Difference between revisions of "Command Prompt"

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'''Command Prompt''' is the name for the [[Windows]] program which allows the user to access the [[computer shell]], that is, a text-based (command-line) control system.
+
'''Command Prompt''' is the name for the program provided with the [[Windows]] [[operating system]] which allows the user to access the [[computer shell]], that is, a text-based (command-line) control system.
  
−
==Some Commands==
+
One can open the Command Prompt window by clicking the Start button, clicking All Programs, clicking Accessories, and then clicking Command Prompt.<ref>http://windows.microsoft.com/en-US/windows-vista/Open-a-Command-Prompt-window</ref>  Alternatively, "cmd.exe" can be entered into the Run/Search box to start it immediately.
 +
 
 +
==About Commands==
 
These commands are applicable in [[Windows 7]] [[operating system]]s and later
 
These commands are applicable in [[Windows 7]] [[operating system]]s and later
  
−
ASSOC          Displays or modifies file extension associations.
+
{| class="wikitable sortable"
−
ATTRIB        Displays or changes file attributes.
+
|-
−
BREAK         Sets or clears extended CTRL+C checking.
+
! Command !! Function!!Notes
−
BCDEDIT       Sets properties in boot database to control boot loading.
+
|-
−
CACLS         Displays or modifies access control lists (ACLs) of files.
+
| ASSOC||         Displays or modifies file extension associations.
−
CALL           Calls one batch program from another.
+
|-
−
CD             Displays the name of or changes the current directory.
+
| ATTRIB||         Displays or changes file attributes.
−
CHCP           Displays or sets the active code page number.
+
|-
−
CHDIR         Displays the name of or changes the current directory.
+
| BREAK||          Sets or clears extended CTRL+C checking.
−
CHKDSK         Checks a disk and displays a status report.
+
|-
−
CHKNTFS       Displays or modifies the checking of disk at boot time.
+
| BCDEDIT||        Sets properties in boot database to control boot loading.
−
CLS           Clears the screen.
+
|-
−
CMD           Starts a new instance of the Windows command interpreter.
+
| CACLS||          Displays or modifies access control lists (ACLs) of files.
−
COLOR         Sets the default console foreground and background colors.
+
|-
−
COMP           Compares the contents of two files or sets of files.
+
| CALL||            Calls one batch program from another.
−
COMPACT       Displays or alters the compression of files on NTFS partitions.
+
|-
−
CONVERT       Converts FAT volumes to NTFS.  You cannot convert the
+
| CD||              Displays the name of or changes the current directory.
−
              current drive.
+
|-
−
COPY           Copies one or more files to another location.
+
| CHCP||            Displays or sets the active code page number.
−
DATE           Displays or sets the date.
+
|-
−
DEL           Deletes one or more files.
+
| CHDIR||          Displays the name of or changes the current directory.
−
DIR           Displays a list of files and subdirectories in a directory.
+
|-
−
DISKCOMP       Compares the contents of two floppy disks.
+
| CHKDSK||          Checks a disk and displays a status report.||Sometimes used instead of the [[Graphic User Interface| GUI]] check-disk option since it provides information about problems found, and which ones where fixed (if /R is used)
−
DISKCOPY       Copies the contents of one floppy disk to another.
+
|-
−
DISKPART       Displays or configures Disk Partition properties.
+
| CHKNTFS||        Displays or modifies the checking of disk at boot time.
−
DOSKEY         Edits command lines, recalls Windows commands, and  
+
|-
−
              creates macros.
+
| CLS||            Clears the screen.
−
DRIVERQUERY   Displays current device driver status and properties.
+
|-
−
ECHO           Displays messages, or turns command echoing on or off.
+
| CMD||            Starts a new instance of the Windows command interpreter.
−
ENDLOCAL       Ends localization of environment changes in a batch file.
+
|-
−
ERASE         Deletes one or more files.
+
| COLOR||          Sets the default console foreground and background colors.
−
EXIT           Quits the CMD.EXE program (command interpreter).
+
|-
−
FC             Compares two files or sets of files, and displays the  
+
| COMP||            Compares the contents of two files or sets of files.
−
              differences between them.
+
|-
−
FIND           Searches for a text string in a file or files.
+
| COMPACT||        Displays or alters the compression of files on NTFS partitions.
−
FINDSTR       Searches for strings in files.
+
|-
−
FOR           Runs a specified command for each file in a set of files.
+
| CONVERT||        Converts FAT volumes to NTFS.  You cannot convert the current drive.
−
