Difference between revisions of "Biblical weights and measures"
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! width="300" | Biblical References | ! width="300" | Biblical References | ||
|- | |- | ||
| − | | Cubit | + | | Cubit<ref>Goliath's height is provided in cubits in the [[1st Samuel, Chapter 17|1 Samuel 17:4]], putting his height at 9.5 feet.</ref> |
| <center>Heb. ''ammah''<br/>2 spans<br/>from elbow to fingertip</center> | | <center>Heb. ''ammah''<br/>2 spans<br/>from elbow to fingertip</center> | ||
| <center>17.5 inches</center> | | <center>17.5 inches</center> | ||
| Line 98: | Line 98: | ||
| [[Ezekiel, Chapter 40|Eze 40:3, 5-8]], [[Ezekiel, Chapter 41|Eze 41:8]], [[Ezekiel, Chapter 42|Eze 42:16-19]] | | [[Ezekiel, Chapter 40|Eze 40:3, 5-8]], [[Ezekiel, Chapter 41|Eze 41:8]], [[Ezekiel, Chapter 42|Eze 42:16-19]] | ||
|- | |- | ||
| − | | Span | + | | Span<ref>In addition to cubits, the "span" is also used in the measurement of Goliath's height, as provided in the [[1st Samuel, Chapter 17|1 Samuel 17:4]].</ref> |
| <center>Heb. ''zereth''<br/>width of outstretched hand<br/>3 handbreadths</center> | | <center>Heb. ''zereth''<br/>width of outstretched hand<br/>3 handbreadths</center> | ||
| <center>9 inches</center> | | <center>9 inches</center> | ||
| Line 104: | Line 104: | ||
| [[Exodus, Chapter 28|Exo 28:16]], [[Exodus, Chapter 39|Exo 39:9]], [[1st Samuel, Chapter 17|1 Sam 17:4]], [[Isaiah, Chapter 40|Isa 40:12]] | | [[Exodus, Chapter 28|Exo 28:16]], [[Exodus, Chapter 39|Exo 39:9]], [[1st Samuel, Chapter 17|1 Sam 17:4]], [[Isaiah, Chapter 40|Isa 40:12]] | ||
|- | |- | ||
| + | !colspan="5" align="center" style="color: black; height: 30px; background: tan no-repeat scroll top left;"|Liquid Measures | ||
| + | |- | ||
| + | ! width="200" | Type of liquid measure | ||
| + | ! width="200" | Old Testament Measure<br/>(approximate equivalent) | ||
| + | ! width="200" | Imperial Measure<br/>(approx. equivalent) | ||
| + | ! width="200" | Metric Measure<br/>(approx. equivalent) | ||
| + | ! width="300" | Biblical References | ||
| + | |- | ||
| + | | Bath | ||
| + | | <center>6 hins</center> | ||
| + | | <center>9 gallons</center> | ||
| + | | <center>34 liters</center> | ||
| + | | [[1st Kings, Chapter 7|1 Ki 7:26, 38]], [[2nd Chronicles, Chapter 2|2 Chr 2:10]], [[2nd Chronicles, Chapter 4|2 Chr 4:5]], [[Ezra, Chapter 7|Ezr 7:22]], [[Isaiah, Chapter 5|Isa 5:10]], [[Ezekiel, Chapter 45|Eze 45:10-11, 14]] | ||
| + | |- | ||
| + | | Hin | ||
| + | | <center>12 logs</center> | ||
| + | | <center>1.5 gallons</center> | ||
| + | | <center>5.7 liters</center> | ||
| + | | [[Exodus, Chapter 29|Exo 29:40]], [[Exodus, Chapter 30|Exo 30:24]], [[Leviticus, Chapter 19|Lev 19:36]], [[Numbers, Chapter 15|Num 15:7]], [[Ezekiel, Chapter 46|Eze 46:5]] | ||
| + | |- | ||
| + | | Homer | ||
| + | | <center>10 baths</center> | ||
| + | | <center>90 gallons</center> | ||
| + | | <center>340 liters</center> | ||
| + | | [[Ezekiel, Chapter 45|Eze 45:11, 14]] | ||
