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| − | '''[http://www.inheaven.name/jesus-wallpaper/images/god-the-father%20(14).jpg] [http://alfalfastudio.com/wp-content/uploads/2014/02/heart_the_Sacred_Heart_of_christ.jpg]''' This is my page for developing new articles before posting them. <br> All praise, honor and glory be to the Father and to the Son and to the Holy Spirit. Amen. <br> Holy Mary, Mother of God, pray for us sinners, now, and at the hour of our death. <br> Saint Joseph, son of David, terror of demons, pray for us. <br> Holy Michael, Archangel, defend us in the battle. Be our protection against the wickedness and snares of the devil. May God rebuke him, we humbly pray. O prince of the heavenly host, by the power of God, cast into hell Satan and all of the evil spirits who prowl about the world seeking the ruin of souls. Amen.
| + | :''Note: this contributor has permanently withdrawn from Conservapedia. |
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| − | ''Semper fidelis!'' --[[User:Dataclarifier|Dataclarifier]] ([[User talk:Dataclarifier|talk]]) 07:09, 12 November 2019 (EST) | |
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| − | ==Development==
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| − | See [https://www.catholic.com/tract/early-teachings-on-infant-baptism '''Early Teachings on Infant Baptism'''] ''and'' [https://www.churchfathers.org/infant-baptism '''Church Fathers - Infant Baptism'''] ''and'' [http://www.catholic-forum.com/members/catholictracts/tract52.html '''Infant Baptism'''].
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| − | == Hippolytus A.D. 215 ==
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| − | :“Baptize first the children, and if they can speak for themselves let them do so. Otherwise, let their parents or other relatives speak for them.” [http://www.stjohnsarlingtonva.org/Customer-Content/saintjohnsarlington/CMS/files/EFM/Apostolic_Tradition_by_Hippolytus.pdf ''The Apostolic Tradition'' chapter 21.4].
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| − | == Origen A.D. 248 ==
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| − | :“Every soul that is born into flesh is soiled by the filth of wickedness and sin.... In the Church, baptism is given for the remission of sins, and, according to the usage of the Church, baptism is given even to infants. If there were nothing in infants which required the remission of sins and nothing in them pertinent to forgiveness, the grace of baptism would seem superfluous” —[http://www.wtl.us.edu.pl/ssht/38,S/SSHT_38,S(2005)58-69.pdf Sin in Origen's ''Homilies on Leviticus'' 7. Sin in Pre-existence] <ref>Jan Slomka, Uniwersytet Śląski w Katowicach, Śląskie Studia Historyczno - Teologiczne 2005, t. 38 specjalny, s.</ref>.
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| − | :“The Church received from the apostles the tradition of giving baptism even to infants. The apostles, to whom were committed the secrets of the divine sacraments, knew there are in everyone innate strains of [original] sin, which must be washed away through water and the Spirit” —''Commentaries on Romans'' 5:9 <ref>online link not available. See [https://www.catholic.com/tract/early-teachings-on-infant-baptism '''Early Teachings on Infant Baptism'''] ''and'' [https://www.churchfathers.org/infant-baptism '''Church Fathers - Infant Baptism'''] ''and'' [http://www.catholic-forum.com/members/catholictracts/tract52.html '''Infant Baptism'''].</ref>
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| − | == Cyprian of Carthage A.D. 253 ==
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| − | :“As to what pertains to the case of infants: You [Fidus] said that they ought not to be baptized within the second or third day after their birth, that the old law of circumcision must be taken into consideration, and that you did not think that one should be baptized and sanctified within the eighth day after his birth. In our council it seemed to us far otherwise. No one agreed to the course which you thought should be taken. Rather, we all judge that the mercy and grace of God ought to be denied to no man born” ....
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| − | :“If, in the case of the worst sinners and those who formerly sinned much against God, when afterwards they believe, the remission of their sins is granted and no one is held back from baptism and grace, how much more, then, should an infant not be held back, who, having but recently been born, has done no sin, except that, born of the flesh according to Adam, he has contracted the contagion of that old death from his first being born. For this very reason does he [an infant] approach more easily to receive the remission of sins: because the sins forgiven him are not his own but those of another”. <br>—[http://www.newadvent.org/fathers/050658.htm ''Letter'' 58. To Fadus, on the Baptism of Infants].
