Difference between revisions of "Grey Wolves (organization)"
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The '''Grey Wolves''' (organization). | The '''Grey Wolves''' (organization). | ||
| − | A terrorist organization and a Turkish racist fascist, neo-Nazi militia. | + | A terrorist organization and a [[Turkey (Nation)|Turkish]] racist, fascist, neo-Nazi militia. |
| − | The '''Grey Wolves''' (Turkish: Bozkurtlar) or by its official name Ülkücüler (The Idealists) or Ülkücü Hareket ("The Idealist Movement") is an extreme right-wing youth organization and the paramilitary wing of the Nationalist Movement Party in Turkey (Milliyetçi Hareket Partisi, MHP). | + | The '''Grey Wolves''' (Turkish: Bozkurtlar) or by its official name, Ülkücüler (The Idealists) or Ülkücü Hareket ("The Idealist Movement") is an extreme right-wing youth organization and the paramilitary wing of the Nationalist Movement Party in Turkey (Milliyetçi Hareket Partisi, MHP). |
| − | Commonly described as ultranationalist, neo-fascist,<ref>[https://armenianweekly.com/2024/08/06/the-grey-wolves-and-the-role-of-german-intelligence-in-its-establishment/ The Grey Wolves and the role of German intelligence in its establishment]. ''Armenian Weekly'', Aug 6, 2024</ref> [[neo-Nazi]],<ref name=lee/> | + | Commonly described as ultranationalist, neo-fascist,<ref>[https://armenianweekly.com/2024/08/06/the-grey-wolves-and-the-role-of-german-intelligence-in-its-establishment/ The Grey Wolves and the role of German intelligence in its establishment]. ''Armenian Weekly'', Aug 6, 2024</ref> [[neo-Nazi]],<ref name=lee/> [[Islam|Islamo]]-nationalist<ref>(June 30, 2020). "The Grey Wolves conquering Europe", MENA Research. |
| − | + | "The ultra-nationalistic and Islamist Turkish movement „Gry Wolves“ aka „Ülkücü“ were recently covered on the front pages of international newspapers again after days of riots in Austria’s capital Vienna."</ref><ref>(August 19, 2020). "Why Erdogan must expand his ultranationalist alliances". ''Al-Monitor''.</ref> and racist.<ref name=sl>Searchlight. (2007). United Kingdom: Searchlight Publications.. | |
[https://books.google.com/books?id=zbkhAQAAIAAJ&q=%22grey%20wolves%22%20%22death%20squad%22 p. 13].</ref> | [https://books.google.com/books?id=zbkhAQAAIAAJ&q=%22grey%20wolves%22%20%22death%20squad%22 p. 13].</ref> | ||
The Grey Wolves have also been described by scholars, journalists, and governments as a ''death squad'',<ref>Glazebrook, P. (1985). Journey to Kars. United States: Holt, Rinehart, and Winston. | The Grey Wolves have also been described by scholars, journalists, and governments as a ''death squad'',<ref>Glazebrook, P. (1985). Journey to Kars. United States: Holt, Rinehart, and Winston. | ||
[https://books.google.com/books?id=_LXyAAAAMAAJ&q=%22grey%20wolves%22%20%22death%20squad%22 p. 72]. | [https://books.google.com/books?id=_LXyAAAAMAAJ&q=%22grey%20wolves%22%20%22death%20squad%22 p. 72]. | ||
| − | "Grey Wolves, the right-wing death squad.."</ref><ref>The Dual State: Parapolitics, Carl Schmitt and the National Security Complex. (2016). United Kingdom: Taylor & Francis., [https://books.google.com/books?id=4ezOCwAAQBAJ&pg=PA172 p. 172]</ref> | + | "Grey Wolves, the right-wing death squad.."</ref><ref>The Dual State: Parapolitics, Carl Schmitt and the National Security Complex. (2016). United Kingdom: Taylor & Francis., [https://books.google.com/books?id=4ezOCwAAQBAJ&pg=PA172 p. 172]</ref><ref>I.F. Magazine. (1997). United States: Media Consortium, [https://books.google.com/books?id=TDUhAQAAMAAJ&q=%22grey%20wolves%22%20%22death%20squad%22 p. 38]. |
| − | <ref>I.F. Magazine. (1997). United States: Media Consortium, [https://books.google.com/books?id=TDUhAQAAMAAJ&q=%22grey%20wolves%22%20%22death%20squad%22 p. 38]. | ||
