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| | * President Hoover helped in the early development of radio broadcasting | | * President Hoover helped in the early development of radio broadcasting |
| | * President Coolidge created our national airways system | | * President Coolidge created our national airways system |
| − | * President Dwight D. Eisenhower started NASA and DARPA | + | * President Dwight D. Eisenhower started NASA and [[DARPA]] |
| | * President Richard Nixon launched the cable television industry from deregulation. | | * President Richard Nixon launched the cable television industry from deregulation. |
| | * President Ronald Reagan created GPS to be available for civilian use and greatly expanded science research | | * President Ronald Reagan created GPS to be available for civilian use and greatly expanded science research |
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| | | | |
| | *[https://hbr.org/2002/08/the-discipline-of-innovation The Discipline of Innovation] by Peter Ducker (Prominent management consultant), Harvard Business Review, 2002 | | *[https://hbr.org/2002/08/the-discipline-of-innovation The Discipline of Innovation] by Peter Ducker (Prominent management consultant), Harvard Business Review, 2002 |
| | + | |
| | + | === Keys to innovation in a country's economy === |
| | + | |
| | + | For a country to be considered an innovation leader, it needs:<ref>[https://www.google.com/search?q=what+is+required+for+a+country+to+be+an+innovation+leader&oq=what+is+required+for+a+country+to+be+an+innovation+leader&gs_lcrp=EgZjaHJvbWUyBggAEEUYOTIGCAEQLhhA0gEJMTgxNzVqMGo0qAIAsAIB&sourceid=chrome&ie=UTF-8 What is required for a country to be an innovation leader?]</ref> |
| | + | |
| | + | * A strong foundation in research and development (R&D) investment |
| | + | |
| | + | * A [[skill]]ed workforce through quality [[education]] |
| | + | |
| | + | * A supportive [[Entrepreneurship|entrepreneurial]] ecosystem |
| | + | |
| | + | * A culture that encourages [[risk]]-taking and [[creativity]] |
| | + | |
| | + | * Open [[collaboration]] between industries and academia |
| | + | |
| | + | * A robust infrastructure to facilitate the development and adoption of new technologies |
| | | | |
| | == Innovation and countries going from middle-income countries to high-income countries == | | == Innovation and countries going from middle-income countries to high-income countries == |
| − | | + | [[File:Drone warfare.PNG|right|300px|thumb|[[Meme]] depiction of innovation in targets of [[drone warfare]] during the [[NATO war in Ukraine]].<ref>[https://t.me/myLordBebo/43409 Drone warfare is ruthless.]</ref>]] |
| | ''See also:'' [[Middle-income countries]] and [[Middle-income trap]] | | ''See also:'' [[Middle-income countries]] and [[Middle-income trap]] |
| | | | |
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| | | | |
| | *[https://www.byarcadia.org/post/falling-into-the-middle-income-trap-stagnant-innovation-and-growth-in-latin-america The Middle-Income Trap: Stagnant Innovation and Growth in Latin America] | | *[https://www.byarcadia.org/post/falling-into-the-middle-income-trap-stagnant-innovation-and-growth-in-latin-america The Middle-Income Trap: Stagnant Innovation and Growth in Latin America] |
| − |
| |
| − | == Global Innovation Index ==
| |
| − |
| |
| − | ''See also:'' [[Global Innovation Index]]
| |
| − |
| |
| − | The [[Global Innovation Index]] is an annual ranking of countries by their capacity for and success in innovation. It is published by the World Intellectual Property Organization (WIPO). It was started in 2007 by Institut Européen d'Administration des Affaires (INSEAD) and World Business (a British magazine).
| |
| − |
| |
| − | === 2023 Global Innovation Index rankings ===
| |
| − |
| |
| − | [[File:World's most innovative countries 2023.jpg|thumbnail|center|1500px|right|Switzerland, Sweden, the United States, the United Kingdom and Singapore are the world’s most innovative economies in 2023, according to WIPO’s Global Innovation Index (GII), as a group of middle-income economies have emerged over the past decade as the fastest climbers of the ranking.<ref>[https://www.usnews.com/news/best-countries/articles/2019-08-08/us-returns-to-top-3-in-global-innovation-ranking The U.S. Is (Again) Among the World's Top Innovators], U.S. News and World Report, 2023</ref><ref>[https://www.wipo.int/pressroom/en/articles/2023/article_0011.html#:~:text=The%20United%20States%20(3rd,80%20GII%202023%20innovation%20indicators. Global Innovation Index 2023: Switzerland, Sweden and the U.S. lead the Global Innovation Ranking; Innovation Robust but Startup Funding Increasingly Uncertain]</ref><ref>[https://www.statista.com/chart/18804/rankings-of-the-global-innovation-index/The World's Most Innovative Countries], Statista website, 2023</ref>]]
| |
| − | {{Clear}}
| |
| − | [[File:Most innovative countries in 2023 - Visual Capitalist 2023.png|thumbnail|center|1500px|right|VisualCapitalist.com ranked the USA 3rd in innovation in 2023.<ref>[https://www.visualcapitalist.com/most-innovative-countries-in-2023/ Ranked: The Most Innovative Countries in 2023]</ref>]]
| |
| − | {{Clear}}
| |
| | | | |
| | == International Innovation Index == | | == International Innovation Index == |
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| | *[[Brainstorming]] | | *[[Brainstorming]] |
| | *[[Intellectual curiosity]] | | *[[Intellectual curiosity]] |
| | + | *[[Integrative thinking]] |
| | + | *[[Burevestnik]] |
| | + | *[[Oreshnik]] |
| | | | |
| | == External links == | | == External links == |
| | + | |
| | + | *[https://ideascale.com/blog/what-is-innovation/ What is Innovation? Definition, Types, Examples and Process] |
| | + | |
| | + | *[https://professional.dce.harvard.edu/blog/what-is-innovation/ What is Innovation?], Harvard University, Professional and Executive Development |
| | + | |
| | + | *[https://asq.org/quality-resources/innovation What is Innovation?], ASQExcellence |
| | + | |
| | + | *[https://www.toolshero.com/innovation/ Innovation], ToolsHero.com |
| | | | |
| | *[https://www.mckinsey.com/featured-insights/mckinsey-explainers/what-is-innovation What is innovation?], McKinsey & Company | | *[https://www.mckinsey.com/featured-insights/mckinsey-explainers/what-is-innovation What is innovation?], McKinsey & Company |
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| | | | |
| | *[https://online.hbs.edu/blog/post/importance-of-innovation-in-business Innovation and Business: Why it's so important], Harvard Business Review, 2022 | | *[https://online.hbs.edu/blog/post/importance-of-innovation-in-business Innovation and Business: Why it's so important], Harvard Business Review, 2022 |
| | + | |
| | + | Videos: |
| | + | |
| | + | *[https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLbjmSS6LZDGpbeSfeQVyt3dvAQWp3gJnl Innovation - video playlist], Video playlist |
| | | | |
| | ==References== | | ==References== |