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| − | == Gregory of Nazianz A.D. 388 ==
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| − | :“Do you have an infant child? Allow sin no opportunity; rather, let the infant be sanctified from childhood. From his most tender age let him be consecrated by the Spirit. Do you fear the seal [of baptism] because of the weakness of nature? Oh, what a pusillanimous mother and of how little faith!”….
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| − | :“‘Well enough,’ some will say, ‘for those who ask for baptism, but what do you have to say about those who are still children, and aware neither of loss nor of grace? Shall we baptize them too?’ Certainly [I respond], if there is any pressing danger. Better that they be sanctified unaware, than that they depart unsealed and uninitiated” <br>—[http://www.newadvent.org/fathers/310240.htm ''Oration on Holy Baptism'' XVII and XXVIII].
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| − | == John Chrysostom A.D. 388 ==
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| − | :“You see how many are the benefits of baptism, and some think its heavenly grace consists only in the remission of sins, but we have enumerated ten honors [it bestows]! For this reason we baptize even infants, though they are not defiled by [personal] sins, so that there may be given to them holiness, righteousness, adoption, inheritance, brotherhood with Christ, and that they may be his [Christ’s] members” <br>—''Baptismal Catecheses in Augustine, Against Julian'' 1:6:21.<ref>See [https://www.catholic.com/tract/early-teachings-on-infant-baptism '''Early Teachings on Infant Baptism'''] ''and'' [https://www.churchfathers.org/infant-baptism '''Church Fathers - Infant Baptism'''] ''and'' [http://www.catholic-forum.com/members/catholictracts/tract52.html '''Infant Baptism'''].</ref>
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| − | == Augustine A.D. 400 – 412 ==
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| − | :“What the universal Church holds, not as instituted [invented] by councils but as something always held, is most correctly believed to have been handed down by apostolic authority. Since others respond for children, so that the celebration of the sacrament may be complete for them, it is certainly availing to them for their consecration, because they themselves are not able to respond” <br>—''On Baptism, Against the Donatists'' 4:24:31.<ref>
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| − | [http://www.newadvent.org/fathers/14084.htm ''On Baptism, Against the Donatists'' (Book IV)] —''Catholic Encyclopedia'' <br> [https://carm.org/augustine-baptism-donatists-book4 CARM - Augustine, On Baptism, Against the Donatists, Book 4] —''Protestant apologetics site''</ref>.
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| − | :“The custom of Mother Church in baptizing infants is certainly not to be scorned, nor is it to be regarded in any way as superfluous, nor is it to be believed that its tradition is anything except apostolic” <br>''The Literal Interpretation of Genesis'' 10:23:39.
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| − | :“Cyprian was not issuing a new decree but was keeping to the most solid belief of the Church in order to correct some who thought that infants ought not be baptized before the eighth day after their birth. . . . He agreed with certain of his fellow bishops that a child is able to be duly baptized as soon as he is born” <br>—''Letters'' 166:8:23.
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| − | :“By this grace baptized infants too are ingrafted into his [Christ’s] body, infants who certainly are not yet able to imitate anyone. Christ, in whom all are made alive . . . gives also the most hidden grace of his Spirit to believers, grace which he secretly infuses even into infants.... If anyone wonders why children born of the baptized should themselves be baptized, let him attend briefly to this.... The sacrament of baptism is most assuredly the sacrament of regeneration” <br>—''Forgiveness and the Just Deserts of Sin, and the Baptism of Infants'' 1:9:10; 1:24:34; 2:27:43.<ref>See [https://www.catholic.com/tract/early-teachings-on-infant-baptism '''Early Teachings on Infant Baptism'''] ''and'' [https://www.churchfathers.org/infant-baptism '''Church Fathers - Infant Baptism'''] ''and'' [http://www.catholic-forum.com/members/catholictracts/tract52.html '''Infant Baptism'''].</ref>
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| − | == Council of Carthage V A.D. 401 ==
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| − | Canon 7 [https://www.monergism.com/thethreshold/sdg/Canons%20of%20the%20Council%20of%20Carthage%20to%20Investigate%20Pelagianism.pdf Canons of the Council of Carthage to Investigate Pelagianism, May 1, 418, Canons 2 ''and'' 3.1].
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| − | == Council of Mileum II A.D. 416 ==
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| − | [https://sensusfidelium.us/the-sources-of-catholic-dogma-the-denzinger/st-zosimus-417-4i8/ St. Zosimus 417-418 Canons 101.Canon 1 ''and'' 102.Canon 2].
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