"death squad organizer for a Turkish government dirty war against the Kurds"</ref> and a [[Terrorism|terrorist]] organization.<ref name=lee>Lee, M. A. (2013). The Beast Reawakens: Fascism's Resurgence from Hitler's Spymasters to Today's Neo-Nazi Groups and Right-Wing Extremists. United Kingdom: Taylor & Francis, [https://books.google.com/books?id=sZ_cAAAAQBAJ&pg=PA202 p.202] | "death squad organizer for a Turkish government dirty war against the Kurds"</ref> and a [[Terrorism|terrorist]] organization.<ref name=lee>Lee, M. A. (2013). The Beast Reawakens: Fascism's Resurgence from Hitler's Spymasters to Today's Neo-Nazi Groups and Right-Wing Extremists. United Kingdom: Taylor & Francis, [https://books.google.com/books?id=sZ_cAAAAQBAJ&pg=PA202 p.202] | ||
| − | "Turkish Grey Wolves, a neo-Nazi terrorist group"...</ref> | + | "Turkish Grey Wolves, a neo-Nazi terrorist group"...</ref><ref>Rubin, Michael. (September 16, 2021). [https://www.aei.org/op-eds/do-turkeys-grey-wolves-deserve-terrorist-designation/ Do Turkey’s Grey Wolves Deserve Terrorist Designation?]. ''American Enterprise Institute''. |
| − | It has a significant following among some Turkish diaspora, especially in [[Germany]].<ref>Soeren Kern, Soeren. (June 6, 2021). [https://soerenkern.com/web/2021/06/21/germanys-largest-right-wing-extremist-group-is-turkish-not-german/ Germany’s Largest Right-Wing Extremist Group is Turkish not German]</ref> | + | "Rep. Dina Titus (D-Nevada), a member of the House Foreign Affairs Committee, introduced an amendment to the Fiscal Year 2022 National Defense Authorization Act (NDAA) yesterday calling for accountability for the Turkish Grey Wolves. Specifically, her amendment calls on Secretary of State Antony Blinken to report about what actions Turkey’s Grey Wolves have “undertaken against US interests, allies and international partners” and to state whether the Grey Wolves meet the criteria under U.S. law to be designated a Foreign Terrorist Organization. |
| + | Such action is long overdue."</ref> | ||
| + | In 2020, "the European Parliament has produced a report recommending that the Turkish far-right organisation linked to the National Movement Party (MHP), the Grey Wolves, be included on the EU list of terrorist organisations." | ||
| + | |||
| + | It has a significant following among (some) of the Turkish diaspora, especially in [[Germany]].<ref>Soeren Kern, Soeren. (June 6, 2021). [https://soerenkern.com/web/2021/06/21/germanys-largest-right-wing-extremist-group-is-turkish-not-german/ Germany’s Largest Right-Wing Extremist Group is Turkish not German]</ref> | ||
There are around 270 affiliated youth federation clubs in Germany and [[Austria]].<ref>[https://greydynamics.com/grey-wolves-turkeys-shadow-network-facing-backlash-in-europe/ Grey Wolves: Turkey’s Shadow Network - Grey Dynami]</ref> | There are around 270 affiliated youth federation clubs in Germany and [[Austria]].<ref>[https://greydynamics.com/grey-wolves-turkeys-shadow-network-facing-backlash-in-europe/ Grey Wolves: Turkey’s Shadow Network - Grey Dynami]</ref> | ||
| − | It even built | + | It even built a cell in [[Bosnia]].<ref>(February 23, 2021). [https://balkaninsight.com/2022/06/27/how-turkeys-extremist-grey-wolves-built-a-cell-in-bosnia/ How Turkey's Extremist 'Grey Wolves' Built a Cell in Bosnia]. Balkan Insight</ref> |
| − | The "Grey Wolves" support the idea of establishing a Turkish political entity from the Balkans in the West to China in the East and hold a racist ideology mainly against Kurds, Greeks, Armenians and Jews. | + | The "Grey Wolves" support the idea of establishing a Turkish political entity from the Balkans in the West to China in the East and hold a racist ideology mainly against [[Kurds]], [[Greeks]], [[Armenians]] and [[Jews]]. The organization translated it into Turkish and ensured the distribution of the book "Mein Kampf" by [[Adolf Hitler]] and also spreads anti-Jewish theories such as the infamous forgery "[https://encyclopedia.ushmm.org/content/en/article/protocols-of-the-elders-of-zion The Protocols of the Elders of Zion]".<ref name=walla/> |
| − | It | + | It is "spreading neo-nazi poison across Europe." |
