Difference between revisions of "House of Romanov"

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*Maria Vladimirovna (1992-present) [disputed], daughter of Vladimir
 
*Maria Vladimirovna (1992-present) [disputed], daughter of Vladimir
  
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In 1948, Vladimir married Princess Leonida Bagration-Mukhransky in Lausanne. The Bagrations are the former ruling family of Georgia, a republic in the Caucasus. In 1969, Vladimir issued a proclamation which declared that the marriages of other Romanov dynasts were not "equal" according to the rules of the House. They had married members of non-ruling noble families.<ref name="Massie">Massie, Robert K., ''The Romanovs: The Final Chapter'', 1995, p. 282.</ref>
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In 1948, Vladimir married Princess Leonida Bagration-Mukhransky in Lausanne. The House of Bagration is one of the world's oldest ruling families, ruling Georgia from 813 to 1801.<ref>Only the Japanese Imperial family is older. Russia and Georgia made a treaty affirming the status of the Bagrations in 1783: ‘Her Imperial Majesty (Catherine II), graciously accept in supreme power and protection over the Kingdoms of Kartli and Kakheti, promises in Her name and in the name of Her Heirs… to preserve forever on the Throne of the Kingdoms of Kartli and Kakhety [Georgia] the Serene Tsar Irakly, son of Theimouraz, and his Heirs and Descendants.’ Quoted by Brien Horan in "[https://www.russianlegitimist.org/russian-imperial-succession The Russian Imperial Succession]."</ref> In 1969, Vladimir issued a proclamation which declared that the marriages of other Romanov dynasts were not "equal" according to the rules of the House of Romanov. They had married members of non-ruling noble families.<ref name="Massie">Massie, Robert K., ''The Romanovs: The Final Chapter'', 1995, p. 282.</ref>
  
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Infighting came to a boil in 1976 at the wedding of Maria Vladimirovna, Vladimir's daughter, and Franz Wilhelm of Prussia, a Hohenzollern prince. The slighted Romanovs formed the Romanov Family Association in 1979. The association included almost all the surviving Romanovs aside from Vladimir and Maria. As the Bagrations had been incorporated into the Russian nobility, Vladimir's own marriage was unequal, the association argued. Maria was thus not eligible to succeed. The association called for the dynasty's rules on equal and unequal marriages to be revised.<ref name="Massie"/>
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Tensions between the two Romanov factions flared in 1976 at the wedding of Maria Vladimirovna, Vladimir's daughter, and Franz Wilhelm of Prussia, a Hohenzollern prince. The slighted Romanovs formed the Romanov Family Association in 1979. This association included almost all the surviving Romanovs aside from Vladimir and Maria. As the Bagrations had been incorporated into the Russian nobility, Vladimir's own marriage was unequal, the association argued. Maria was thus not eligible to succeed. The association called for the dynasty's rules on equal and unequal marriages to be revised.<ref name="Massie"/>
  
 
When Vladimir died in Florida in 1992, Maria claimed the right to succeed as the only child of the last male Romanov dynast. ''Almanach de Gotha'' has refused to recognize this claim even though no other candidate is genealogically plausible.<ref>''Gotha'' describes Vladimir as, "the last Head of the Imperial House of Russia."  (James, John. ''Almanach de Gotha,'' 2016)</ref>
 
When Vladimir died in Florida in 1992, Maria claimed the right to succeed as the only child of the last male Romanov dynast. ''Almanach de Gotha'' has refused to recognize this claim even though no other candidate is genealogically plausible.<ref>''Gotha'' describes Vladimir as, "the last Head of the Imperial House of Russia."  (James, John. ''Almanach de Gotha,'' 2016)</ref>

Revision as of 05:47, May 24, 2021

The House of Romanov was the ruling family of Russia from 1613 to 1917. The first Romanov tsar was Michael I. His line ended with Empress Elizabeth, who died 1762. The succeeding Holstein-Gottorp-Romanov line was renamed as "Romanov" and is generally treated as a continuation of the dynasty. The last tsar was Nicholas II, who abdicated in 1917 at the start of the Russian Revolution.