| + | |- | ||
| + | | Log | ||
| + | | | ||
| + | | <center>less than 1 pint</center> | ||
| + | | <center>0.5 liter</center> | ||
| + | | [[Leviticus, Chapter 14|Lev 14:10, 12, 15, 21, 24]] | ||
| + | |- | ||
| + | !colspan="5" align="center" style="color: black; height: 30px; background: tan no-repeat scroll top left;"|Dry Measures | ||
| + | |- | ||
| + | ! width="200" | Type of dry measure | ||
| + | ! width="200" | Old Testament Measure<br/>(approximate equivalent) | ||
| + | ! width="200" | Imperial Measure<br/>(approx. equivalent) | ||
| + | ! width="200" | Metric Measure<br/>(approx. equivalent) | ||
| + | ! width="300" | Biblical References | ||
| + | |- | ||
| + | | Cab | ||
| + | | <center>4 logs</center> | ||
| + | | <center>3.5 pints</center> | ||
| + | | <center>2 liters</center> | ||
| + | | [[2nd Kings, Chapter 6|2 Ki 6:25]] | ||
| + | |- | ||
| + | | Ephah | ||
| + | | <center>10 omers</center> | ||
| + | | <center>0.95 bushels</center> | ||
| + | | <center>34 liters</center> | ||
| + | | [[Exodus, Chapter 16|Exo 16:36]], [[Leviticus, Chapter 5|Lev 5:11]], [[Leviticus, Chapter 6|Lev 6:20]], [[Leviticus, Chapter 9|Lev 19:36]], [[Numbers, Chapter 5|Num 5:15]], [[Numbers, Chapter 28|Num 28:5]], [[Ruth, Chapter 2|Ruth 2:17]] | ||
| + | |- | ||
| + | | Homer | ||
| + | | <center>10 ephahs</center> | ||
| + | | <center>9.5 bushels</center> | ||
| + | | <center>340 liters</center> | ||
| + | | [[Leviticus, Chapter 27|Lev 27:16]], [[Numbers, Chapter 11|Num 11:32]], [[Isaiah, Chapter 5|Isa 5:10]], [[Ezekiel, Chapter 45|Ruth 45:11,13]], [[Hosea, Chapter 3|Hos 3:2]] | ||
| + | |- | ||
| + | | Measure | ||
| + | | <center>Heb: ''seah''<br/>6 cabs</center> | ||
| + | | <center>20 pints</center> | ||
| + | | <center>11 liters</center> | ||
| + | | [[2nd Kings, Chapter 7|2 Ki 7:1,16,18]] | ||
| + | |- | ||
| + | | Omer | ||
| + | | <center>7 logs<br/>10% of an ephah</center> | ||
| + | | <center>6.5 pints</center> | ||
| + | | <center>3.6 liters</center> | ||
| + | | [[Exodus, Chapter 16|Exo 16:16,18,32,33,36]] | ||
| + | |- | ||
| + | !colspan="5" align="center" style="color: black; height: 30px; background: tan no-repeat scroll top left;"|Money | ||
| + | |- | ||
| + | ! width="200" | Type of money | ||
| + | ! width="200" | Hebrew name used | ||
| + | ! width="200" | U.S. dollar value<br/>(approx. equivalent) | ||
| + | ! width="200" | British pound value<br/>(approx. equivalent) | ||
| + | ! width="300" | Biblical References | ||
| + | |- | ||
| + | | Piece of money | ||
| + | | <center>Heb: ''qsitah''<ref>called "pieces of silver" in [[Job, Chapter 42|Job 42:11]]</ref></center> | ||
| + | | <center>$ 0.64</center> | ||
| + | | <center>£ 0.43</center> | ||
| + | | [[Genesis, Chapter 33|Gen 33:19]], [[Joshua, Chapter 24|Jos 24:32]] | ||
| + | |- | ||
| + | | Piece of silver | ||
| + | | <center>Heb: ''keseph''</center> | ||
| + | | <center>$ 0.26</center> | ||
| + | | <center>£ 0.17</center> | ||
| + | | [[Genesis, Chapter 20|Gen 20:16]] | ||