<ref>(Jun 5, 2015). [https://www.ibtimes.co.uk/turkish-elections-turkeys-kurd-hating-grey-wolves-spreading-neo-nazi-poison-across-europe-1504725 Turkish elections: Turkey's Kurd-hating Grey Wolves spreading neo-nazi poison across Europe], ''ibtimes''</ref> | <ref>(Jun 5, 2015). [https://www.ibtimes.co.uk/turkish-elections-turkeys-kurd-hating-grey-wolves-spreading-neo-nazi-poison-across-europe-1504725 Turkish elections: Turkey's Kurd-hating Grey Wolves spreading neo-nazi poison across Europe], ''ibtimes''</ref> | ||
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[https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/world/middle-east/will-the-grey-wolves-erdogans-long-arm-in-the-world-end-up-on-eu-and-us-terrorist-list/articleshow/86357785.cms Will the grey wolves- Erdogan's long arm in the world-end up on EU and US terrorist list? World]. ''Times of India''</ref> | [https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/world/middle-east/will-the-grey-wolves-erdogans-long-arm-in-the-world-end-up-on-eu-and-us-terrorist-list/articleshow/86357785.cms Will the grey wolves- Erdogan's long arm in the world-end up on EU and US terrorist list? World]. ''Times of India''</ref> | ||
| − | In 2024, there was anger in Germany | + | In their ideology, the Grey Wolves are characterised by a systematic denial of the [[Armenian Genocide]], which is why France decided to ban the extremist organisation in the country in 2020, following several demonstrations threatening the Armenian community. |
| + | Germany followed France's lead and passed a motion to ban the ultra-nationalist group following a resolution by the ruling coalition Christian Democratic Union (CDU) and Social Democratic Party (SPD), as well as the opposition Free Democratic Party (FDP) and the Greens, arguing that the ban is due to the group's racist, xenophobic and anti-democratic ideology, as well as "representing a threat to the security of the country".<ref>Sanz, Alba. (June 10, 2021). "Grey Wolves labelled as terrorist organisation by European Parliament." Atalayar.</ref> | ||
| + | |||
| + | In 2024, there was anger in Germany over a Turkish defender, Merih Demiral, making an "ultra-nationalist gesture as he celebrated scoring in the win against Austria at Euro 2024."<ref>(June 3, 2024). [https://www.france24.com/en/live-news/20240703-turkey-summons-german-envoy-in-row-over-demiral-s-nationalist-gesture Turkey summons German envoy in row over Demiral's nationalist gesture]. ''AFP''. | ||
"Istanbul (AFP) – Turkey on Wednesday summoned Germany's ambassador over a row that erupted due to Turkish defender Merih Demiral making an alleged ultra-nationalist gesture as he celebrated scoring in the win against Austria at Euro 2024."</ref><ref name=walla>(July 7, 2024). | "Istanbul (AFP) – Turkey on Wednesday summoned Germany's ambassador over a row that erupted due to Turkish defender Merih Demiral making an alleged ultra-nationalist gesture as he celebrated scoring in the win against Austria at Euro 2024."</ref><ref name=walla>(July 7, 2024). | ||
| Line 34: | Line 40: | ||
==References== | ==References== | ||
| − | {{Reflist}} | + | {{Reflist|2}} |
[[Category:Turkey]] | [[Category:Turkey]] | ||
[[Category:Middle East]] | [[Category:Middle East]] | ||
Latest revision as of 06:00, September 6, 2026
The Grey Wolves (organization).
A terrorist organization and a Turkish racist, fascist, neo-Nazi militia.
The Grey Wolves (Turkish: Bozkurtlar) or by its official name, Ülkücüler (The Idealists) or Ülkücü Hareket ("The Idealist Movement") is an extreme right-wing youth organization and the paramilitary wing of the Nationalist Movement Party in Turkey (Milliyetçi Hareket Partisi, MHP). Commonly described as ultranationalist, neo-fascist,[1] neo-Nazi,[2] Islamo-nationalist[3][4] and racist.[5]
The Grey Wolves have also been described by scholars, journalists, and governments as a death squad,[6][7][8] and a terrorist organization.[2][9] In 2020, "the European Parliament has produced a report recommending that the Turkish far-right organisation linked to the National Movement Party (MHP), the Grey Wolves, be included on the EU list of terrorist organisations."
