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practitioners look on it as an integral part of their cultural and ethnic identity, and some perceive it as a religious obligation
'''Female Genital Mutilation''' (FGM), sometimes referred to euphemistically as "female circumcision", refers to various forms of permanent and harmful operations performed on girls or women in some parts of the non-Christian world.
'''Female Genital Mutilation''' (FGM), sometimes referred to euphemistically as "female circumcision", refers to various forms of permanent and harmful operations performed on girls or women in some parts of the non-Christian world.
Female genital mutilation is extremely rare in the West, but is widely practised in parts of [[Asia]], the [[Middle East]], and East [[Africa]], especially where traditionalist and [[fundamentalist]] [[Islam]] predominates. The mutilation is usually carried out when the girl is prepubescent,<ref>[http://www.path.org/files/FGM-The-Facts.htm Female Genital Mutilation – The Wallace Global Fund]</ref> often forcibly and against her wishes. It can cause many potential genito-urinary complications, including infection, urinary incontinence, and increased risk of problems during future childbirth.
Female genital mutilation is extremely rare in the West, but is widely practised in parts of [[Asia]], the [[Middle East]], and East [[Africa]], especially where traditionalist and [[fundamentalist]] [[Islam]] predominates.
* ... practitioners look on it as an integral part of their cultural and ethnic identity, and some perceive it as a religious obligation [http://www.guttmacher.org/pubs/journals/2313097.html Female Circumcision: Rite of Passage Or Violation of Rights?] - Guttmacher Institute
The mutilation is usually carried out when the girl is prepubescent,<ref>[http://www.path.org/files/FGM-The-Facts.htm Female Genital Mutilation – The Wallace Global Fund]</ref> often forcibly and against her wishes. It can cause many potential genito-urinary complications, including infection, urinary incontinence, and increased risk of problems during future childbirth.
==References==
==References==