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'''Stephen Crane''' (1871-1900) was an American author.  His works include ''Maggie:  A Girl of the Streets'' (1893), ''The Red Badge of Courage'' (1895), ''The Black Riders'' (1895), ''The Open Boat'' (1898), and "The Monster" (1899).<ref>''The New York Public Library Student's Desk Reference''.  Prentice Hall:  New York, 1993.</ref>

==Life and Works==
He was born on November 1, 1871 in Newark, New Jersey, to a Methodist minister and a writer, though he was raised by his older sister Agnes.  He studied at Claverack College, Lafayette College, and Easton University and got a job with the ''New York Times''.<ref>http://www.biography.com/people/stephen-crane-9260647#early-years</ref>
He published his first book, ''Maggie:  A Girl of the Streets'' under the pseudonym Johnson Smith, to avoid backlash in its depictions of promiscuity and other unnecessary controversy.<ref>http://www.online-literature.com/crane/</ref>
Crane's best-known novel, ''The Red Badge of Courage'', he wrote as an impressionistic novel of a [[Civil War]] soldier called Henry Fleming who desires a battle would to mask his pusillanimity in fleeing from a battle.<ref>https://americanliterature.com/author/stephen-crane/bio-books-stories</ref>  He later published his poetry in ''The Black Rider'' and his short stories in ''The Monster and Other Stories'',<ref>http://www.online-literature.com/crane/</ref> including the frequently anthologized "The Open Boat", "The Blue Hotel", and "The Bride Comes to Yellow Sky".<ref>https://www.poetryfoundation.org/poems-and-poets/poets/detail/stephen-crane</ref>

After it made him famous, he continued as a reporter of the [[Spanish-American War]] and the [[Greco-Turkish War]].  He married a Cora Taylor and became financially ruined in England.<ref>https://www.britannica.com/biography/Stephen-Crane</ref>  He died of [[tuberculosis]] at age 29.<ref>https://www.loc.gov/rr/hispanic/1898/crane.html</ref>

==Other==
Stephen Crane appears on the cover of [[the Beatles]] album [[Sgt. Pepper's Lonely Hearts Club Band]].<ref>https://www.nytimes.com/2014/08/03/books/review/stephen-crane-a-life-of-fire-by-paul-sorrentino.html?_r=0</ref>

==See also==
*[[H. G. Wells]]
*[[Joseph Conrad]]

==References==
{{reflist}}

==External links==
*[https://www.poetryfoundation.org/poems-and-poets/poets/detail/stephen-crane Biography and Poems] at the Poetry Foundation website

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[[Category:American Authors]]
[[Category:American Poets]]