| + | |- | ||
| + | | Shekel | ||
| + | | <center>Heb: ''shekel''</center> | ||
| + | | <center>$ 0.16</center> | ||
| + | | <center>£ 0.11</center> | ||
| + | | [[Exodus, Chapter 30|Exo 30:15]], [[Leviticus, Chapter 5|Lev 5:15]] | ||
| + | |- | ||
| + | | Talent | ||
| + | | <center>Heb: ''kikar''<br/>"circle"<ref>a reference to the shape of the talent itself, and not the weight</ref></center> | ||
| + | | <center>substantial<ref>Both dollar and pound amounts are unknown due to the approximate weight of the talent, which was estimated to be about 75 pounds or 34 kilograms</ref></center> | ||
| + | | <center>substantial</center> | ||
| + | | [[Exodus, Chapter 25|Exo 25:39]], [[1st Kings, Chapter 9|1 Kings 9:14]] | ||
| + | |- | ||
| + | |- | ||
| + | |} | ||
| + | |||
| + | {| border="1" align="center" cellpadding="5" cellspacing="0" width="1000" style="margin-left:5px" | ||
| + | |align="center" colspan="5"| | ||
| + | |- | ||
| + | !colspan="5" align="center" style="color: white; height: 30px; background: #800080 no-repeat scroll top left;"|New Testament Weights and Measures | ||
| + | |- | ||
| + | !colspan="5" align="center" style="color: white; height: 30px; background: #808000 no-repeat scroll top left;"|Weights | ||
| + | |- | ||
| + | ! width="200" | Type of Weight | ||
| + | ! width="200" | New Testament Measure<br/>(approximate equivalent) | ||
| + | ! width="200" | Imperial Measure<br/>(approx. equivalent) | ||
| + | ! width="200" | Metric Measure<br/>(approx. equivalent) | ||
| + | ! width="300" | Biblical References | ||
| + | |- | ||
| + | | Pound | ||
| + | | <center>Greek: ''litra''</center> | ||
| + | | <center>12 oz</center> | ||
| + | | <center>34 kg</center> | ||
| + | | [[Revelation, Chapter 16|Rev 16:21]], [[John, Chapter 19|John 19:39]] | ||
| + | |- | ||
| + | | Talent | ||
| + | | <center>Greek: ''talanton''</center> | ||
| + | | <center>75 lbs</center> | ||
| + | | <center>340 g</center> | ||
| + | | [[John, Chapter 12|John 12:3]], [[John, Chapter 19|John 19:39]] | ||
| + | |- | ||
| + | !colspan="5" align="center" style="color: white; height: 30px; background: #808000 no-repeat scroll top left;"|Length | ||
| + | |- | ||
| + | ! width="200" | Type of length | ||
| + | ! width="200" | New Testament Measure<br/>(approximate equivalent) | ||
| + | ! width="200" | Imperial Measure<br/>(approx. equivalent) | ||
| + | ! width="200" | Metric Measure<br/>(approx. equivalent) | ||
| + | ! width="300" | Biblical References | ||
| + | |- | ||
| + | | Cubit | ||
| + | | <center>Greek: ''pechus''<br/>elbow to fingertip, or 2 spans</center> | ||
| + | | <center>18 in</center> | ||
| + | | <center>450 mm</center> | ||
| + | | [[Matthew, Chapter 6|Matt 6:27]], [[Luke, Chapter 12|Luke 12:25]] | ||
| + | |- | ||
| + | | Fathom | ||
| + | | <center>Greek: ''orguia''</center> | ||
| + | | <center>6 feet</center> | ||
| + | | <center>1.83 m</center> | ||
| + | | [[Acts, Chapter 27|Acts 2:28]] | ||
| + | |- | ||
| + | | Furlong | ||
