| − | An '''ecosystem''' is an association of living [[organism]]s and their physical environment.<ref>Wile, Dr. Jay L. ''Exploring Creation With Biology''. Apologia Educational Ministries, Inc. 1998</ref> | + | An '''ecosystem''' is an association of living [[organism]]s and their physical environment.<ref>Sadava, D., Hillis, D.M., Heller, H.C., & Berenbaum, M.R. (2014). Ecology and the Distribution of Life. In ''Life: The Science of Biology'' (10th ed.). book, Sinauer Associates.</ref> This is one level of complexity above communities, not only incorporating the interacting populations of species in an area, but the abiotic factors that determine the behaviors and interactions organisms have with each other. |