Changes

===New Deal===

===New Deal===

The welfare programs in the U.S. are distinctly smaller and less costly than in Europe.  They were first set up by the [[New Deal]] in the 1930s, especially [[Social Security]] and [[Unemployment insurance]]. [[Medicare]] and [[Medicaid]] were added in 1965. Republican President [[George W. Bush]] added a major drug benefit in 2002.

The welfare programs in the U.S. are distinctly smaller and less costly than in Europe.  They were first set up by the [[New Deal]] in the 1930s, especially [[Social Security]] and [[unemployment]] insurance. [[Medicare]] and [[Medicaid]] were added in 1965. Republican President [[George W. Bush]] added a major drug benefit in 2002.

===Reform===

===Reform===

The major U.S. welfare reduction came in 1996, when President [[Bill Clinton]] and House Speaker [[Newt Gingrich]] (the leading conservative of the era), formed a coalition to pass the [[Personal Responsibility and Work Opportunity Reconciliation Act of 1996]]. It ended the generous benefits to welfare mothers and require them to take jobs.  The change enacted were implemented and reauthorized during the Bush administration. They involved the move away from cash assistance and toward social services or work activity assistance.<ref>Scott W. Allard, "The Changing Face of Welfare During the Bush Administration," ''Publius: the Journal of Federalism'' 2007 37(3): 304-332 in [[EBSCO]]</ref>   

The major U.S. welfare reduction came in 1996, when President [[Bill Clinton]] and House Speaker [[Newt Gingrich]] (the leading conservative of the era), formed a coalition to pass the [[Personal Responsibility and Work Opportunity Reconciliation Act of 1996]]. It ended the generous benefits to welfare mothers and require them to take jobs.  The change enacted were implemented and reauthorized during the Bush administration. They involved the move away from cash assistance and toward social services or work activity assistance.<ref>Scott W. Allard, "The Changing Face of Welfare During the Bush Administration," ''Publius: the Journal of Federalism'' 2007 37(3): 304-332 in [[EBSCO]]</ref>   

The reductions of 1996 ended the AFDC (Aid to Families with Dependent Children) and radically changed the US welfare system. Tighter restrictions were placed on the eligibility and manner of receiving public aid in order to discourage families (mainly single, divorced, or widowed mothers with children)<ref>[http://futureofchildren.org]</ref> from remaining idle (outside of the work force). For instance, recipients are required to find employment within two years of receiving aid, and a single family could receive aid for a total of five years. If a mother gives birth to a child while on public assistance, states are allowed to establish "family caps" in order to deny further benefits the family may have been eligible for before the reform.<ref>[http://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-srv/politics/special/welfare/welfare.htm#new Washington Post]</ref> Legal immigrants have also been made ineligible for any Social Security Income (SSI).<ref>Cornell University Law School</ref><ref>[http://topics.law.cornell.edu/wex/welfare]</ref>  

The reductions of 1996 ended the AFDC (Aid to Families with Dependent Children) and radically changed the US welfare system. Tighter restrictions were placed on the eligibility and manner of receiving public aid in order to discourage families (mainly single, divorced, or widowed mothers with children)<ref>[http://futureofchildren.org]</ref> from remaining idle (outside of the work force). For instance, recipients are required to find employment within two years of receiving aid, and a single family could receive aid for a total of five years. If a mother gives birth to a child while on public assistance, states are allowed to establish "family caps" in order to deny further benefits the family may have been eligible for before the reform.<ref>[https://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-srv/politics/special/welfare/welfare.htm#new Washington Post]</ref> Legal immigrants have also been made ineligible for any Social Security Income (SSI).<ref>Cornell University Law School</ref><ref>[http://topics.law.cornell.edu/wex/welfare]</ref>  

The concept of "charitable choice" was part of the comprehensive law of 1996 which advocates called “welfare reform.” Its goal is the inclusion of religious organizations ("faith-based-organizations") into the public welfare system. The new role of religious organizations as social service providers – which is in line with the fundamentally charitable nature of faith – goes along with a shift in ideas of social inequality and deviant behavior in terms of having not only structural and economic but also behavioral and moral reasons for faith-based organizations to handle welfare.<ref>Alexander-Kenneth Nagel, "Charitable Choice: the Religious Component of the US-welfare-reform - Theoretical and Methodological Reflections on "Faith-based-organizations" as Social Service Agencies," ''Numen: International Review for the History of Religions'' 2006 53(1): 78-111,</ref>   

The concept of "charitable choice" was part of the comprehensive law of 1996 which advocates called “welfare reform.” Its goal is the inclusion of religious organizations ("faith-based-organizations") into the public welfare system. The new role of religious organizations as social service providers – which is in line with the fundamentally charitable nature of faith – goes along with a shift in ideas of social inequality and deviant behavior in terms of having not only structural and economic but also behavioral and moral reasons for faith-based organizations to handle welfare.<ref>Alexander-Kenneth Nagel, "Charitable Choice: the Religious Component of the US-welfare-reform - Theoretical and Methodological Reflections on "Faith-based-organizations" as Social Service Agencies," ''Numen: International Review for the History of Religions'' 2006 53(1): 78-111,</ref>   

