Changes

==Obama war crimes in Libya==

==Obama war crimes in Libya==

 

On March 21, 2011, [[President Obama]] publicly announced U.S. military forces commenced no fly-zone operations in [[Libya]] two days earlier, on March 19, "to prevent a humanitarian catastrophe" and cited UN Resolutions as giving him the authority to do so. Secretary of Defense [[Robert Gates]] warned establishment of a no-fly zone meant attacking Libya.<ref>https://www.cbsnews.com/8301-503544_162-20038391-503544.html</ref> Officials such as [[National Security Advisor]] [[Tom Donilon]] and Deputy National Security Advisor [[Denis McDonough]] also opposed to attacking Libya; but [[Hillary Clinton]], tossing her "[[smart power]]" doctrine to the wind,  "won the [[bureaucratic]] battle to use [[Department of Defense]] resources to achieve what's essentially the [[State Department]]'s objective... and Obama let it happen".<ref>[http://thecable.foreignpolicy.com/posts/2011/03/18/how_obama_turned_on_a_dime_toward_war How Obama turned on a dime toward war.]</ref> The [[Charter of the United Nations]], in Article 2(4), prohibits the “threat or use of force against the territorial integrity or political independence” of a member state, and many observers have wondered whether the establishment of a no-fly zone would constitute a violation of this prohibition. The [[Congressional Research Service]]s advised that a no-fly zone imposed against a state that has not carried out an attack on its neighbors may consider the imposition of a no-fly zone an “armed attack.” CRS warned that even if no-fly zone operations in a given state do not constitute an “armed attack",

On March 21, 2011, [[President Obama]] publicly announced U.S. military forces commenced no fly-zone operations in [[Libya]] two days earlier, on March 19, "to prevent a humanitarian catastrophe" and cited UN Resolutions as giving him the authority to do so. Secretary of Defense [[Robert Gates]] warned establishment of a no-fly zone meant attacking Libya.<ref>https://www.cbsnews.com/8301-503544_162-20038391-503544.html</ref> Officials such as [[National Security Advisor]] [[Tom Donilon]] and Deputy National Security Advisor [[Denis McDonough]] also opposed to attacking Libya; but [[Hillary Clinton]], tossing her "[[smart power]]" doctrine to the wind,  "won the [[bureaucratic]] battle to use [[Department of Defense]] resources to achieve what's essentially the [[State Department]]'s objective... and Obama let it happen".<ref>[http://thecable.foreignpolicy.com/posts/2011/03/18/how_obama_turned_on_a_dime_toward_war How Obama turned on a dime toward war.]</ref> The [[Charter of the United Nations]], in Article 2(4), prohibits the “threat or use of force against the territorial integrity or political independence” of a member state, and many observers have wondered whether the establishment of a no-fly zone would constitute a violation of this prohibition. The [[Congressional Research Service]]s advised that a no-fly zone imposed against a state that has not carried out an attack on its neighbors may consider the imposition of a no-fly zone an “armed attack.” CRS warned that even if no-fly zone operations in a given state do not constitute an “armed attack",

{{Cquote|that state, and other members of the international community, might consider them a violation of the prohibition of the “threat or use of force,” as well as of the customary duty of non-intervention in the affairs of other sovereign states.}}

{{Cquote|that state, and other members of the international community, might consider them a violation of the prohibition of the “threat or use of force,” as well as of the customary duty of non-intervention in the affairs of other sovereign states.}}