Zinc Ionophores
Zinc ionophores are compounds that bind on zinc, and transport the extracellular Zn2+ ions across the cell membrane, and are researched for their anticancer and antiviral tendencies.[1][2] Examples of Zinc Ionophores are Hinokitiol (HK) and Pyrithione (PT) and have been found to inhibit human mengovirus, rhinovirus, and coxsackievirus multiplication effectively.[3] Chloroquine has also been identified as a Zinc Ionophore that portrays its anticancer capability, and it has been considered as a potential anticancer agent.[4]
Antiviral Activity
Zinc Ionophores, Hinokitiol, and Pyrithione are useful in the inhibition of Picornavirus replication through the interference with the viral polyprotein proper processing.[5] Hinokitiol and Pyrithione also result in a swift importation of extracellular Zn2+ ions into the cells, which increases the inhibition against Picornavirus infection.[6]
Anticancer Activity
The ability to bind on Zinc ions allows Zinc ionophores to cause apoptosis within cancer cells.[7] Zinc Ionophores kill cancer cells via ways such as proteasome inhibition and lysosomal disruption, and thus, have proven to be potential anticancer agents.[8]
References
- ↑ https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/19859983/
- ↑ https://biomedgrid.com/fulltext/volume2/review-on-the-role-of-zn2+-ions-in-viral-pathogenesis-and-the-effect-of-zn2+-ions-for-host-cell-virus-growth-inhibition.000566.php
- ↑ https://jvi.asm.org/content/83/1/58
- ↑ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4182877/
- ↑ https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/18922875/
- ↑ https://jvi.asm.org/content/83/1/58
- ↑ https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/19859983/
- ↑ https://iubmb.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full/10.1002/iub.253