| + | | <center>Greek: ''stadion''</center> | ||
| + | | <center>660 feet</center> | ||
| + | | <center>200 m</center> | ||
| + | | [[Luke, Chapter 24|Luke 24:13]], [[John, Chapter 6|John 6:19]], [[Revelation, Chapter 14|Rev 14:20]], [[Revelation, Chapter 21|Rev 21:16]] | ||
| + | |- | ||
| + | | Mile | ||
| + | | <center>Greek: ''milion''<br/>Roman mile</center> | ||
| + | | <center>4,986 feet<ref>or 0.944 length of a modern mile</ref></center> | ||
| + | | <center>1,520 m</center> | ||
| + | | [[Luke, Chapter 24|Luke 24:13]], [[John, Chapter 6|John 6:19]], [[Revelation, Chapter 14|Rev 14:20]], [[Revelation, Chapter 21|Rev 21:16]] | ||
| + | |- | ||
| + | !colspan="5" align="center" style="color: white; height: 30px; background: #808000 no-repeat scroll top left;"|Liquid Measures | ||
| + | |- | ||
| + | ! width="200" | Type of liquid measure | ||
| + | ! width="200" | New Testament Measure<br/>(approximate equivalent) | ||
| + | ! width="200" | Imperial Measure<br/>(approx. equivalent) | ||
| + | ! width="200" | Metric Measure<br/>(approx. equivalent) | ||
| + | ! width="300" | Biblical References | ||
| + | |- | ||
| + | | Firkin | ||
| + | | <center>Greek: ''metretes''<br/>Heb: ''bath''</center> | ||
| + | | <center>9 gallons</center> | ||
| + | | <center>34 liters</center> | ||
| + | | [[John, Chapter 2|John 2:6]] | ||
| + | |- | ||
| + | !colspan="5" align="center" style="color: white; height: 30px; background: #808000 no-repeat scroll top left;"|Dry Measures | ||
| + | |- | ||
| + | ! width="200" | Type of dry measure | ||
| + | ! width="200" | New Testament Measure<br/>(approximate equivalent) | ||
| + | ! width="200" | Imperial Measure<br/>(approx. equivalent) | ||
| + | ! width="200" | Metric Measure<br/>(approx. equivalent) | ||
| + | ! width="300" | Biblical References | ||
| + | |- | ||
| + | | Bushel | ||
| + | | <center>Greek: ''modios''</center> | ||
| + | | <center>2 dry gallons</center> | ||
| + | | <center>8.8 liters</center> | ||
| + | | [[Matthew, Chapter 4|Matt 4:21]], [[Matthew, Chapter 5|Matt 5:15]], [[Luke, Chapter 11|Luke 11:33]] | ||
| + | |- | ||
| + | !colspan="5" align="center" style="color: white; height: 30px; background: #808000 no-repeat scroll top left;"|Money<ref>Exchange rates listed here are based upon 1st century rates and their modern equivalent.</ref> | ||
| + | |- | ||
| + | ! width="200" | Type of money | ||
| + | ! width="200" | Greek name used | ||
| + | ! width="200" | U.S. dollar value<br/>(approx. equivalent) | ||
| + | ! width="200" | British pound value<br/>(approx. equivalent) | ||
| + | ! width="300" | Biblical References | ||
| + | |- | ||
| + | | Drachme<ref>a day's wage</ref> | ||
| + | | <center>Greek: ''drachme''<ref>known also as the ''drachma'' or ''denarius''</ref></center> | ||
| + | | <center>$ 0.16</center> | ||
| + | | <center>£ 0.11</center> | ||
| + | | [[Luke, Chapter 15|Luke 15:8]] | ||
| + | |- | ||
| + | | Farthing | ||