Tsars of Russia (1613-1917)

  • Michael (r. 1613 - 1645), son of the patriarch of Moscow. He was chosen tsar by a Zemsky Sobor (assembly of the land).
  • Alexis (r. 1645 - 1676)
  • Feodor III (r. 1676 - 1682)
  • Ivan V (r. 1682 - 1696)
  • Peter I (r. 1682 - 1725), byname "Peter the Great." First tsar to be proclaimed emperor (1721). The succession law of 1722 provides that a tsar name his successor.
  • Catherine I (r. 1725 - 1727, co reigned from 1724 - 1725)
  • Anna of Russia (r. 1730 - 1740)
  • Ivan VI (r. 1740 - 1741)
  • Elizabeth (r. 1741 - 1762)

House of Holstein-Gottorp-Romanov

  • Peter III (r. 1762 - 1762), son of Anna, daughter of Peter I, and Charles Frederick, duke of Holstein-Gottorp.
  • Catherine II (r. 1762 - 1796), wife of Peter III.
  • Paul (r. 1796 - 1801). Issued the Pauline Law in 1797. This law provides for succession by primogeniture among "dynasts" recognized by the imperial court.
  • Alexander I (r. 1801 - 1825) Victory over Napoleon in 1812 made Russia a European superpower.
  • Nicholas I (r. 1825 - 1855) The Decemberist revolt in 1825 and the Crimean War of 1853-1856 created interest in reform.
  • Alexander II (r. 1855 - 1881), the "tsar liberator" who emancipated the serfs in 1861.
  • Alexander III (r. 1881 - 1894) Sergei Witte supervised railway construction and encouraged foreign investment, which led to an industrial revolution.
  • Nicholas II (r. 1894 - 1917) The autocratic power of the tsar was limited by a parliament called the Duma, which was created in 1906. The country was defeated by Germany in World War I. The Russian Revolution ousted the tsar in 1917.

Heads of the House of Romanov (1917-1992)

  • Tsar Nicholas II (1917-1918) (after abdication)
  • Grand Duke Kirill Vladimirovich (1918-1938). Proclaimed "curator of the throne" in 1922 and "emperor" in 1924.
  • Vladimir Kirillovich (1938-1992), son of Kirill.
  • Maria Vladimirovna (1992-present) [disputed], daughter of Vladimir

In 1948, Vladimir married Princess Leonida Bagration-Mukhransky in Lausanne. The House of Bagration is one of the world's oldest ruling families, ruling Georgia from 813 to 1801.[1] In 1969, Vladimir issued a proclamation which declared that the marriages of other Romanov dynasts were not "equal" according to the rules of the House of Romanov. They had married members of non-ruling noble families.[2]

Tensions between the two Romanov factions flared in 1976 at the wedding of Maria Vladimirovna, Vladimir's daughter, and Franz Wilhelm of Prussia, a Hohenzollern prince. The slighted Romanovs formed the Romanov Family Association in 1979. This association included almost all the surviving Romanovs aside from Vladimir and Maria. As the Bagrations had been incorporated into the Russian nobility, Vladimir's own marriage was unequal, the association argued. Maria was thus not eligible to succeed. The association called for the dynasty's rules on equal and unequal marriages to be revised.[2]

When Vladimir died in Florida in 1992, Maria claimed the right to succeed as the only child of the last male Romanov dynast. Almanach de Gotha has refused to recognize this claim even though no other candidate is genealogically plausible.[3]

Reference

  1. ↑ Only the Japanese Imperial family is older. Russia and Georgia made a treaty affirming the status of the Bagrations in 1783: ‘Her Imperial Majesty (Catherine II), graciously accept in supreme power and protection over the Kingdoms of Kartli and Kakheti, promises in Her name and in the name of Her Heirs… to preserve forever on the Throne of the Kingdoms of Kartli and Kakhety [Georgia] the Serene Tsar Irakly, son of Theimouraz, and his Heirs and Descendants.’ Quoted by Brien Horan in "The Russian Imperial Succession."
  2. ↑ 2.0 2.1 Massie, Robert K., The Romanovs: The Final Chapter, 1995, p. 282.
  3. ↑ Gotha describes Vladimir as, "the last Head of the Imperial House of Russia." (James, John. Almanach de Gotha, 2016)
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