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→=Religion and the League
===League of Nations===
===League of Nations===
[[Woodrow Wilson]] wrote the [[League of Nations]] into the 1919 Versailles Peace Treaty. The League went into operation but the U.S. never joined. The Senate rejected ratification on Wilson's terms, and also rejected ratification on terms proposed by the Republicans, led by Senator [[Henry Cabot Lodge]]. The Republicans demanded amendments that made clear that only Congress could declare the U.S. at war, not the League. Debate on the League was furious, with the Senate split three ways: Wilsonians, Lodge supporters, and a third group of "irreconcilables" (mostly liberals) who rejected any membership.
[[Woodrow Wilson]] wrote the [[League of Nations]] into the 1919 Versailles Peace Treaty. The League went into operation but the U.S. never joined. The Senate rejected ratification on Wilson's terms, and also rejected ratification on terms proposed by the Republicans, led by Senator [[Henry Cabot Lodge]]. The Republicans demanded amendments that made clear that only Congress could declare the U.S. at war, not the League. Debate on the League was furious, with the Senate split three ways: Wilsonians, Lodge supporters, and a third group of "irreconcilables" (mostly liberals) who rejected any membership.
====Religion and the League===
====Religion and the League====
The churches played a major role. The mainline denominations, especially influenced by the [[Social Gospel]], provided strong support. Opposition came from [[Fundamentalist]] and Calvinist groups.
The churches played a major role in the debates on the League of Nations. The mainline denominations, especially influenced by the [[Social Gospel]], provided strong support. Opposition came from [[Fundamentalist]] and Calvinist groups.
Most Americans who belonged to Dispensationalist Fundamentalists, Calvinists, German Lutheran and Catholic churches opposed the League. Ethnicity played a role, as German Lutherans and Catholics were especially hostile, as were Irish Catholics. There was some opposition from Methodist and Episcopalian ranks.
Most Americans who belonged to Dispensationalist Fundamentalists, Calvinists, German Lutheran and Catholic churches opposed the League. Ethnicity played a role, as German Lutherans and Catholics were especially hostile, as were Irish Catholics. There was some opposition from Methodist and Episcopalian ranks.