* "Of all [[tyranny|tyrannies]], a [[socialism|tyranny]] exercised for the good of its victims may be the most [[:Category:Oppression|oppressive]]. It may be better to live under robber barons than under omnipotent moral [[liberals|busybodies]]. The robber baron’s cruelty may sometimes sleep, his cupidity may at some point be satiated; but those who torment us for our own good will torment us without end, for they do so with the approval of their own conscience." – [[C. S. Lewis]]

* "Of all [[tyranny|tyrannies]], a [[socialism|tyranny]] exercised for the good of its victims may be the most [[:Category:Oppression|oppressive]]. It may be better to live under robber barons than under omnipotent moral [[liberals|busybodies]]. The robber baron’s cruelty may sometimes sleep, his cupidity may at some point be satiated; but those who torment us for our own good will torment us without end, for they do so with the approval of their own conscience." – [[C. S. Lewis]]

* "There is no worse [[tyranny]] than to force a man to pay for what he does not want merely because you think it would be good for him." - [[Robert Heinlein]], ''[[The Moon Is a Harsh Mistress]]''

* "There is no worse [[tyranny]] than to force a man to pay for what he does not want merely because you think it would be good for him." - [[Robert Heinlein]], ''The Moon Is a Harsh Mistress''

* "The human race divides [[political]]ly into those who [[police state|want people to be controlled]] and [[libertarian|those who have no such desire]].” - Robert Heinlein

* "The human race divides [[political]]ly into those who [[police state|want people to be controlled]] and [[libertarian|those who have no such desire]].” - Robert Heinlein

* "[[African American|Black America]] Must Reject the [[Nanny state|welfare state]]." Carson says [[Obama]] is turning America into a “[[third world]] nation” by creating unsustainable levels of [[National debt|federal government debt]]".<ref>[http://www.teapartycrusaders.com/u-s-politics/dr-carson-black-america-must-reject-welfare-state Dr. Carson says Black Americans Must Reject the Welfare State]. [[Tea Party Crusaders]], Accessed January 22, 2015.</ref> - Dr. [[Ben Carson]]

* "[[African American|Black America]] Must Reject the [[Nanny state|welfare state]]." Carson says [[Obama]] is turning America into a “[[third world]] nation” by creating unsustainable levels of [[National debt|federal government debt]]".<ref>[http://www.teapartycrusaders.com/u-s-politics/dr-carson-black-america-must-reject-welfare-state Dr. Carson says Black Americans Must Reject the Welfare State]. Tea Party Crusaders, Accessed January 22, 2015.</ref> - Dr. [[Ben Carson]]

* "In politics, few talents are as richly rewarded as the ability to convince parasites that they are victims. Welfare states on both sides of the Atlantic have discovered that [[income redistribution|largesse]] to [[entitlement mentality|losers]] does not reduce their [[culture war|hostility]] to [[society]], but only increases it. Far from producing gratitude, generosity is seen as an admission of guilt, and the reparations as inadequate compensation for injustices – leading to worsening behavior by the recipients." - Dr. [[Thomas Sowell]]

* "In politics, few talents are as richly rewarded as the ability to convince parasites that they are victims. Welfare states on both sides of the Atlantic have discovered that [[income redistribution|largesse]] to [[entitlement mentality|losers]] does not reduce their [[culture war|hostility]] to [[society]], but only increases it. Far from producing gratitude, generosity is seen as an admission of guilt, and the [[reparations]] as inadequate compensation for injustices – leading to worsening behavior by the recipients." - Dr. [[Thomas Sowell]]

==See also==

==See also==

* [[Big government]] [[liberal]] Welfare state leads to [[socialist]] [[Nanny state]], leads to [[communist]] [[Police state]]

* [[Big government]] [[liberal]] Welfare state leads to [[socialist]] [[Nanny state]], leads to [[communist]] [[Police state]]

* [[Liberal totalitarianism]]

* [[Liberal totalitarianism]]

==External links==

==External links==

* [http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=yn2Rz3CuE_o]

* [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=yn2Rz3CuE_o]

==Further reading==

==Further reading==

* Murray, Charles. ''In Our Hands : A Plan To Replace The Welfare State'' (2006) [http://www.amazon.com/Our-Hands-Replace-Welfare-State/dp/0844742236/ref=sr_1_4?ie=UTF8&s=books&qid=1256564113&sr=1-4 excerpt and text search]

* Murray, Charles. ''In Our Hands : A Plan To Replace The Welfare State'' (2006) [https://www.amazon.com/Our-Hands-Replace-Welfare-State/dp/0844742236/ref=sr_1_4?ie=UTF8&s=books&qid=1256564113&sr=1-4 excerpt and text search]

* Trattner, Walter I. ''From Poor Law to Welfare State: A History of Social Welfare in America'' (6th ed. 1998), standard scholarly history [http://www.amazon.com/Poor-Law-Welfare-State-6th/dp/0684854716/ref=sr_1_1?ie=UTF8&s=books&qid=1256564113&sr=1-1 excerpt and text search]

* Trattner, Walter I. ''From Poor Law to Welfare State: A History of Social Welfare in America'' (6th ed. 1998), standard scholarly history [https://www.amazon.com/Poor-Law-Welfare-State-6th/dp/0684854716/ref=sr_1_1?ie=UTF8&s=books&qid=1256564113&sr=1-1 excerpt and text search]

 

==References==

==References==

{{reflist|2}}

{{reflist}}

[[Category:Welfare State]]

[[Category:Welfare State]]

[[Category:Liberalism]]

[[Category:Liberalism]]