Difference between revisions of "Past participle"
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| − | A '''past participle''' is the form of | + | A '''past [[participle]]''' is used to indicate the past or a completed action or time. it is formed by adding "-d" or "-ed", to the base form of [[regular verb]]s, but can be formed in other ways for [[irregular verb]]s. |
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| + | For example, in the sentence 'I have swallowed a button', ''swallowed'' is a past participle of the regular verb "swallow". | ||
| + | |||
| + | Examples of how the past participle is formed for irregular verbs are as follows: | ||
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| + | {| border="0" cellspacing="2px" cellpadding="2px" width="20%" | ||
| + | |- | ||
| + | |-valign=top align="left" | ||
| + | |'''Base form''' | ||
| + | |'''Past participle''' | ||
| + | |-valign=top align="left" | ||
| + | |know | ||
| + | |known | ||
| + | |-valign=top align="left" | ||
| + | |eat | ||
| + | |eaten | ||
| + | |-valign=top align="left" | ||
| + | |become | ||
| + | |become | ||
| + | |-valign=top align="left" | ||
| + | |fly | ||
| + | |flown | ||
| + | |} | ||
| + | |||
| + | There are no hard-and-fast rules for the past participle of irregular verbs, unfortunately, which means that their various forms have to be memorised.<br> | ||
| + | |||
| + | The past participle can be used as follows: | ||
| + | |||
| + | * Participial phrases | ||
| + | |||
| + | :Based on the results of the examination, Mark changed his plans. | ||
| + | |||
| + | * Participial adjectives | ||
| + | |||
| + | :The teacher was determined to finish the chapter. | ||
| + | |||
| + | * Using the perfect tenses | ||
| + | |||
| + | :I have stayed there many times before. | ||
| + | |||
| + | * using the [[passive voice]] | ||
| + | |||
| + | :The shop was closed by the time we arrived. | ||
| + | |||
| + | |||
| + | [[Category:Grammar]] | ||
Latest revision as of 05:35, February 16, 2017
A past participle is used to indicate the past or a completed action or time. it is formed by adding "-d" or "-ed", to the base form of regular verbs, but can be formed in other ways for irregular verbs.
For example, in the sentence 'I have swallowed a button', swallowed is a past participle of the regular verb "swallow".
Examples of how the past participle is formed for irregular verbs are as follows:
| Base form | Past participle |
| know | known |
| eat | eaten |
| become | become |
| fly | flown |
There are no hard-and-fast rules for the past participle of irregular verbs, unfortunately, which means that their various forms have to be memorised.
The past participle can be used as follows:
- Participial phrases
- Based on the results of the examination, Mark changed his plans.
- Participial adjectives
- The teacher was determined to finish the chapter.
- Using the perfect tenses
- I have stayed there many times before.
- using the passive voice
- The shop was closed by the time we arrived.