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"[T]he net result of Marx's essay is to reinforce a traditional anti-Jewish stereotype," concludes Wisrich, "the identification of the Jews with money-making&mdash;in the sharpest possible manner."<ref>''[http://books.google.com/books?id=Hl8MAQAAMAAJ Soviet Jewish Affairs'', Vol. 4, No. 1], (Institute of Jewish Affairs, World Jewish Congress, 1974), p. 56</ref> "Marx argues that the Jew will have to cast off his 'Jewishness'&mdash;that is, his mean and grasping ways," writes Lindemann, "in order to become fully human."<ref>Albert S. Lindemann, ''[http://books.google.com/books?id=NagdhSUgB9oC Esau's tears: modern anti-semitism and the rise of the Jews]'' (Cambridge University Press, 2000) ISBN 0521795389, p. 163</ref> “Marx’s position is essentially an assimilationist one," according to Ray, "in which there is no room within emancipated humanity for Jews as a separate ethnic or cultural identity.”<ref>Larry Ray, “[http://www.engageonline.org.uk/journal/index.php?journal_id=12&article_id=49 Marx and the radical critique of difference],” ''Engage'', Issue 3 (September 2006)</ref> "Jews, Marx seems to be saying, can only become free when, as Jews, they no longer exist," observes Fischman.<ref>Dennis K. Fischman, ''[http://books.google.com/books?id=6iqVtOAr8jgC Political discourse in exile: Karl Marx and the Jewish question]'' (Univ of Massachusetts Press, 1991) ISBN 0870237462, p. 13</ref> Marx expresses a "bitter grudge against Judaism which borders on the desire to see it destroyed," wrote long-time ''Haaretz'' editor Moshe Glickson.<ref>Moshe Glickson, ''[http://books.google.com/books?id=G5fiAAAAMAAJ The Jewish complex of Karl Marx]'', J. S. Abba, tr. (Herzl Press, 1961), p. 20</ref> Marx "did not hesitate to besmirch the traditions of the Jewish people and to place a sword in the hands of its enemies," writes Glickson.<ref>Moshe Glickson, ''[http://books.google.com/books?id=G5fiAAAAMAAJ The Jewish complex of Karl Marx]'', J. S. Abba, tr. (Herzl Press, 1961), p. 15</ref> Marx's "solution of the Jewish question was not very different from Adolf Hitler's," comments Marx's biographer Robert Payne, "for it involved the liquidation of Judaism...."<ref>Robert Payne, ''[http://books.google.com/books?id=cA4YAAAAIAAJ Marx]'' (Simon and Schuster, 1968) as cited in William Otto Henderson, ''[http://books.google.com/books?id=a9BvGA43rAQC Marx and Engels and the English workers: and other essays]'' (Psychology Press, 1989) ISBN 0714633348, p. 70</ref> Indeed, Marx's anti-Semitic rhetoric “may have contributed mightily to the bloodshed and the fire to come,” writes Max Geltman.<ref>Max Geltman, “[http://www.paulbogdanor.com/antisemitism/geltman.pdf On Socialist Anti-Semitism]," ''Midstream'', vol. 23, no. 3 (March 1977), p. 25</ref> Of this essay, Gérard Lyon-Caen, professor of labor law at the University of Paris, concludes:

