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'''Ivan IV''' (1530–1584) was the first [[Tsar]] of [[Russia]], he was called "the terrible", which back then, meant "extraordinary" or "awesome". In 1533, he took the throne at age 13, went from grand prince to the first to take the title czar in 1547, and reigned till he died in 1584, having Russia's longest reign at 51 years.

'''Ivan IV''' (1530–1584) was the first [[Russian]] ruler to call himself [[Tsar]] (''Latin: Ceasar''), he was called "the terrible", which back then, meant "extraordinary" or "awesome". In 1533, he took the throne at age 13, went from grand prince to the first to take the title czar in 1547, and reigned till he died in 1584, having Russia's longest reign at 51 years.

[[File:Image of Edessa.jpg|right|300px|thumb|The [[Image of Edessa]], the "All-Merciful Savior" flag with which Czar Ivan IV's troops went to [[Kazan]] in 1552.]]

[[File:Image of Edessa.jpg|right|300px|thumb|The [[Image of Edessa]], the "All-Merciful Savior" flag with which Czar Ivan IV's troops went to [[Kazan]] in 1552.]]

Ivan only lost two wars, which were the Livonian War and the [[Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth]] War. According to Russian sources, traditionalist Czar Ivan IV "the Terrible" was not as tyrannical as often portrayed.<ref>[https://topwar.ru/12538-chto-zhe-na-samom-dele-proizoshlo-s-synom-ivana-groznogo.html](Russian)</ref><ref>[http://russian7.ru/post/7-zagadok-ubijstva-syna-ivana-groznogo/](Russian)</ref><ref>[http://wedun26.livejournal.com/71673.html](Russian)</ref> Since he was paralyzed in the last four years of his life, he did not hit or kill his son in spite of a public relations myth coming from senior Jesuit Antonio Possevino, and like his wives, his son was poisoned according to forensic experts in 1963.<ref>https://www.rbth.com/history/333821-mysterious-death-tsarevich-dmitry-uglich</ref> The accusations that he blinded his architect was proven false as well.<ref>https://www.rbth.com/history/336388-did-ivan-terrible-really-blind-architects</ref>  

Ivan only lost two wars, which were the Livonian War and the [[Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth]] War. According to Russian sources, traditionalist Czar Ivan IV "the Terrible" was not as tyrannical as often portrayed.<ref>[https://topwar.ru/12538-chto-zhe-na-samom-dele-proizoshlo-s-synom-ivana-groznogo.html](Russian)</ref><ref>[http://russian7.ru/post/7-zagadok-ubijstva-syna-ivana-groznogo/](Russian)</ref><ref>[http://wedun26.livejournal.com/71673.html](Russian)</ref> Since he was paralyzed in the last four years of his life, he did not hit or kill his son in spite of a public relations myth coming from senior Jesuit Antonio Possevino, and like his wives, his son was poisoned according to forensic experts in 1963.<ref>https://www.rbth.com/history/333821-mysterious-death-tsarevich-dmitry-uglich</ref> The accusations that he blinded his architect was proven false as well.<ref>https://www.rbth.com/history/336388-did-ivan-terrible-really-blind-architects</ref>