| + | | <center>Greek: ''kodrantes''<br/>2 lepta<ref>2 of the mites, [[Mark, Chapter 12|Mark 12:42]]</ref></center> | ||
| + | | <center>$ 0.01<ref>usually a quarter of this amount</ref></center> | ||
| + | | <center>£ 0.01<ref>usually a sixth of this amount</ref></center> | ||
| + | | [[Matthew, Chapter 5|Matt 5:26]] | ||
| + | |- | ||
| + | | Farthing (2) | ||
| + | | <center>Greek: ''assarion''<br/>8 lepta<ref>2 of the mites, [[Mark, Chapter 12|Mark 12:42]]</ref></center> | ||
| + | | <center>$ 0.01</center> | ||
| + | | <center>£ 0.01<ref>usually 2 thirds of this amount</ref></center> | ||
| + | | [[Matthew, Chapter 10|Matt 10:29]], [[Luke, Chapter 12|Luke 12:6]] | ||
| + | |- | ||
| + | | Mite | ||
| + | | <center>Greek: ''lepton''<br/>0.5 of a ''kodrantes''/farthing<ref>2 of the mites, [[Mark, Chapter 12|Mark 12:42]]</ref></center> | ||
| + | | <center>$ 0.01<ref>1/8 of this amount</ref></center> | ||
| + | | <center>£ 0.01<ref>1/12 of this amount</ref></center> | ||
| + | | [[Mark, Chapter 12|Mark 12:42]], [[Luke, Chapter 12|Luke 12:59]], [[Luke, Chapter 21|Luke 21:2]] | ||
| + | |- | ||
| + | | Pence | ||
| + | | <center>Greek: ''denaria''<br/><ref>16 assaria farthings in [[Matthew, Chapter 10|Matt 10:29]]</ref></center> | ||
| + | | <center>$ 0.20</center> | ||
| + | | <center>£ 0.13</center> | ||
| + | | [[Matthew, Chapter 18|Matt 18:28]], [[Mark, Chapter 14|Mark 14:5]], [[Luke, Chapter 7|Luke 7:41]], [[John, Chapter 12|John 12:5]] | ||
| + | |- | ||
| + | | Penny | ||
| + | | <center>Greek: ''denarion''<br/><ref>16 assaria<br/>a day's wages</ref></center> | ||
| + | | <center>$ 0.20</center> | ||
| + | | <center>£ 0.13</center> | ||
| + | | [[Matthew, Chapter 20|Matt 20:2,9,10,13]], [[Matthew, Chapter 22|Matt 22:19]], [[Mark, Chapter 6|Mark 6:37]], [[Mark, Chapter 12|Mark 12:15]], [[Luke, Chapter 20|Luke 20:24]], [[John, Chapter 6|John 6:7]], [[Revelation, Chapter 6|Rev 6:6]] | ||
| + | |- | ||
| + | | Piece of money | ||
| + | | <center>Greek: ''stater''<br/><ref>New Testament ''shekel''<br/>4 days' wages</ref></center> | ||
| + | | <center>$ 0.64</center> | ||
| + | | <center>£ 0.43</center> | ||
| + | | [[Matthew, Chapter 17|Matt 17:27]] | ||
| + | |- | ||
| + | | Piece of [[silver]] | ||
| + | | <center>Greek: ''argurion''<br/><ref>The word ''drachme'' is used for this in [[Luke, Chapter 15|Luke 15:8]]</ref></center> | ||
| + | | <center>$ 0.16</center> | ||
| + | | <center>£ 0.11</center> | ||
| + | | [[Matthew, Chapter 27|Matt 27:3]] | ||
| + | |- | ||
| + | | Pound | ||
| + | | <center>Greek: ''mina''<br/>100 ''denaria''<ref>Or 100 pennies in [[Matthew, Chapter 20|Matt 20:2]]</ref></center> | ||
| + | | <center>$ 20.00</center> | ||
| + | | <center>£ 13.00</center> | ||
| + | | [[Luke, Chapter 19|Luke 19:13,16,18,20,24,25]] | ||
| + | |- | ||
| + | | Talent | ||
| + | | <center>Greek: ''talanton''<br/>60 ''mina''<ref>Or 60 pounds in [[Luke, Chapter 19|Luke 19:13]]</ref></center> | ||
| + | | <center>$ 1,200.00</center> | ||
| + | | <center>£ 800.00</center> | ||
