Difference between revisions of "Tobacco"
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| − | '''Tobacco''' is a [[plant]] used for smoking | + | '''Tobacco''' is a [[plant]] used for smoking. Its recreational qualities were discovered by [[Native American]]s and passed on to Europeans after the establishment of [[Jamestown]] in 1607. |
== History == | == History == | ||
Tobacco was exported by [[John Rolfe]], (husband of [[Pocahontas]]). It became known as a [[cash crop]]. The negative effects of tobacco such as [[lung cancer]], [[bronchitis]] and foul breath are widely accepted today. Tobacco companies have genetically modified tobacco plants and added toxic [[chemical]]s to their products to make them more addictive, thus making the modern cigarette much more toxic than the original cultivated plant. | Tobacco was exported by [[John Rolfe]], (husband of [[Pocahontas]]). It became known as a [[cash crop]]. The negative effects of tobacco such as [[lung cancer]], [[bronchitis]] and foul breath are widely accepted today. Tobacco companies have genetically modified tobacco plants and added toxic [[chemical]]s to their products to make them more addictive, thus making the modern cigarette much more toxic than the original cultivated plant. | ||
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| + | == Nicotine == | ||
== Tobacco Products == | == Tobacco Products == | ||
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== Health Effects == | == Health Effects == | ||
| − | It has been estimated that cigarette smoking is responsible for 28% of all deaths in developed countries in the 35-69 age group, as well as 35% of all cancer deaths and 28% of all deaths due to vascular diseases<ref>Hecht, 2006.</ref>. | + | It has been estimated that cigarette smoking is responsible for 28% of all deaths in developed countries in the 35-69 age group, as well as 35% of all cancer deaths and 28% of all deaths due to vascular diseases<ref>Hecht, 2006.</ref>. Smoking increases the risk of oral, pharyngeal, esophageal, laryngeal, lung, uterine, cervical, urinary, and kidney cancers<ref>[http://www.cdc.gov/tobacco/health_effects/cancer.htm</ref>. |
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| + | Coronary heart disease is one of the biggest causes of death in the United States, and is 2-4 more likely in smokers than nonsmokers. Smokers are also 10 times more likely to develop peripheral vascular disease, which is a narrowing of the arteries. Additionally, smokers are twice as vulnerable to a stroke compared with nonsmokers<ref>[http://www.cdc.gov/tobacco/health_effects/heart.htm]</ref> | ||
== Secondhand Smoke == | == Secondhand Smoke == | ||
Revision as of 22:26, April 23, 2007
Tobacco is a plant used for smoking. Its recreational qualities were discovered by Native Americans and passed on to Europeans after the establishment of Jamestown in 1607.
History
Tobacco was exported by John Rolfe, (husband of Pocahontas). It became known as a cash crop. The negative effects of tobacco such as lung cancer, bronchitis and foul breath are widely accepted today. Tobacco companies have genetically modified tobacco plants and added toxic chemicals to their products to make them more addictive, thus making the modern cigarette much more toxic than the original cultivated plant.
Nicotine
Tobacco Products
Cigarettes. Cigarettes are the most commonly used tobacco product. Approximately one of every five American adults is a current smoker[1], and about 438,000 Americans die annually due to the effects of smoking; about 38,000 of these deaths are attributed to secondhand smoke[2]. While the prevalence of smoking has dropped dramatically in the past 50 years, the rate at which the prevalence is decreasing has slowed substantially[3] Additionally, the rate of smoking has been increasing since the mid-1990s[4]. There are nearly 5,000 different chemicals in cigarette smoke, including over 60 carcinogens[5].
Cigars.
Smokeless tobacco.
Health Effects
It has been estimated that cigarette smoking is responsible for 28% of all deaths in developed countries in the 35-69 age group, as well as 35% of all cancer deaths and 28% of all deaths due to vascular diseases[6]. Smoking increases the risk of oral, pharyngeal, esophageal, laryngeal, lung, uterine, cervical, urinary, and kidney cancers[7].
Coronary heart disease is one of the biggest causes of death in the United States, and is 2-4 more likely in smokers than nonsmokers. Smokers are also 10 times more likely to develop peripheral vascular disease, which is a narrowing of the arteries. Additionally, smokers are twice as vulnerable to a stroke compared with nonsmokers[8]
Secondhand Smoke
References
- ↑ Centers for Disease Control (2005). Cigarette smoking among adults - United States, 2004. Morbidity & Mortality Weekly Report, 54', 1121-1124
- ↑ Centers for Disease Control (2005). Annual smoking-attributable mortality, years of potential life lost, and productivity losses - United States, 1997-2001. Morbidity & Mortality Weekly Report, 54, 300-303.
- ↑ Hughes, J. R., & Brandon, T. H. (2003). A softer view of hardening. Nicotine & Tobacco Research, 5, 961-962.
- ↑ Wechsler, H., Rigotti, N., Gledhill-Hoyt, J., & Lee, H. (1998). Increased levels of cigarette use among college students: A cause for national concern. Journal of the American Medical Association, 280, 1673-1678.
- ↑ Hecht, S. (2006). Cigarette smoking: Cancer risks, carcinogens, and mechanisms. Archives of Surgery, 391, 603-613
- ↑ Hecht, 2006.
- ↑ [http://www.cdc.gov/tobacco/health_effects/cancer.htm
- ↑ [1]