Difference between revisions of "Macroevolution"

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'''Macroevolution''' is a term used by [[Creationists]] to distinguish between what they perceive as different processes within the [[Theory of Evolution]].  However, scientists do not make this distinction, noting that the only difference between micro and macro evolution is the amount of time involved.
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[[File:Microevolutionmacroevolution.PNG|alt=evolution darwin theory|right|thumb|300px|Microevolution involves changes to species within similar types of species. In contrast, macroevolution is accumulation of microevolutionary changes over long periods of time and may involve emergence of new species. The causes of a new species could be due to design, nature, or a combination of both.]]
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'''Macroevolution''' is a distinction made by some evolutionists and all [[young earth creationism|biblical creationists]] that separates the change of certain characteristics of various kinds of animals (causing [[species|speciation]]), from the changes that [[natural selection]], [[mutation]]s, and genetic drift that allegedly, given enough time, lead to the creation of radically different, new [[Baraminology|kinds of organisms]] consisting of a single common ancestor and all the descendants of that ancestor.<ref>https://catalog.loc.gov/vwebv/search?searchCode=LCCN&searchArg=37033383&searchType=1&permalink=y</ref><ref>https://evolution.berkeley.edu/evolibrary/article/evo_48</ref><ref>https://www.dictionary.com/browse/macroevolution</ref><ref>https://www.icr.org/article/what-difference-between-macroevolution-microevolut/</ref> For example, evolutionists have false alleged that [[bird]]s are the descendants of [[reptile]]s and that [[mankind]] descended from a common ancestor of [[ape]]sMacroevolution has never happened and the earth is approximately [[Young earth creationism|6,000 years old]] and not billions of years old. Some prominent modern biologists have made a distinction between microevolution and macroevolution (for example, see quotes of prominent evolutionists below).  
  
Macroevolution refers to the theory that [[natural selection]] can, given enough time, lead to the creation of new [[clade]]s, which are groups of organisms consisting of a single common ancestor and all the descendants of that ancestor. While details of macroevolution are continuously studied by the scientific community, the overall theory behind macroevolution (i.e. [[common descent]]) has been overwhelmingly consistent with empirical data. Predictions of empirical data from the theory of common descent have been so consistent that biologists often refer to it as the on as the "''fact'' of evolution".
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Dr. [[Roger Lewin]] commented after the 1980 University of Chicago conference entitled “Macroevolution”:
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{{cquote|“The central question of the Chicago conference was whether the mechanisms underlying microevolution can be extrapolated to explain the phenomena of macroevolution. … At the risk of doing violence to the positions of some of the people at the meeting, the answer can be given as a clear, No.” <ref>[http://www.creationworldview.org/articles_view.asp?id=116 Dr. Roger Lewin, “Evolution Theory under Fire,”] Science. Vol. 210, 21 November 1980. p. 883-887, as quoted by Dr. [[Grady S. McMurtry]]</ref>}}
  
Creationists accept that evolutionary change is possible within species ("microevolution"), but deny that one species can evolve into another ("macroevolution"). These arguments are rejected by mainstream science, which holds that there is ample evidence that macroevolution has occurred in the past.
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In 1988, the prominent [[Harvard University]] biologist [[Ernst Mayr]] wrote in his essay ''Does Microevolution Explain Macroevolution''?:
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{{cquote|Among all the claims made during the [[Modern evolutionary synthesis|evolutionary synthesis]], perhaps the one that found least acceptance was the assertion that all phenomena of macroevolution can be ‘reduced to,' that is, explained by, microevolutionary genetic processes. Not surprisingly, this claim was usually supported by geneticists but was widely rejected by the very biologists who dealt with macroevolution, the morphologists and paleontologists. Many of them insisted that there is more or less complete discontinuity between the processes at the two levels—that what happens at the species level is entirely different from what happens at the level of the higher categories. Now, 50 years later the controversy remains undecided.
  
