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On July 13, 1787, the [[Northwest Ordinance]] was adopted by the American [[Second Continental Congress]], which created a provisional government over the land northwest of the [[Ohio River]], including present-day Wisconsin.<ref name="Northwest1787">[http://www.wisconsinhistory.org/turningpoints/tp-009/?action=more_essay The Northwest Ordinance, 1787]. ''Wisconsin Historical Society''. Retrieved November 22, 2016.</ref> [[Slavery]] was prohibited in this territory.<ref name="Northwest1787"/> Wisconsin only saw one conflict on its territory during the [[War of 1812]] at Fort Shelby on St. Feriole Island at Prairie du Chien in 1814.<ref>[http://www.wisconsinhistory.org/turningpoints/tp-010/?action=more_essay The War of 1812]. ''Wisconsin Historical Society''. Retrieved November 22, 2016.</ref> Several battles of the 1832 [[Black Hawk War]], including the [[Battle of Wisconsin Heights]], were fought in Wisconsin.<ref>[http://www.wisconsinhistory.org/turningpoints/tp-012/?action=more_essay The Black Hawk War]. ''Wisconsin Historical Society''. Retrieved November 22, 2016.</ref>

On July 13, 1787, the [[Northwest Ordinance]] was adopted by the American [[Second Continental Congress]], which created a provisional government over the land northwest of the [[Ohio River]], including present-day Wisconsin.<ref name="Northwest1787">[http://www.wisconsinhistory.org/turningpoints/tp-009/?action=more_essay The Northwest Ordinance, 1787]. ''Wisconsin Historical Society''. Retrieved November 22, 2016.</ref> [[Slavery]] was prohibited in this territory.<ref name="Northwest1787"/> Wisconsin only saw one conflict on its territory during the [[War of 1812]] at Fort Shelby on St. Feriole Island at Prairie du Chien in 1814.<ref>[http://www.wisconsinhistory.org/turningpoints/tp-010/?action=more_essay The War of 1812]. ''Wisconsin Historical Society''. Retrieved November 22, 2016.</ref> Several battles of the 1832 [[Black Hawk War]], including the [[Battle of Wisconsin Heights]], were fought in Wisconsin.<ref>[http://www.wisconsinhistory.org/turningpoints/tp-012/?action=more_essay The Black Hawk War]. ''Wisconsin Historical Society''. Retrieved November 22, 2016.</ref>

A major survey of Wisconsin began in 1832 in order to measure and subdivide the land, and this would not be complete until 1866.<ref name="Northwest1787"/>

During the first half of the 19th Century, natives lost control over Wisconsin land and whites settled the land.<ref>[http://www.wisconsinhistory.org/turningpoints/tp-013/?action=more_essay Treaty Councils, from Prairie du Chien to Madeline Island]. ''Wisconsin Historical Society''. Retrieved November 22, 2016.</ref><ref>[http://www.wisconsinhistory.org/turningpoints/tp-011/?action=more_essay Early U.S. Settlement]. ''Wisconsin Historical Society''. Retrieved November 22, 2016.</ref> A major survey of Wisconsin began in 1832 in order to measure and subdivide the land, and this would not be complete until 1866.<ref name="Northwest1787"/> On July 4, 1836, due to sufficient population growth, Wisconsin Territory was formed, created out of Michigan Territory.<ref>[http://www.wisconsinhistory.org/turningpoints/tp-014/?action=more_essay The Creation of Wisconsin Territory]. ''Wisconsin Historical Society''. Retrieved November 22, 2016.</ref>

 

In 1846, Wisconsin voters passed a referendum to become a U.S. state.<ref name="WSconstitution">[http://www.wisconsinhistory.org/turningpoints/tp-015/?action=more_essay The State Constitutions of 1846 and 1848]. ''Wisconsin Historical Society''. Retrieved November 22, 2016.</ref> A constitutional convention met in [[Madison, Wisconsin]], drafting a very "advanced and progressive" constitution in December 1846 that included several controversial measures, such as allowing immigrants who applied for citizenship to vote and black suffrage.<ref name="WSconstitution"/> The proposed constitution was defeated in an April 1847 referendum, and a new convention drafted "a more acceptable and moderate" constitution, which was accepted by the voters in March of 1848.<ref name="WSconstitution"/> Wisconsin was admitted into the Union as the 30th state on May 29, 1848.<ref>[http://www.history.com/this-day-in-history/wisconsin-enters-the-union Wisconsin enters the Union - This Day in History]. ''History.com''. Retrieved November 22, 2016.</ref>

The state attracted fur trappers before the American Revolution, and enjoyed a lead mining boom in the 1830s. Wisconsin was a mining state before it was a farm state. Metallic lead could be picked up from the ground without digging. Cornish miners (from Britain) were some of the earliest European settlers of the state.<ref>[http://www.wisconsinhistory.org/turningpoints/tp-026/?action=more_essay Lead Mining in Southwestern Wisconsin]</ref>  

The state attracted fur trappers before the American Revolution, and enjoyed a lead mining boom in the 1830s. Wisconsin was a mining state before it was a farm state. Metallic lead could be picked up from the ground without digging. Cornish miners (from Britain) were some of the earliest European settlers of the state.<ref>[http://www.wisconsinhistory.org/turningpoints/tp-026/?action=more_essay Lead Mining in Southwestern Wisconsin]</ref>