Difference between revisions of "Sleep"

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(The mind does not turn off during sleep. What do you think dreaming is?)
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Sleep is a bodily state in which the body and mind rest. Almost all animals must sleep to survive, but scientists do not know why.
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[[File:Sleeping Girl with a Cat.jpg|right|100px]]
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'''Sleep''' is a bodily state in which the body and [[mind]] rest. Almost all animals must sleep regularly to survive. However, sleep seems to play in important role in growth and memory processing, and sleep deprivation can lead to immune system deficiencies and a significant decrease in judgment and reaction time.
  
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Sleep occurs in several stages, which vary in the type and intensity of the [[brain]] activity that occurs, which is measured via [[EEG]].  Stage 1 sleep<ref>Technically, stage "N1," the "N" standing for "Non-Rapid Eye Movement."</ref> is characterized primarily by an alpha and theta EEG waves.  During stage 2<ref>Now known as stage "N2."</ref> theta waves predominate, and the sleeper becomes less aware of the environment.  Stage 3 is also referred to as ''slow-wave sleep'', and is characterized by a delta wave EEG pattern.  (Formerly, slow-wave sleep was divided into stages 3 and 4; however, there is no sharp, qualitative difference between stages 3 and 4, and so the American Academy of Sleep Medicine revised the staging system, combining the former stages 3 and 4.<ref>This stage is now known as "N3."  ''See'' Ron Shatzmiller, M.Sc., M.D., Andres Gonzalez, M.D., David Ko, M.D. and Michelle Zeidler, M.D. (chief editor: Selim Benbadis, M.D.), "[http://emedicine.medscape.com/article/1188142-overview Sleep Stage Scoring,]"  eMedicine.Medscape.com.</ref><ref>''See also'' Hartmut Schulz, Ph.D., "[https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2335403/ Rethinking Sleep Analysis:  Comment on the AASM Manual for the Scoring of Sleep and Associated Events,]" ''Journal of Clinical Sleep Medicine'', April 15, 2008.</ref>)  Following NREM sleep, a person enters REM (rapid eye movement) sleep, which as the name suggests is characterized by rapid movements of the eyes and increased brain activity relative to the other sleep stages.  Although dreams occur in other sleep stages, dreams that are remembered after waking typically occur during REM sleep.  Most people cycle through the stages of sleep several times each night, with each cycle lasting about 90–120 minutes.
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==Etymology==
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Since sleep is a fairly basic, but abstract, concept, the morphology of the corresponding word is useful in historical [[linguistics]] for determining fine relationships between related languages. The [[noun]] ''sleep'' and its derived [[verb]] and [[adjective]] forms ''to sleep, sleepy'' in English both originate from a common Germanic root *SLAEP, as exemplified by the many cognates of the word in other Germanic languages such as the Dutch ''slaap, slapen, slaperig'' and the German ''Schlaf, schlafen, schläfrig.''
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== Good sleep habits ==
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Articles:
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*[https://www.mayoclinic.org/healthy-lifestyle/adult-health/in-depth/sleep/art-20048379 Sleep tips: 6 steps to better sleep], Mayo Clinic
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*[https://www.health.harvard.edu/newsletter_article/8-secrets-to-a-good-nights-sleep 8 secrets to a good night's sleep], Harvard Health Publishing
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*[https://www.healthline.com/nutrition/17-tips-to-sleep-better Top 15 Proven Tips to Sleep Better at Night], Healthline.com
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*[https://www.hopkinsmedicine.org/health/wellness-and-prevention/natural-sleep-aids-home-remedies-to-help-you-sleep Natural Sleep Aids: Home Remedies to Help You Sleep], John Hopkins Medicine
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Videos:
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*[https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLbjmSS6LZDGph6O6z26fai2IoDWl8pV2O Tips for better sleep - video playlist], Video playlist
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== Notes ==
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{{reflist}}
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== Bibliography ==
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*[http://www.ninds.nih.gov/disorders/brain_basics/understanding_sleep.htm Brain Basics: Understanding Sleep], National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke
 
[[Category:Biology]]
 
[[Category:Biology]]
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*[http://www.sleepfoundation.org National Sleep Foundation]

Latest revision as of 21:15, June 30, 2025

Sleeping Girl with a Cat.jpg

Sleep is a bodily state in which the body and mind rest. Almost all animals must sleep regularly to survive. However, sleep seems to play in important role in growth and memory processing, and sleep deprivation can lead to immune system deficiencies and a significant decrease in judgment and reaction time.

Sleep occurs in several stages, which vary in the type and intensity of the brain activity that occurs, which is measured via EEG. Stage 1 sleep[1] is characterized primarily by an alpha and theta EEG waves. During stage 2[2] theta waves predominate, and the sleeper becomes less aware of the environment. Stage 3 is also referred to as slow-wave sleep, and is characterized by a delta wave EEG pattern. (Formerly, slow-wave sleep was divided into stages 3 and 4; however, there is no sharp, qualitative difference between stages 3 and 4, and so the American Academy of Sleep Medicine revised the staging system, combining the former stages 3 and 4.[3][4]) Following NREM sleep, a person enters REM (rapid eye movement) sleep, which as the name suggests is characterized by rapid movements of the eyes and increased brain activity relative to the other sleep stages. Although dreams occur in other sleep stages, dreams that are remembered after waking typically occur during REM sleep. Most people cycle through the stages of sleep several times each night, with each cycle lasting about 90–120 minutes.

Etymology

Since sleep is a fairly basic, but abstract, concept, the morphology of the corresponding word is useful in historical linguistics for determining fine relationships between related languages. The noun sleep and its derived verb and adjective forms to sleep, sleepy in English both originate from a common Germanic root *SLAEP, as exemplified by the many cognates of the word in other Germanic languages such as the Dutch slaap, slapen, slaperig and the German Schlaf, schlafen, schläfrig.

Good sleep habits

Articles:

Videos:

Notes

  1. ↑ Technically, stage "N1," the "N" standing for "Non-Rapid Eye Movement."
  2. ↑ Now known as stage "N2."
  3. ↑ This stage is now known as "N3." See Ron Shatzmiller, M.Sc., M.D., Andres Gonzalez, M.D., David Ko, M.D. and Michelle Zeidler, M.D. (chief editor: Selim Benbadis, M.D.), "Sleep Stage Scoring," eMedicine.Medscape.com.
  4. ↑ See also Hartmut Schulz, Ph.D., "Rethinking Sleep Analysis: Comment on the AASM Manual for the Scoring of Sleep and Associated Events," Journal of Clinical Sleep Medicine, April 15, 2008.

Bibliography

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