Cylindrical coordinates

Cylindrical coordinates are a way to describe the location of a point in three-dimensional space based on "r", the distance from the origin in the x-y plane, "θ", the angle from the origin in the x-y plane, and z, the distance perpendicular to the x-y plane: (r,θ,z).

In a sense, cylindrical coordinates are polar coordinates with a third dimension added: (r,θ) correspond to the polar coordinates for (x,y).

The equations converting the parameters are as follows:

r² = x² + y²

tan(θ) = y/x

x = r*cos(θ)

y = r*sin(θ)