climate Classification System (view source)
Revision as of 02:25, January 23, 2012
, 02:25, January 23, 2012A start
The '''Köppen Climate Classification System''' is the most widely used for classifying the world's [[climate]]s. Most classification systems used today are based on the one introduced in 1900 by the Russian-German climatologist [[Wladimir Köppen]]. Köppen divided the [[Earth]]'s surface into climatic regions that generally coincided with world patterns of vegetation and soils.
==The Köppen Climate Classification System==
The Köppen system recognizes five major climate types based on the annual and monthly averages of [[temperature]] and [[precipitation]]. Each type is designated by a capital letter.
*A - [[Moist Tropical Climate]]s are known for their high temperatures year round and for their large amount of year round [[rain]].
*B - [[Dry Climate]]s are characterized by little rain and a huge daily temperature range. Two subgroups:
**S - Semiarid or [[steppe]],
**W - arid or [[desert]]
*C - [[Humid Middle Latitude Climate]]s have warm,dry [[summer]]s and cool, wet [[winter]]s.
*D - [[Continental Climate]]s can be found in the interior regions of large land masses. Total precipitation is not very high and seasonal temperatures vary widely.
*E - [[Cold Climate]]s are part of areas where permanent ice and [[tundra]] are always present.
*H - [[Alpine climate]]s
Further subgroups are designated by a second, lower case letter which distinguish specific seasonal characteristics of temperature and precipitation.
*f - Moist with adequate precipitation in all months and no dry season. This letter usually accompanies the A, C, and D climates.
*m - [[Rainforest]] climate in spite of short, dry season in monsoon type cycle. This letter only applies to A climates.
*s - There is a dry season in the summer of the respective hemisphere (high-sun season).
*w - There is a dry season in the winter of the respective hemisphere (low-sun season).
To further denote variations in climate, a third letter was added to the code.
*a - Hot summers. These can be found in C and D climates.
*b - Warm summer. These can also be found in C and D climates.
*c - Cool, short summers in the C and D climates.
*d - Very cold winters in the D climate only.
*h - Dry-hot in B climates only.
*k - Dry-cold in B climates only.
==Three basic climate groups==
Three major climate groups show the dominance of special combinations of air-mass source regions.
===Group I===
Low-latitude Climates:
*Tropical Moist Climates (Af): [[Rainforest]]
*Wet-Dry Tropical Climates (Aw): [[Savanna]]
*Dry Tropical Climate (BW): [[Desert]] biome
===Group II===
Mid-latitude Climates:
*Dry Midlatitude Climates (BS): [[Steppe]]
*Mediterranean Climate (Cs): [[Chaparral]] biome
*Dry Midlatitude Climates (Bs): [[Grassland]]s biome
*Moist Continental Climate (Cf): [[Deciduous Forest]] biome
===Group III===
High-latitude climates:
*Boreal forest Climate ( Dfc): [[Taiga]] biome
*Tundra Climate (E): [[Tundra]] biome
*Highland Climate (H): [[Alpine]] Biome
[[Category:Meteorology]]
==The Köppen Climate Classification System==
The Köppen system recognizes five major climate types based on the annual and monthly averages of [[temperature]] and [[precipitation]]. Each type is designated by a capital letter.
*A - [[Moist Tropical Climate]]s are known for their high temperatures year round and for their large amount of year round [[rain]].
*B - [[Dry Climate]]s are characterized by little rain and a huge daily temperature range. Two subgroups:
**S - Semiarid or [[steppe]],
**W - arid or [[desert]]
*C - [[Humid Middle Latitude Climate]]s have warm,dry [[summer]]s and cool, wet [[winter]]s.
*D - [[Continental Climate]]s can be found in the interior regions of large land masses. Total precipitation is not very high and seasonal temperatures vary widely.
*E - [[Cold Climate]]s are part of areas where permanent ice and [[tundra]] are always present.
*H - [[Alpine climate]]s
Further subgroups are designated by a second, lower case letter which distinguish specific seasonal characteristics of temperature and precipitation.
*f - Moist with adequate precipitation in all months and no dry season. This letter usually accompanies the A, C, and D climates.
*m - [[Rainforest]] climate in spite of short, dry season in monsoon type cycle. This letter only applies to A climates.
*s - There is a dry season in the summer of the respective hemisphere (high-sun season).
*w - There is a dry season in the winter of the respective hemisphere (low-sun season).
To further denote variations in climate, a third letter was added to the code.
*a - Hot summers. These can be found in C and D climates.
*b - Warm summer. These can also be found in C and D climates.
*c - Cool, short summers in the C and D climates.
*d - Very cold winters in the D climate only.
*h - Dry-hot in B climates only.
*k - Dry-cold in B climates only.
==Three basic climate groups==
Three major climate groups show the dominance of special combinations of air-mass source regions.
===Group I===
Low-latitude Climates:
*Tropical Moist Climates (Af): [[Rainforest]]
*Wet-Dry Tropical Climates (Aw): [[Savanna]]
*Dry Tropical Climate (BW): [[Desert]] biome
===Group II===
Mid-latitude Climates:
*Dry Midlatitude Climates (BS): [[Steppe]]
*Mediterranean Climate (Cs): [[Chaparral]] biome
*Dry Midlatitude Climates (Bs): [[Grassland]]s biome
*Moist Continental Climate (Cf): [[Deciduous Forest]] biome
===Group III===
High-latitude climates:
*Boreal forest Climate ( Dfc): [[Taiga]] biome
*Tundra Climate (E): [[Tundra]] biome
*Highland Climate (H): [[Alpine]] Biome
[[Category:Meteorology]]