Difference between revisions of "Painting"
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| + | [[Image:Cave art at Lascaux.jpg|right|thumb|300px|Cave art c.15000-10000 B.C. discovered at Lascaux, France]] | ||
| + | [[Painting]], in its most basic form, can be defined as "the process, art, or occupation of coating surfaces with [[paint]] for a utilitarian or artistic effect."<ref>''Painting''. The American Heritage Dictionary of the English Language. Fourth Edition. (Houghton Mifflin Company; 2000).</ref> An artistic composition made by applying paints to a surface is also "a painting." | ||
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| + | ==History== | ||
| + | Painting as an [[art]] form is known to have been practiced all over the world since the [[Upper Paleolithic]] period<ref>[http://www.tate.org.uk/collections/glossary/definition.jsp?entryId=435 ''Painting'']. Glossary. The Tate Collection. Tate.org.uk. 14 May 2008</ref>, with fine examples of cave paintings over 17,000 years old being discovered in Lascaux and the Ardèche Valley in [[France]] which demonstrate the conscious use of skill and creative imagination: "They are not stick figures or squiggles. Lines are clear and filled with tints. The animals are vibrant. By utilizing cave features, some of the renderings even have perspective."<ref>[http://www.beyondbooks.com/art11/2.asp ''Painting before 1300'']. History of Painting. BeyondBooks.com. 14 May 2008</ref> . These paintings were made using [[pigment]]s inherent in variously coloured earths and powdered rock applied directly to the cave walls and usually depict [[animal]]s although there are also some human figures. | ||
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| + | Essentially, painting has changed very little since these times: the surfaces have evolved through rock faces, the walls of buildings, [[silk]], [[paper]], [[wood]], [[cloth]] and [[canvas]], while the range of pigments used have encompassed earths and minerals, plant extracts and modern synthetic colours. The earliest example of silk painting was excavated from the Mawangdui Tomb in central [[China]] of the Warring States Period (476-221 B.C.)<ref>[http://www.chinaculture.org/gb/en_artqa/2004-01/19/content_45741.htm ''Chinese Painting'']. ChinaCulture.org. 14 May 2008</ref> The pigments have also been mixed with water and gums to make paint,<ref>''Painting before 1300'' op cit.</ref> and the earliest known examples of oil paints were used in [[Afghanistan]] in the seventh century, derived possibly from [[walnut]]s or the [[poppy|poppies]] which grew in the area.<ref>Dowd, Vincent. [http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/world/south_asia/7361994.stm ''Oil painting originated in East'']. BBC News. 22 April 2008. news.bbc.co.uk 14 May 2008</ref> Oil paints were eventually introduced in [[Europe]] in the fifteenth century using [[linseed]] oil. The flexibility and durability of this new medium "played a major part in the explosion of creativity in Western painting at the [[Renaissance]] and after."<ref>''Painting before 1300'' op cit.</ref> | ||
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| + | ==References== | ||
| + | <references/> | ||
[[Category:Painting]] | [[Category:Painting]] | ||
Revision as of 17:51, May 14, 2008
Painting, in its most basic form, can be defined as "the process, art, or occupation of coating surfaces with paint for a utilitarian or artistic effect."[1] An artistic composition made by applying paints to a surface is also "a painting."
History
Painting as an art form is known to have been practiced all over the world since the Upper Paleolithic period[2], with fine examples of cave paintings over 17,000 years old being discovered in Lascaux and the Ardèche Valley in France which demonstrate the conscious use of skill and creative imagination: "They are not stick figures or squiggles. Lines are clear and filled with tints. The animals are vibrant. By utilizing cave features, some of the renderings even have perspective."[3] . These paintings were made using pigments inherent in variously coloured earths and powdered rock applied directly to the cave walls and usually depict animals although there are also some human figures.
Essentially, painting has changed very little since these times: the surfaces have evolved through rock faces, the walls of buildings, silk, paper, wood, cloth and canvas, while the range of pigments used have encompassed earths and minerals, plant extracts and modern synthetic colours. The earliest example of silk painting was excavated from the Mawangdui Tomb in central China of the Warring States Period (476-221 B.C.)[4] The pigments have also been mixed with water and gums to make paint,[5] and the earliest known examples of oil paints were used in Afghanistan in the seventh century, derived possibly from walnuts or the poppies which grew in the area.[6] Oil paints were eventually introduced in Europe in the fifteenth century using linseed oil. The flexibility and durability of this new medium "played a major part in the explosion of creativity in Western painting at the Renaissance and after."[7]
References
- ↑ Painting. The American Heritage Dictionary of the English Language. Fourth Edition. (Houghton Mifflin Company; 2000).
- ↑ Painting. Glossary. The Tate Collection. Tate.org.uk. 14 May 2008
- ↑ Painting before 1300. History of Painting. BeyondBooks.com. 14 May 2008
- ↑ Chinese Painting. ChinaCulture.org. 14 May 2008
- ↑ Painting before 1300 op cit.
- ↑ Dowd, Vincent. Oil painting originated in East. BBC News. 22 April 2008. news.bbc.co.uk 14 May 2008
- ↑ Painting before 1300 op cit.