FORMAT         Formats a disk for use with Windows.
+
|-
−
FSUTIL         Displays or configures the file system properties.
+
| COPY||            Copies one or more files to another location.||For more options, see XCOPY
−
FTYPE         Displays or modifies file types used in file extension  
+
|-
−
              associations.
+
| DATE||            Displays or sets the date.
−
GOTO           Directs the Windows command interpreter to a labeled line in  
+
|-
−
              a batch program.
+
| DEL||            Deletes one or more files.||Same as the ERASE command
−
GPRESULT       Displays Group Policy information for machine or user.
+
|-
−
GRAFTABL       Enables Windows to display an extended character set in  
+
| DIR||            Displays a list of files and subdirectories in a directory.||For a more organized layout, use TREE
−
              graphics mode.
+
|-
−
HELP           Provides Help information for Windows commands.
+
| DISKCOMP||        Compares the contents of two floppy disks.
−
ICACLS         Display, modify, backup, or restore ACLs for files and  
+
|-
−
              directories.
+
| DISKCOPY||        Copies the contents of one floppy disk to another.
−
IF             Performs conditional processing in batch programs.
+
|-
−
LABEL         Creates, changes, or deletes the volume label of a disk.
+
| DISKPART||        Displays or configures Disk Partition properties.
−
MD             Creates a directory.
+
|-
−
MKDIR         Creates a directory.
+
| DOSKEY||          Edits command lines, recalls Windows commands, and creates macros.
−
MKLINK         Creates Symbolic Links and Hard Links
+
|-
−
MODE           Configures a system device.
+
| DRIVERQUERY||    Displays current device driver status and properties.
−
MORE           Displays output one screen at a time.
+
|-
−
MOVE           Moves one or more files from one directory to another  
+
| ECHO||            Displays messages, or turns command echoing on or off.
−
              directory.
+
|-
−
OPENFILES     Displays files opened by remote users for a file share.
+
| ENDLOCAL||        Ends localization of environment changes in a batch file.
−
PATH           Displays or sets a search path for executable files.
+
|-
−
PAUSE         Suspends processing of a batch file and displays a message.
+
| ERASE||          Deletes one or more files.||Same as the DEL command
−
POPD           Restores the previous value of the current directory saved by  
+
|-
−
              PUSHD.
+
| EXIT||            Quits the CMD.EXE program (command interpreter).
−
PRINT         Prints a text file.
+
|-
−
PROMPT         Changes the Windows command prompt.
+
| FC||              Compares two files or sets of files, and displays the differences between them.
−
PUSHD         Saves the current directory then changes it.
+
|-
−
RD             Removes a directory.
+
| FIND||            Searches for a text string in a file or files.||For more options, try FINDSTR (below)
−
RECOVER       Recovers readable information from a bad or defective disk.
+
|-
−
REM           Records comments (remarks) in batch files or CONFIG.SYS.
+
| FINDSTR||        Searches for strings in files.
−
REN           Renames a file or files.
+
|-
−
RENAME         Renames a file or files.
+
| FOR||            Runs a specified command for each file in a set of files.
−
REPLACE       Replaces files.
+
|-
−
RMDIR         Removes a directory.
+
| FORMAT||          Formats a disk for use with Windows.
−
ROBOCOPY       Advanced utility to copy files and directory trees
+
|-
−
SET           Displays, sets, or removes Windows environment variables.
+
| FSUTIL||          Displays or configures the file system properties.
−
SETLOCAL       Begins localization of environment changes in a batch file.
+
|-
−
SC             Displays or configures services (background processes).
+
| FTYPE||          Displays or modifies file types used in file extension associations.
−
SCHTASKS       Schedules commands and programs to run on a computer.
+
|-
−
SHIFT         Shifts the position of replaceable parameters in batch files.
+
| GOTO||            Directs the Windows command interpreter to a labeled line in a batch program.
−
SHUTDOWN       Allows proper local or remote shutdown of machine.
+
|-
−
SORT           Sorts input.
+
| GPRESULT||        Displays Group Policy information for machine or user.
−
START         Starts a separate window to run a specified program or command.
+
|-
−
SUBST         Associates a path with a drive letter.
+
| GRAFTABL||        Enables Windows to display an extended character set in graphics mode.
−
SYSTEMINFO     Displays machine specific properties and configuration.
+
|-
−
TASKLIST       Displays all currently running tasks including services.
+
| HELP||            Provides Help information for Windows commands.||This is where most or all of this list came from
−
TASKKILL       Kill or stop a running process or application.
