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| | Benito Amilcare Andrea Mussolini was born July 29, 1883. | | Benito Amilcare Andrea Mussolini was born July 29, 1883. |
| | He was executed on April 28, 1945.<ref>[http://www.custermen.com/ItalyWW2/ILDUCE/Mussolini.htm Execution of Mussolini]</ref> | | He was executed on April 28, 1945.<ref>[http://www.custermen.com/ItalyWW2/ILDUCE/Mussolini.htm Execution of Mussolini]</ref> |
| − | Mussolini was born in the north Italian town of Pergine Valsugana in the northern Italian province of Trento. His father was a cobbler and his mother a washerwoman. The Mussolinis were a relatively poor family in comparison with the majority of their neighbors and it is believed that Mussolini was ridiculed by his peers at Valsugana Elementary School due to his shabby clothes and dirty appearance. Many historians attribute Mussolini's aggressive nature to this mistreatment. His father was a [[socialist]] and raised Mussolini as a socialist. He was named after Mexican president [[Benito Juarez]]. | + | Mussolini was born in the central Italian town of Predappio, province of Forlì. His father, Alessandro, was a blacksmith and his mother, Rosa Maltoni, was a school teacher. Alessandro Mussolini was an enthusiast socialist of the anarchic wing and an atheist. He bestowed the first name "Benito" upon his son after Mexican president [[Benito Juarez]] and the middle name "Andrea" after the founder of the short-lived Italian "Revolutionary Socialist Party of Romagna", Andrea Conti. Benito's mother, however, was a religious Catholic woman and had the child baptized. |
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| | + | Benito Mussolini had a troubled education: he was expelled from a Salesian-run religious middle school in Faenza when he stabbed an older classmate with a knife. After that, he enrolled in a public and secular Teachers' School for Boys in Forlimpopoli (even there, he was poorly behaved and involved in fistfights). He graduated in 1901 with an elementary teacher's license, but was jobless. In order to avoid mandatory military service, he fled to [[Switzerland]] where he lived by his wits. He never attended any kind of university, as his school didn't grant the necessary diploma to do so. |
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| | + | Mussolini had been introduced to socialism by his father, and got closer and closer to the Socialist Party in his teen years, until he eventually subscribed in 1900. He started writing on the socialist newspaper ''L'Avvenire del lavoratore'' very soon, in 1904. |
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| − | At the age of 12 Benito was sent to an Italian [[military academy]] in [[Turin]] where he completed his secondary education. Mussolini graduated from school in 1901 and then went on to study at the [[University of Rome]] where he completed a degree in Social Sciences. It was during his university days that Mussolini first became exposed to politics. It is reported that Mussolini would spend long afternoons in the university library reading the memoirs of various European kings and other books about political ideologies. At one time he was the editor of "Avanti" (a self declared socialist paper).
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| | ==Fascism and Socialism== | | ==Fascism and Socialism== |