| + | | [[Matthew, Chapter 18|Matt 18:24]], [[Matthew, Chapter 25|Matt 25:15,16,20,22,24,25,28]] | ||
| + | |- | ||
| + | | Tribute | ||
| + | | <center>Greek: ''didrachmon''<br/><ref>New Testament half-shekel; 2 days' wages</ref></center> | ||
| + | | <center>$ 0.32</center> | ||
| + | | <center>£ 0.21</center> | ||
| + | | [[Matthew, Chapter 17|Matt 17:24]], [[Matthew, Chapter 22|Matt 22:19]] | ||
|- | |- | ||
|} | |} | ||
| + | {| border="1" align="center" cellpadding="4" cellspacing="0" width="1000" style="margin-left:5px" | ||
| + | |align="center" colspan="5"| | ||
| + | |- | ||
| + | !colspan="4" align="center" style="color: white; height: 30px; background: brown no-repeat scroll top left;"|Time | ||
| + | |- | ||
| + | !colspan="4" align="center" style="color: black; height: 30px; background: tan no-repeat scroll top left;"|Old Testament Time | ||
| + | |- | ||
| + | ! width="100" | Unit of Time | ||
| + | ! width="300" | Name | ||
| + | ! width="300" | Time covered | ||
| + | ! width="300" | Biblical References | ||
| + | |- | ||
| + | | Watch | ||
| + | | <center>Morning watch</center> | ||
| + | | <center>2:00 AM to 6:00 AM</center> | ||
| + | | [[Exodus, Chapter 14|Exo 14:24]] | ||
| + | |- | ||
| + | | | ||
| + | | <center>Middle watch</center> | ||
| + | | <center>10:00 PM to 2:00 AM</center> | ||
| + | | [[Judges, Chapter 7|Jud 7:19]] | ||
| + | |- | ||
| + | !colspan="4" align="center" style="color: white; height: 30px; background: #800080 no-repeat scroll top left;"|New Testament Time | ||
| + | |- | ||
| + | ! width="100" | Unit of Time | ||
| + | ! width="300" | Name | ||
| + | ! width="300" | Time covered | ||
| + | ! width="300" | Biblical References | ||
| + | |- | ||
| + | | Watch | ||
| + | | <center>First watch</center> | ||
| + | | <center>6:00 PM to 9:00 PM</center> | ||
| + | | not mentioned | ||
| + | |- | ||
| + | | | ||
| + | | <center>Second watch</center> | ||
| + | | <center>9:00 PM to 12:00 midnight</center> | ||
| + | | [[Luke, Chapter 12|Luke 12:38]] | ||
| + | |- | ||
| + | | | ||
| + | | <center>Third watch</center> | ||
| + | | <center>Midnight to 3:00 AM</center> | ||
| + | | [[Luke, Chapter 12|Luke 12:38]] | ||
| + | |- | ||
| + | | | ||
| + | | <center>Fourth watch</center> | ||
| + | | <center>3:00 AM to 6:00 AM</center> | ||
| + | | [[Matthew, Chapter 14|Matt 14:25]] | ||
| + | |- | ||
| + | |} | ||
| + | |||
| + | ==Footnotes== | ||
| + | <small><references/></small> | ||
[[Category:Bible]] | [[Category:Bible]] | ||
| + | [[Category:Conservapedia Study Bible]] | ||
[[Category:Lists]] | [[Category:Lists]] | ||
| + | [[Category:Biblical Tables]] | ||
Latest revision as of 16:56, July 30, 2025
| Old Testament Weights and Measures | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Weights | ||||
| Type of Weight | Old Testament Measure (approximate equivalent) |
Imperial Measure (approx. equivalent) |
Metric Measure (approx. equivalent) |
Biblical References |
| Bekah | Exodus 38:26 | |||
| Dram | lit, a handful of drachmae or darics |