+
|-
−
TIME           Displays or sets the system time.
+
| ICACLS||          Display, modify, backup, or restore ACLs for files and directories.
−
TITLE         Sets the window title for a CMD.EXE session.
+
|-
−
TREE           Graphically displays the directory structure of a drive or  
+
| IF||              Performs conditional processing in batch programs.
−
              path.
+
|-
−
TYPE           Displays the contents of a text file.
+
| LABEL||          Creates, changes, or deletes the volume label of a disk.
−
VER           Displays the Windows version.
+
|-
−
VERIFY         Tells Windows whether to verify that your files are written
+
| MD||              Creates a directory.||Same as MKDIR
−
              correctly to a disk.
+
|-
−
VOL           Displays a disk volume label and serial number.
+
| MKDIR||          Creates a directory.||Same as MD
−
XCOPY         Copies files and directory trees.
+
|-
−
WMIC           Displays WMI information inside interactive command shell.
+
| MKLINK||          Creates Symbolic Links and Hard Links||Same as MD
 +
|-
 +
| MODE||            Configures a system device.
 +
|-
 +
| MORE||            Displays output one screen at a time.||Auto-applies the PAUSE command when the screen fills
 +
|-
 +
| MOVE||            Moves one or more files from one directory to another directory.||XCOPY offers more options
 +
|-
 +
| OPENFILES||      Displays files opened by remote users for a file share.
 +
|-
 +
| PATH||            Displays or sets a search path for executable files.
 +
|-
 +
| PAUSE||          Suspends processing of a batch file and displays a message.
 +
|-
 +
| POPD||            Restores the previous value of the current directory saved by PUSHD.
 +
|-
 +
| PRINT||          Prints a text file (to screen).
 +
|-
 +
| PROMPT||          Changes the Windows command prompt.
 +
|-
 +
| PUSHD||          Saves the current directory then changes it.||Change the working directory
 +
|-
 +
| RD||              Removes a directory.||Use the "/s" switch if it has sub-directories, or this will fail.  Same function as RMDIR
 +
|-
 +
| RECOVER||        Recovers readable information from a bad or defective disk.
 +
|-
 +
| REM||            Records comments (remarks) in batch files or CONFIG.SYS.
 +
|-
 +
| REN||            Renames a file or files.||Same as RENAME (below)
 +
|-
 +
| RENAME||          Renames a file or files.||Same as REN (above)
 +
|-
 +
| REPLACE||        Replaces files.
 +
|-
 +
| RMDIR||          Removes a directory.||Use the "/s" switch if it has sub-directories, or this will fail.  Same function as RD
 +
|-
 +
| ROBOCOPY||        Advanced utility to copy files and directory trees
 +
|-
 +
| SET||            Displays, sets, or removes Windows environment variables.
 +
|-
 +
| SETX||            Set environment variables||Somewhat similar to SET
 +
|-
 +
| SETLOCAL||        Begins localization of environment changes in a batch file.
 +
|-
 +
| SC||              Displays or configures services (background processes).
 +
|-
 +
| SCHTASKS||        Schedules commands and programs to run on a computer.
 +
|-
 +
| SHIFT||          Shifts the position of replaceable parameters in batch files.
 +
|-
 +
| SHUTDOWN||        Allows proper local or remote shutdown, restart, or logoff
 +
|-
 +
| SORT||            Sorts input.
 +
|-
 +
| START||          Starts a separate window to run a specified program or command.
 +
|-
 +
| SUBST||          Associates a path with a drive letter.
 +
|-
 +
| SYSTEMINFO||      Displays machine specific properties and configuration.
 +
|-
 +
| TASKLIST||        Displays all currently running tasks including services.
 +
|-
 +
| TASKKILL||        Kill or stop a running process or application.||Use TASKLIST if you need to check the exact name.  Always include the program file extension, like ".exe"
 +
|-
 +
| TIME||            Displays or sets the system time.||In older [[Windows]] versions, the /d switch would show the date
 +
|-
 +
| TITLE||          Sets the window title for a CMD.EXE session.
 +
|-
 +
| TREE||            Graphically displays the directory structure of a drive or path.||Similar in function to DIR
 +
|-
 +
| TYPE||            Displays the contents of a text file.
 +
|-
 +
| VER||            Displays the Windows version.
 +
|-
 +
| VERIFY||          Tells Windows whether to verify that your files are written correctly to a disk.
 +
|-
 +
| VOL||            Displays a disk volume label and serial number.
 +
|-
 +
| XCOPY||          Copies files and directory trees.||Can be used for move or copy, and offers a lot of options.
 +
|-
 +
| WMIC||            Displays WMI information inside interactive command shell.
 +
|}<ref>[[Windows 7]] Command Prompt - "help" command</ref>
 +
''Most of these and/or other commands specific to your system can be viewed by entering the word "help" into the command-line''
 +
 
