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The '''Talmud''' (Hebrew: '''תלמוד''') (also "Gemara" גמרא) is one of the central documents in [[Judaism]]. It is a series of rabbinical discussions based on the [[Mishna]], and, in [[Judaism]], is considered part of the Oral law that was given to [[Moses]] along with the written [[Torah]]. However, there is some indication that the Talmud was intended to supplant God's laws in the Torah.<ref>http://revisionisthistory.org/talmudtruth.html</ref>

The '''Talmud''' (Hebrew: '''תלמוד''') (also "Gemara" גמרא) is one of the central documents in [[Judaism]]. It is a series of rabbinical discussions based on the [[Mishna]], and, in [[Judaism]], is considered part of the Oral law that was given to [[Moses]] along with the written [[Torah]]. However, there is some indication that the Talmud was intended to supplant God's laws in the Torah.<ref>http://revisionisthistory.org/talmudtruth.html</ref>

Modern editions of the Talmud (most of which printed from plates of a [[Medieval]] Italian edition) consist of the Mishna, the Gemara, and the commentaries of various scholars. The Mishna was recorded in [[Hebrew]] by a Rabbi named Yehudah HaNasi ("Judah the Prince") around 200 AD. He realized that the oral traditions were in danger of being lost after the destruction of the [[Second Temple]] in Jerusalem. The longer part of the Talmud, the Gemara, records ongoing discussions and debates among Rabbis over the three centuries following the creation of the Mishna. It is written in [[Aramaic]].  

Modern editions of the Talmud (most of which printed from plates of a [[Medieval]] Italian edition) consist of the Mishna, the Gemara, and the commentaries of various scholars. The Mishna was recorded in [[Hebrew]] by a Rabbi named Yehudah HaNasi ("Judah the Prince") around [[Anno Domini|A.D.]] 200. He realized that the oral traditions were in danger of being lost after the destruction of the [[Second Temple]] in Jerusalem. The longer part of the Talmud, the Gemara, records ongoing discussions and debates among Rabbis over the three centuries following the creation of the Mishna. It is written in [[Aramaic]].  

For a thousand years, the Talmud was preserved in hand-scribed editions. A printed edition was made not long after the invention of movable type. The standard Vilna edition of the Talmud encompasses 2711 large two-sided pages, or folios. The text of the Mishna is interspersed with the Gemara that comments on it. Both texts are surrounded on the printed page with later commentaries.

For a thousand years, the Talmud was preserved in hand-scribed editions. A printed edition was made not long after the invention of movable type. The standard Vilna edition of the Talmud encompasses 2711 large two-sided pages, or folios. The text of the Mishna is interspersed with the Gemara that comments on it. Both texts are surrounded on the printed page with later commentaries.