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added philosophy section
==Rhetoric==
==Rhetoric==
Cicero is considered to be one of the greatest orators and speech writers the world has ever known and a father to modern legalists and barristers. He had an enormous influence on European thought, 1500-1900, and on American thought, 1770-1900.
Cicero is considered to be one of the greatest orators and speech writers the world has ever known and a father to modern legalists and barristers. He had an enormous influence on European thought, 1500-1900, and on American thought, 1770-1900.
==Philosophy==
Cicero’s philosophical works were core texts in the traditional Latin-based liberal arts curriculum. His ethical and political texts include ''De Officiis'', ''De Finibus Bonorum et Malorum'', ''De Re Publica'', and ''De Legibus''. ''De Officiis'', ''On Duties'', was a standard text on ethics read by every educated student prior to the 19th century. It was treasured by scholars and theologians including St. Ambrose, St. Augustine, St. Jerome, and Thomas Aquinas. It was championed by Petrarch, Erasmus, Grotius, Locke, Hume, Jefferson, John Adams, and James Wilson. Cicero was a staunch defender of property rights, natural law, and republican values.
==Roman politics==
==Roman politics==
Cicero was also responsible for unveiling a plot to overthrow the Republic, and his consulship in particular, masterminded by [[Catiline]] among others. In his defeat of the conspirators, however, he set a dangerous precedent; he allowed the conspirators captured in the city of Rome to be executed without a trial. Caesar, among others, was reported to have argued against this by the historian Sallust.
Cicero was also responsible for unveiling a plot to overthrow the Republic, and his consulship in particular, masterminded by [[Catiline]] among others. In his defeat of the conspirators, however, he set a dangerous precedent; he allowed the conspirators captured in the city of Rome to be executed without a trial. Caesar, among others, was reported to have argued against this by the historian Sallust.