 +
For almost any command, one may enter and forward slash followed by a question mark (/?) after a base command to see addition information, generally including a description, syntax, and switches (with a description of each)
 +
 
 +
 
 +
==References==
 +
{{reflist}}
  
−
''These or other commands specific to your system can be viewed by entering the word "help" into the commanldline''
+
==External Links==
 +
[http://ss64.com/nt More complete command list on ss64.com]

Revision as of 20:51, February 2, 2016

Command Prompt is the name for the program provided with the Windows operating system which allows the user to access the computer shell, that is, a text-based (command-line) control system.

One can open the Command Prompt window by clicking the Start button, clicking All Programs, clicking Accessories, and then clicking Command Prompt.[1] Alternatively, "cmd.exe" can be entered into the Run/Search box to start it immediately.

About Commands

These commands are applicable in Windows 7 operating systems and later

Command Function Notes
ASSOC Displays or modifies file extension associations.
ATTRIB Displays or changes file attributes.
BREAK Sets or clears extended CTRL+C checking.
BCDEDIT Sets properties in boot database to control boot loading.
CACLS Displays or modifies access control lists (ACLs) of files.
CALL Calls one batch program from another.
CD Displays the name of or changes the current directory.
CHCP Displays or sets the active code page number.
CHDIR Displays the name of or changes the current directory.
CHKDSK Checks a disk and displays a status report. Sometimes used instead of the GUI check-disk option since it provides information about problems found, and which ones where fixed (if /R is used)
CHKNTFS Displays or modifies the checking of disk at boot time.
CLS Clears the screen.
CMD Starts a new instance of the Windows command interpreter.
COLOR Sets the default console foreground and background colors.
COMP Compares the contents of two files or sets of files.
COMPACT Displays or alters the compression of files on NTFS partitions.
CONVERT Converts FAT volumes to NTFS. You cannot convert the current drive.
COPY Copies one or more files to another location. For more options, see XCOPY
DATE Displays or sets the date.
DEL Deletes one or more files. Same as the ERASE command
DIR Displays a list of files and subdirectories in a directory. For a more organized layout, use TREE
DISKCOMP Compares the contents of two floppy disks.
DISKCOPY Copies the contents of one floppy disk to another.
DISKPART Displays or configures Disk Partition properties.
DOSKEY Edits command lines, recalls Windows commands, and creates macros.
DRIVERQUERY Displays current device driver status and properties.
ECHO Displays messages, or turns command echoing on or off.
ENDLOCAL Ends localization of environment changes in a batch file.
ERASE Deletes one or more files. Same as the DEL command
EXIT Quits the CMD.EXE program (command interpreter).
FC Compares two files or sets of files, and displays the differences between them.
FIND Searches for a text string in a file or files. For more options, try FINDSTR (below)
FINDSTR Searches for strings in files.
FOR Runs a specified command for each file in a set of files.
FORMAT Formats a disk for use with Windows.
FSUTIL Displays or configures the file system properties.
FTYPE Displays or modifies file types used in file extension associations.
GOTO Directs the Windows command interpreter to a labeled line in a batch program.
GPRESULT Displays Group Policy information for machine or user.
GRAFTABL Enables Windows to display an extended character set in graphics mode.