1st Chr 29:7, Ezra 2:69, Ezra 8:27, Ne 7:70-72 | ||
| Gerah | Exodus 30:13, Lev 27:25, Num 3:47, Num 18:16 Eze 45:12 | |||
| Gerah | Ex 30:13, Lev 27:25, Num 3:47, Num 18:16 Eze 45:12 | |||
| Pound | 300 shekels |
1 King 10.17, Ezra 2:69, Neh 7:71-72 | ||
| Shekel | 2 bekahs |
Gen 23:15-16, Exo 21:32 | ||
| Shekel of the sanctuary | Exodus 38:24-25, Lev 27:3-7, Num 7:13-14, Num 18:16 | |||
| Shekel after the king's weight | 2 Sam 14:26 | |||
| Talent | 3,000 shekels |
Exodus 25:39, Exodus 37:24, Exodus 38:24-25, 1 King 9:14, 28, 2 King 5:5, 22-23 | ||
| Lengths | ||||
| Type of Length | Old Testament Measure (approximate equivalent) |
Imperial Measure (approx. equivalent) |
Metric Measure (approx. equivalent) |
Biblical References |
| Cubit[1] | 2 spans from elbow to fingertip |
Gen 6:15-16, Exo 26:28 | ||
| Royal cubit | plus 1 handbreadth |
2 Chr 3:3, Eze 40:5 | ||
| Handbreadth | width of hand at the base |
Exo 37:12, 2 Chr 4:5, Ps 39:5 | ||
| Reed | 6 cubits |
Eze 40:3, 5-8, Eze 41:8, Eze 42:16-19 | ||
| Span[2] | width of outstretched hand 3 handbreadths |
Exo 28:16, Exo 39:9, 1 Sam 17:4, Isa 40:12 | ||
| Liquid Measures | ||||
| Type of liquid measure | Old Testament Measure (approximate equivalent) |
Imperial Measure (approx. equivalent) |
Metric Measure (approx. equivalent) |
Biblical References |
| Bath | 1 Ki 7:26, 38, 2 Chr 2:10, 2 Chr 4:5, Ezr 7:22, Isa 5:10, Eze 45:10-11, 14 | |||
| Hin | Exo 29:40, Exo 30:24, Lev 19:36, Num 15:7, Eze 46:5 | |||
| Homer | Eze 45:11, 14 | |||
| Log | Lev 14:10, 12, 15, 21, 24 | |||
| Dry Measures | ||||
| Type of dry measure | Old Testament Measure (approximate equivalent) |
Imperial Measure (approx. equivalent) |
Metric Measure (approx. equivalent) |
Biblical References |
| Cab | 2 Ki 6:25 | |||
| Ephah | Exo 16:36, Lev 5:11, Lev 6:20, Lev 19:36, Num 5:15, Num 28:5, Ruth 2:17 | |||
| Homer | Lev 27:16, Num 11:32, Isa 5:10, Ruth 45:11,13, Hos 3:2 | |||
| Measure | 6 cabs |
2 Ki 7:1,16,18 | ||
| Omer | 10% of an ephah |
Exo 16:16,18,32,33,36 | ||
| Money | ||||
| Type of money | Hebrew name used | U.S. dollar value (approx. equivalent) |
British pound value (approx. equivalent) |
Biblical References |
| Piece of money | Gen 33:19, Jos 24:32 | |||
| Piece of silver | Gen 20:16 | |||
| Shekel | Exo 30:15, Lev 5:15 | |||
| Talent | "circle"[4] |
Exo 25:39, 1 Kings 9:14 | ||
| New Testament Weights and Measures | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Weights | ||||
| Type of Weight | New Testament Measure (approximate equivalent) |
Imperial Measure (approx. equivalent) |
Metric Measure (approx. equivalent) |
Biblical References |
| Pound | Rev 16:21, John 19:39 | |||
| Talent | John 12:3, John 19:39 | |||
| Length | ||||
| Type of length | New Testament Measure (approximate equivalent) |
Imperial Measure (approx. equivalent) |
Metric Measure (approx. equivalent) |
Biblical References |
| Cubit | elbow to fingertip, or 2 spans |
Matt 6:27, Luke 12:25 | ||
| Fathom | Acts 2:28 | |||