It has a significant following among (some) of the Turkish diaspora, especially in Germany.[10]
There are around 270 affiliated youth federation clubs in Germany and Austria.[11]
It even built a cell in Bosnia.[12]
The "Grey Wolves" support the idea of establishing a Turkish political entity from the Balkans in the West to China in the East and hold a racist ideology mainly against Kurds, Greeks, Armenians and Jews. The organization translated it into Turkish and ensured the distribution of the book "Mein Kampf" by Adolf Hitler and also spreads anti-Jewish theories such as the infamous forgery "The Protocols of the Elders of Zion".[13] It is "spreading neo-nazi poison across Europe." [14]
It is fascistic Erdogan's long arm in the world.[15]
In their ideology, the Grey Wolves are characterised by a systematic denial of the Armenian Genocide, which is why France decided to ban the extremist organisation in the country in 2020, following several demonstrations threatening the Armenian community. Germany followed France's lead and passed a motion to ban the ultra-nationalist group following a resolution by the ruling coalition Christian Democratic Union (CDU) and Social Democratic Party (SPD), as well as the opposition Free Democratic Party (FDP) and the Greens, arguing that the ban is due to the group's racist, xenophobic and anti-democratic ideology, as well as "representing a threat to the security of the country".[16]
In 2024, there was anger in Germany over a Turkish defender, Merih Demiral, making an "ultra-nationalist gesture as he celebrated scoring in the win against Austria at Euro 2024."[17][13]
References
- ↑ The Grey Wolves and the role of German intelligence in its establishment. Armenian Weekly, Aug 6, 2024
- ↑ 2.0 2.1 Lee, M. A. (2013). The Beast Reawakens: Fascism's Resurgence from Hitler's Spymasters to Today's Neo-Nazi Groups and Right-Wing Extremists. United Kingdom: Taylor & Francis, p.202 "Turkish Grey Wolves, a neo-Nazi terrorist group"...
- ↑ (June 30, 2020). "The Grey Wolves conquering Europe", MENA Research. "The ultra-nationalistic and Islamist Turkish movement „Gry Wolves“ aka „Ülkücü“ were recently covered on the front pages of international newspapers again after days of riots in Austria’s capital Vienna."
- ↑ (August 19, 2020). "Why Erdogan must expand his ultranationalist alliances". Al-Monitor.
- ↑ Searchlight. (2007). United Kingdom: Searchlight Publications.. p. 13.
- ↑ Glazebrook, P. (1985). Journey to Kars. United States: Holt, Rinehart, and Winston. p. 72. "Grey Wolves, the right-wing death squad.."
- ↑ The Dual State: Parapolitics, Carl Schmitt and the National Security Complex. (2016). United Kingdom: Taylor & Francis., p. 172
- ↑ I.F. Magazine. (1997). United States: Media Consortium, p. 38. "death squad organizer for a Turkish government dirty war against the Kurds"
- ↑ Rubin, Michael. (September 16, 2021). Do Turkey’s Grey Wolves Deserve Terrorist Designation?. American Enterprise Institute. "Rep. Dina Titus (D-Nevada), a member of the House Foreign Affairs Committee, introduced an amendment to the Fiscal Year 2022 National Defense Authorization Act (NDAA) yesterday calling for accountability for the Turkish Grey Wolves. Specifically, her amendment calls on Secretary of State Antony Blinken to report about what actions Turkey’s Grey Wolves have “undertaken against US interests, allies and international partners” and to state whether the Grey Wolves meet the criteria under U.S. law to be designated a Foreign Terrorist Organization. Such action is long overdue."
- ↑ Soeren Kern, Soeren. (June 6, 2021). Germany’s Largest Right-Wing Extremist Group is Turkish not German
- ↑ Grey Wolves: Turkey’s Shadow Network - Grey Dynami
- ↑ (February 23, 2021). How Turkey's Extremist 'Grey Wolves' Built a Cell in Bosnia. Balkan Insight
- ↑ 13.0 13.1 (July 7, 2024). In Germany they are not relaxing: "Hatred of Israel and Turkish racism - in the eyes of Erdogan in Berlin". Walla!
- ↑ (Jun 5, 2015). Turkish elections: Turkey's Kurd-hating Grey Wolves spreading neo-nazi poison across Europe, ibtimes
- ↑ (Sep 20, 2021). Will the grey wolves- Erdogan's long arm in the world-end up on EU and US terrorist list? World. Times of India
- ↑ Sanz, Alba. (June 10, 2021). "Grey Wolves labelled as terrorist organisation by European Parliament." Atalayar.
- ↑ (June 3, 2024). Turkey summons German envoy in row over Demiral's nationalist gesture. AFP. "Istanbul (AFP) – Turkey on Wednesday summoned Germany's ambassador over a row that erupted due to Turkish defender Merih Demiral making an alleged ultra-nationalist gesture as he celebrated scoring in the win against Austria at Euro 2024."