Difference between revisions of "Henry Dawes"
m |
|||
| Line 7: | Line 7: | ||
===U.S. House of Representatives=== | ===U.S. House of Representatives=== | ||
Dawes ran for U.S. House in 1856, facing Democrat Josiah D. Weston and [[Know Nothing]] incumbent Mark Trafton in the general election. He emerged victorious garnering a plurality of 44% of the vote, while his opponents each polled around 28%.<ref>[https://www.ourcampaigns.com/RaceDetail.html?RaceID=727758 MA District 11 Race - Nov 04, 1856]. ''Our Campaigns''. Retrieved December 5, 2021.</ref> He continued to be re-elected eight times, solidifying double-digit victory margins except for the 1870 midterms.<ref name=ourcampaignsprofile>[https://www.ourcampaigns.com/CandidateDetail.html?CandidateID=173237 Candidate - Henry Laurens Dawes]. ''Our Campaigns''. Retrieved December 5, 2021.</ref> | Dawes ran for U.S. House in 1856, facing Democrat Josiah D. Weston and [[Know Nothing]] incumbent Mark Trafton in the general election. He emerged victorious garnering a plurality of 44% of the vote, while his opponents each polled around 28%.<ref>[https://www.ourcampaigns.com/RaceDetail.html?RaceID=727758 MA District 11 Race - Nov 04, 1856]. ''Our Campaigns''. Retrieved December 5, 2021.</ref> He continued to be re-elected eight times, solidifying double-digit victory margins except for the 1870 midterms.<ref name=ourcampaignsprofile>[https://www.ourcampaigns.com/CandidateDetail.html?CandidateID=173237 Candidate - Henry Laurens Dawes]. ''Our Campaigns''. Retrieved December 5, 2021.</ref> | ||
| + | |||
| + | During the presidency of [[Rutherford B. Hayes]], the main beneficiary of the Compromise of 1877 who abandoned Southern blacks and paved for the rise of [[Jim Crow]], Dawes was a leader of congressional [[Half-Breeds]] within the Republican Party allied with Hayes' support for civil service reform.<ref>Welch, Richard E., Jr. (1968). [https://vermonthistory.org/journal/misc/GeorgeEdmunds.pdf George Edmunds of Vermont: Republican Half-Breed]. ''Vermont History''. Retrieved December 5, 2021.</ref> | ||
In the House, Dawes would over time solidify seniority powers, which he utilized to spearhead anti-slavery bills.<ref name=encyclopedia.combio/> He also strongly backed protective [[tariff]]s to bolster the domestic textile industry, and pushed for legislation that provided weather reports.<ref name=encyclopedia.combio/> | In the House, Dawes would over time solidify seniority powers, which he utilized to spearhead anti-slavery bills.<ref name=encyclopedia.combio/> He also strongly backed protective [[tariff]]s to bolster the domestic textile industry, and pushed for legislation that provided weather reports.<ref name=encyclopedia.combio/> | ||
Revision as of 16:11, December 5, 2021
Henry Laurens Dawes, Sr. (October 30, 1816 – February 5, 1903) was an attorney and Republican senator from Massachusetts who served from 1875 to 1893. He was previously a congressman for nearly two decades, and served in the state legislature prior to that.
Background
Dawes was born near Cummington, Massachusetts[1] to Mitchell Dawes and the former Mercy Burgess. After enrolling in public schools and receiving additional learning in preparatory schools, Dawes attended Yale College, where he graduated in 1839. After admission to the bar three years later, he commenced practice.
Political career
U.S. House of Representatives
Dawes ran for U.S. House in 1856, facing Democrat Josiah D. Weston and Know Nothing incumbent Mark Trafton in the general election. He emerged victorious garnering a plurality of 44% of the vote, while his opponents each polled around 28%.[2] He continued to be re-elected eight times, solidifying double-digit victory margins except for the 1870 midterms.[3]
During the presidency of Rutherford B. Hayes, the main beneficiary of the Compromise of 1877 who abandoned Southern blacks and paved for the rise of Jim Crow, Dawes was a leader of congressional Half-Breeds within the Republican Party allied with Hayes' support for civil service reform.[4]
In the House, Dawes would over time solidify seniority powers, which he utilized to spearhead anti-slavery bills.[1] He also strongly backed protective tariffs to bolster the domestic textile industry, and pushed for legislation that provided weather reports.[1]
U.S. Senate
In the 1874 midterm elections, Dawes successfully ran for U.S. Senate,[5] where he was re-elected twice.[3]
The chairman of the Senate Committee on Indian Affairs,[1] he is known for introducing the Dawes Severalty Act of 1887 which permitted the federal government to seize tribal lands and compel Native Americans to assimilate into American society.[6] The bill was signed into law by President Grover Cleveland.
References
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.3 Henry Laurens Dawes. Encyclopedia.com. Retrieved December 5, 2021.
- ↑ MA District 11 Race - Nov 04, 1856. Our Campaigns. Retrieved December 5, 2021.
- ↑ 3.0 3.1 Candidate - Henry Laurens Dawes. Our Campaigns. Retrieved December 5, 2021.
- ↑ Welch, Richard E., Jr. (1968). George Edmunds of Vermont: Republican Half-Breed. Vermont History. Retrieved December 5, 2021.
- ↑ MA US Senate Race - Nov 03, 1874. Our Campaigns. Retrieved December 5, 2021.
- ↑ The Dawes Act. National Park Service. Retrieved December 5, 2021.