Difference between revisions of "A-6 Intruder"

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[[Image:Two_A-6_Intruders_in_flight..jpg|right|thumb|300 px|Two A-6 Intruders in flight.]]
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The '''A-6 Intruder''' was an all-[[weather]] attack [[bomber]] for the [[United States Navy]]. It was first delivered in 1963.
 
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==Design==
 
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In the 1960s, the Navy was looking for a replacement and complement for the [[A-4 Skyhawk]] and the [[A-7 Corsair II]], neither of which was equipped with [[avionics]] to attack in all weather.  A replacement aircraft was also needed for the [[WWII]]-vintage [[A-1 Skyraider]].
 
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[[Grumman]] received the contract for the two-seat attack aircraft in 1959, constructing the first prototypes that same year. The first A-6As were delivered to VA-42 of the Navy, and the [[Marine Corps]] also purchased some aircraft.
 
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==Service==
 
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The aircraft quickly proved invaluable in the [[Vietnam War|fighting in Southeast Asia]]. Its advanced electronics allowed it to fly in all weather, and it could carry a large bombload. When a pair of A-6 bombers with 17,000 pounds of bombs aboard demolished a power plant in [[Haiphong]], the [[North Vietnamese]] criticized the U.S. military for using [[B-52 Stratofortress]]es against the city! In spite of the aircraft's advanced weaponry, 84 were shot down over North Vietnam.
 
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In December 1983, Intruders and A-7 Corsairs struck [[Syria]]n positions in [[Lebanon]], after the Syrians had fired SAMs at Navy [[F-14 Tomcat|F-14s]] on reconnaissance.  The strike hit several artillery and radar sites, but one A-6 was lost to a [[Surface-to-air missile|SAM]], the pilot being killed and the bombardier-navigator being captured.<ref>[http://www.acig.org/artman/publish/article_278.shtml Disaster in Lebanon]</ref>
 
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The A-6 next saw action in the [[Gulf of Sidra]], during tensions with [[Libya]].  In late March of 1986, during [[Operation Prairie Fire]], Intruders sank the missile boat ''Waheed'' (the first combat victim of the [[AGM-84 Harpoon|Harpoon missile]]) and the corvette ''Ean Mara'', and damaged another corvette.  Three weeks later, A-6s from the USS ''Coral Sea'' and USS ''America'' struck at the military barracks in [[Benghazi]] and at nearby Benini airfield as part of [[Operation El Dorado Canyon]].<ref>''El Dorado Canyon: Reagan’s Undeclared War with Qaddafi'', by Joseph T. Stanik, Naval Institute Press, 2003</ref>
 
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During [[Operation Praying Mantis]] in the [[Persian Gulf]] in April 1988, US Navy A-6s helped sink the [[Iran]]ian frigate ''Sahand''.  On the same day, a lone A-6 attacked the frigate ''Sabalan'' and severely damaged it, forcing it to limp home in retreat.<ref>''Decision at Sea: Five Naval Battles that Shaped American History'', by Craig L. Symonds, Oxford University Press, 2005</ref>
 
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A-6s also saw extensive action in the [[Gulf War]].  In addition to striking land targets, Intruders sank at least two [[Iraq]]i patrol boats.  On January 25, 1991, the ninth day of the war, A-6Es made a highly successful attack on the naval base at Umm Qasr, damaging facilities and leaving four ships burning.<ref>''Desert Storm: Air War'', by Robert F. Dorr, Motorbooks International, 1991</ref>
 
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==Variants==
 
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===A-6B===
 
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The '''A-6B''' was equipped to carry the [[AGM-78 Standard ARM]], rather than the less common [[AGM-12 Bullpup]].
 
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===A-6C===
 
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The '''A-6C''' had [[video camera]] and [[FLIR]] (forward looking infrared) technology, enabling it to reach targets in any weather or terrain.
 
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===KA-6D===
 
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The '''KA-6D''' was the Navy's main tanker from 1966 to 2001, when it was replaced by special versions of the [[F-18 Hornet]].
 
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===A-6E===
 
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The '''A-6E''' was the most technologically advanced. It was equipped to carry high powered navigation/attack radar, laser bomb capability, and a video camera to record the damage done on a mission.
 
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===EA-6 Prowler===
 
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''Main article: [[EA-6 Prowler]]''
 
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==Retirement==
 
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The A-6 has been replaced by the [[F-18 Hornet]].
 
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==Specifications==
 
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[[Image:A-6_in_flight.jpg|right|thumb|An A-6 in flight.]]
 
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{| class="wikitable"
 
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|-
 
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| '''Type'''
 
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| Two-seat carrier-based attack aircraft
 
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|-
 
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| '''Contractor'''
 
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| [[Grumman]]
 
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|-
 
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| '''Power plant'''
 
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| Two Pratt & Whitney 9,300 pounds of thrust J52-P-8A turbofans
 
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|-
 
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| '''Length'''
 
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| 54 feet, 9 inches
 
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|-
 
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| '''Height'''
 
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| 16 feet, 2 inches
 
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|-
 
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| '''Speed'''
 
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| 655 miles per hour
 
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|-
 
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| '''Wingspan'''
 
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| 53 feet
 
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|-
 
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| '''Empty weight'''
 
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| 25,684 pounds
 
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|-
 
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| '''Crew'''
 
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| Two
 
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|-
 
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|'''Unrefueled range'''
 
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| 2000 miles
 
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|-
 
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|'''Maximum Weight'''
 
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| 58,400 pounds
 
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|-
 
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|-
 
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|'''Armament'''
 
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|Assorted guided and unguided bombs, [[Harpoon missile]]s, [[Standard ARM]]s, and cluster bombs up to 18,000 pounds
 
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|}
 
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==Notes==
 
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<references/>
 
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[[Category:Aircraft]]
 
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[[Category:United States Navy]]
 
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[[Category:Military Aircraft]]
 

Revision as of 22:00, January 19, 2012

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