HELP Provides Help information for Windows commands. This is where most or all of this list came from
ICACLS Display, modify, backup, or restore ACLs for files and directories.
IF Performs conditional processing in batch programs.
LABEL Creates, changes, or deletes the volume label of a disk.
MD Creates a directory. Same as MKDIR
MKDIR Creates a directory. Same as MD
MKLINK Creates Symbolic Links and Hard Links Same as MD
MODE Configures a system device.
MORE Displays output one screen at a time. Auto-applies the PAUSE command when the screen fills
MOVE Moves one or more files from one directory to another directory. XCOPY offers more options
OPENFILES Displays files opened by remote users for a file share.
PATH Displays or sets a search path for executable files.
PAUSE Suspends processing of a batch file and displays a message.
POPD Restores the previous value of the current directory saved by PUSHD.
PRINT Prints a text file (to screen).
PROMPT Changes the Windows command prompt.
PUSHD Saves the current directory then changes it. Change the working directory
RD Removes a directory. Use the "/s" switch if it has sub-directories, or this will fail. Same function as RMDIR
RECOVER Recovers readable information from a bad or defective disk.
REM Records comments (remarks) in batch files or CONFIG.SYS.
REN Renames a file or files. Same as RENAME (below)
RENAME Renames a file or files. Same as REN (above)
REPLACE Replaces files.
RMDIR Removes a directory. Use the "/s" switch if it has sub-directories, or this will fail. Same function as RD
ROBOCOPY Advanced utility to copy files and directory trees
SET Displays, sets, or removes Windows environment variables.
SETX Set environment variables Somewhat similar to SET
SETLOCAL Begins localization of environment changes in a batch file.
SC Displays or configures services (background processes).
SCHTASKS Schedules commands and programs to run on a computer.
SHIFT Shifts the position of replaceable parameters in batch files.
SHUTDOWN Allows proper local or remote shutdown, restart, or logoff
SORT Sorts input.
START Starts a separate window to run a specified program or command.
SUBST Associates a path with a drive letter.
SYSTEMINFO Displays machine specific properties and configuration.
TASKLIST Displays all currently running tasks including services.
TASKKILL Kill or stop a running process or application. Use TASKLIST if you need to check the exact name. Always include the program file extension, like ".exe"
TIME Displays or sets the system time. In older Windows versions, the /d switch would show the date
TITLE Sets the window title for a CMD.EXE session.
TREE Graphically displays the directory structure of a drive or path. Similar in function to DIR
TYPE Displays the contents of a text file.
VER Displays the Windows version.
VERIFY Tells Windows whether to verify that your files are written correctly to a disk.
VOL Displays a disk volume label and serial number.
XCOPY Copies files and directory trees. Can be used for move or copy, and offers a lot of options.
WMIC Displays WMI information inside interactive command shell.

[2]

Most of these and/or other commands specific to your system can be viewed by entering the word "help" into the command-line

For almost any command, one may enter and forward slash followed by a question mark (/?) after a base command to see addition information, generally including a description, syntax, and switches (with a description of each)


References

  1. ↑ http://windows.microsoft.com/en-US/windows-vista/Open-a-Command-Prompt-window
  2. ↑ Windows 7 Command Prompt - "help" command

External Links

More complete command list on ss64.com

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