"[T]he net result of Marx's essay is to reinforce a traditional anti-Jewish stereotype," concludes Wisrich, "the identification of the Jews with money-making&mdash;in the sharpest possible manner."<ref>''[http://books.google.com/books?id=Hl8MAQAAMAAJ Soviet Jewish Affairs'', Vol. 4, No. 1], (Institute of Jewish Affairs, World Jewish Congress, 1974), p. 56</ref> "Marx argues that the Jew will have to cast off his 'Jewishness'&mdash;that is, his mean and grasping ways," writes Lindemann, "in order to become fully human."<ref>Albert S. Lindemann, ''[http://books.google.com/books?id=NagdhSUgB9oC Esau's tears: modern anti-semitism and the rise of the Jews]'' (Cambridge University Press, 2000) ISBN 0521795389, p. 163</ref> “Marx’s position is essentially an assimilationist one," according to Ray, "in which there is no room within emancipated humanity for Jews as a separate ethnic or cultural identity.”<ref>Larry Ray, “[http://www.engageonline.org.uk/journal/index.php?journal_id=12&article_id=49 Marx and the radical critique of difference],” ''Engage'', Issue 3 (September 2006)</ref> "Jews, Marx seems to be saying, can only become free when, as Jews, they no longer exist," observes Fischman.<ref>Dennis K. Fischman, ''[http://books.google.com/books?id=6iqVtOAr8jgC Political discourse in exile: Karl Marx and the Jewish question]'' (Univ of Massachusetts Press, 1991) ISBN 0870237462, p. 13</ref> Marx expresses a "bitter grudge against Judaism which borders on the desire to see it destroyed," wrote long-time ''Haaretz'' editor Moshe Glickson.<ref>Moshe Glickson, ''[http://books.google.com/books?id=G5fiAAAAMAAJ The Jewish complex of Karl Marx]'', J. S. Abba, tr. (Herzl Press, 1961), p. 20</ref> Marx "did not hesitate to besmirch the traditions of the Jewish people and to place a sword in the hands of its enemies," writes Glickson.<ref>Moshe Glickson, ''[http://books.google.com/books?id=G5fiAAAAMAAJ The Jewish complex of Karl Marx]'', J. S. Abba, tr. (Herzl Press, 1961), p. 15</ref> Marx's "solution of the Jewish question was not very different from Adolf Hitler's," comments Marx's biographer Robert Payne, "for it involved the liquidation of Judaism...."<ref>Robert Payne, ''[http://books.google.com/books?id=cA4YAAAAIAAJ Marx]'' (Simon and Schuster, 1968) as cited in William Otto Henderson, ''[http://books.google.com/books?id=a9BvGA43rAQC Marx and Engels and the English workers: and other essays]'' (Psychology Press, 1989) ISBN 0714633348, p. 70</ref> Indeed, Marx's anti-Semitic rhetoric “may have contributed mightily to the bloodshed and the fire to come,” writes Max Geltman.<ref>Max Geltman, “[http://www.paulbogdanor.com/antisemitism/geltman.pdf On Socialist Anti-Semitism]," ''Midstream'', vol. 23, no. 3 (March 1977), p. 25</ref> Of this essay, Gérard Lyon-Caen, professor of labor law at the University of Paris, concludes:

{{cquote|To say that it was at the origin of modern anti-Semitism would very certainly be excessive. But to put forward the theory that it encouraged certain anti-Semitic currents in capitalistic countries or even in countries which were freed from capitalism seems hard to dispute.<ref>Gérard Lyon-Caen, "Marx et le droit moderne", ''Archives de philosophie du droit'', No. XII, Paris, Sirey, 1967, p. 1-11 (as cited in Léon Poliakov, ''[http://books.google.com/books?id=w39m4aohL9gC The History of Anti-semitism: From Voltaire to Wagner]'' (University of Pennsylvania Press, 2003) ISBN 0812218655, p. 557, n. 150</ref>}}

{{cquote|To say that it was at the origin of modern anti-Semitism would very certainly be excessive. But to put forward the theory that it encouraged certain anti-Semitic currents in capitalistic countries or even in countries which were freed from capitalism seems hard to dispute.<ref>Gérard Lyon-Caen, "Marx et le droit moderne", ''Archives de philosophie du droit'', No. XII, Paris, Sirey, 1967, p. 1-11 (as cited in Léon Poliakov, ''[http://books.google.com/books?id=w39m4aohL9gC The History of Anti-semitism: From Voltaire to Wagner]'' (University of Pennsylvania Press, 2003) ISBN 0812218655, p. 557, n. 150</ref>}}

===Notes===

===Notes===

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