| Furlong | Luke 24:13, John 6:19, Rev 14:20, Rev 21:16 | |||
| Mile | Roman mile |
Luke 24:13, John 6:19, Rev 14:20, Rev 21:16 | ||
| Liquid Measures | ||||
| Type of liquid measure | New Testament Measure (approximate equivalent) |
Imperial Measure (approx. equivalent) |
Metric Measure (approx. equivalent) |
Biblical References |
| Firkin | Heb: bath |
John 2:6 | ||
| Dry Measures | ||||
| Type of dry measure | New Testament Measure (approximate equivalent) |
Imperial Measure (approx. equivalent) |
Metric Measure (approx. equivalent) |
Biblical References |
| Bushel | Matt 4:21, Matt 5:15, Luke 11:33 | |||
| Money[7] | ||||
| Type of money | Greek name used | U.S. dollar value (approx. equivalent) |
British pound value (approx. equivalent) |
Biblical References |
| Drachme[8] | Luke 15:8 | |||
| Farthing | 2 lepta[10] |
Matt 5:26 | ||
| Farthing (2) | 8 lepta[13] |
Matt 10:29, Luke 12:6 | ||
| Mite | 0.5 of a kodrantes/farthing[15] |
Mark 12:42, Luke 12:59, Luke 21:2 | ||
| Pence | [18] |
Matt 18:28, Mark 14:5, Luke 7:41, John 12:5 | ||
| Penny | [19] |
Matt 20:2,9,10,13, Matt 22:19, Mark 6:37, Mark 12:15, Luke 20:24, John 6:7, Rev 6:6 | ||
| Piece of money | [20] |
Matt 17:27 | ||
| Piece of silver | [21] |
Matt 27:3 | ||
| Pound | 100 denaria[22] |
Luke 19:13,16,18,20,24,25 | ||
| Talent | 60 mina[23] |
Matt 18:24, Matt 25:15,16,20,22,24,25,28 | ||
| Tribute | [24] |
Matt 17:24, Matt 22:19 | ||
| Time | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Old Testament Time | ||||
| Unit of Time | Name | Time covered | Biblical References | |
| Watch | Exo 14:24 | |||
| Jud 7:19 | ||||
| New Testament Time | ||||
| Unit of Time | Name | Time covered | Biblical References | |
| Watch | not mentioned | |||
| Luke 12:38 | ||||
| Luke 12:38 | ||||
| Matt 14:25 | ||||
Footnotes
- ↑ Goliath's height is provided in cubits in the 1 Samuel 17:4, putting his height at 9.5 feet.
- ↑ In addition to cubits, the "span" is also used in the measurement of Goliath's height, as provided in the 1 Samuel 17:4.
- ↑ called "pieces of silver" in Job 42:11
- ↑ a reference to the shape of the talent itself, and not the weight
- ↑ Both dollar and pound amounts are unknown due to the approximate weight of the talent, which was estimated to be about 75 pounds or 34 kilograms
- ↑ or 0.944 length of a modern mile
- ↑ Exchange rates listed here are based upon 1st century rates and their modern equivalent.
- ↑ a day's wage
- ↑ known also as the drachma or denarius
- ↑ 2 of the mites, Mark 12:42
- ↑ usually a quarter of this amount
- ↑ usually a sixth of this amount
- ↑ 2 of the mites, Mark 12:42
- ↑ usually 2 thirds of this amount
- ↑ 2 of the mites, Mark 12:42
- ↑ 1/8 of this amount
- ↑ 1/12 of this amount
- ↑ 16 assaria farthings in Matt 10:29
- ↑ 16 assaria
a day's wages - ↑ New Testament shekel
4 days' wages - ↑ The word drachme is used for this in Luke 15:8
- ↑ Or 100 pennies in Matt 20:2
- ↑ Or 60 pounds in Luke 19:13
- ↑ New Testament half-shekel; 2 days' wages