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→Chinese exports to the US
*Medical Supplies and Pharmaceuticals: Includes raw pharmaceutical ingredients and medical devices, accounting for about 30% of U.S. imports in this category.
*Medical Supplies and Pharmaceuticals: Includes raw pharmaceutical ingredients and medical devices, accounting for about 30% of U.S. imports in this category.
===Rare earths===
{{See also|Rare earth minerals}}
In 2025 China began using a "validated end-user" (VEU) system modeled on U.S. export-control laws that excludes companies with [[MIC|ties to the U.S. military]] while fast-tracking export approvals for [[civilian]]-focused firms.
The VEU system aims to fulfill [[President Xi Jinping]]'s pledge to [[President Trump]] to facilitate material exports while preventing their use by U.S. [[military]] suppliers—a key concern for [[Beijing]]. If strictly enforced, the system could complicate imports for U.S. automotive and aerospace firms with both civilian and defense clients. Rare-earth materials, critical for civilian goods like [[EV]]s and passenger jets, are also essential in military applications such as jet fighters and attack [[drone]]s. Since April 2025, Beijing has used export restrictions on rare-earth magnets to gain leverage in the trade war, though the Oct. 30. 2025 truce between Trump and Xi saw concessions from both sides, with China committing to issue general licenses to ease export flows. Uncertainties remain regarding eligibility for general licenses and the duration of VEU protections. Despite China's public commitments, rare-earth magnet exports to the U.S. dropped 29% in September 2025, highlighting ongoing disruptions.
==See also==
==See also==