==Methods of Macroevolution==
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...In this respect, indeed, macroevolution as a field of study is completely decoupled from microevolution.<ref>http://bioinfo.med.utoronto.ca/Evolution_by_Accident/Macroevolution.html</ref>}}
 
 
:[[natural selection]] - is the mechanism by which allele frequency within a population changes over time due to genetic variation and selection pressures.<ref>http://evolution.berkeley.edu/evosite/evo101/IIIENaturalSelection.shtml</ref>
 
:[[genetic drift]] - is the statistical effect that results from the influence that chance has on the survival of alleles.<ref>http://evolution.berkeley.edu/evosite/evo101/IIIDGeneticdrift.shtml</ref>
 
:[[sexual selection]] - is the hypothesis proposed by Charles Darwin that states that the frequency of traits can increase or decrease depending on the attractiveness of the bearer.<ref>http://evolution.berkeley.edu/evosite/evo101/IIIE3Sexualselection.shtml</ref>
 
:[[neutral evolution]] - is the vast majority of molecular differences are selectively "neutral." The molecular changes represented by these differences do not influence the fitness of the individual organism. As a result, these genomic features are neither subject to, nor explicable by, natural selection.<ref>http://evolution.berkeley.edu/evosite/evo101/IIIE5bNeutraltheory.shtml</ref>
 
:[[allopatric speciation]] - is when a population splits into two geographically isolated allopatric populations then undergo genotypic and/or phenotypic divergence as they become subjected to dissimilar selective pressures or they independently undergo genetic drift.<ref>http://users.rcn.com/jkimball.ma.ultranet/BiologyPages/S/Speciation.html</ref><ref>http://evolution.berkeley.edu/evosite/evo101/VC1bAllopatric.shtml</ref>
 
:[[peripatric speciation]] - is when new species are formed in isolated, small peripheral populations which are prevented from exchanging genes with the main population.<ref>http://evolution.berkeley.edu/evosite/evo101/VC1cPeripatric.shtml</ref>
 
:[[parapatric speciation]] - is when the zones of two diverging populations are separate but do overlap.<ref>http://evolution.berkeley.edu/evosite/evo101/VC1dParapatric.shtml</ref>
 
:[[sympatric speciation]]- is when species diverge while inhabiting the same place.<ref>http://evolution.berkeley.edu/evosite/evo101/VC1eSympatric.shtml</ref>
 
  
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The term macroevolution is often hated by ill-informed, militant, internet evolutionists (especially evolutionist poseurs who knew that evolution is lie and an ill attempted escape from biblical authority) because they are unable to demonstrate that macroevolution occurred and they also unable to satisfactorily answer the reasonable objections/questions posed to them by biblical creationists and [[intelligent design]] theorists (for example, the 15 questions for evolutionists of the [[Question evolution! campaign]] initiated by [[Creation Ministries International]])<ref>[https://creation.com/15-questions 15 questions for evolutionists]</ref><ref>[http://questionevolution.blogspot.com/2012/10/evolutionist-posers-naive-evolutionists.html Naive evolutionists, evolutionist poseurs and the headlights of the Question Evolution! Campaign]</ref>
  
 
==See also==
 
==See also==
 
*[[Microevolution]]
 
*[[Microevolution]]
 
*[[Theory of evolution]]
 
*[[Theory of evolution]]
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*[[Question evolution! campaign]]
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*[[95 Theses against Evolution]]
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==External links==
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*[http://www.answersingenesis.org/home/area/faq/mutations.asp Answers In Genesis]
  
 
==References==
 
==References==
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[[Category:Evolution]]
 
[[Category:Evolution]]
[[Category:Science]]
 
 
[[Category:Biology]]
 
[[Category:Biology]]

Latest revision as of 21:07, September 5, 2025

evolution darwin theory
Microevolution involves changes to species within similar types of species. In contrast, macroevolution is accumulation of microevolutionary changes over long periods of time and may involve emergence of new species. The causes of a new species could be due to design, nature, or a combination of both.

Macroevolution is a distinction made by some evolutionists and all biblical creationists that separates the change of certain characteristics of various kinds of animals (causing speciation), from the changes that natural selection, mutations, and genetic drift that allegedly, given enough time, lead to the creation of radically different, new kinds of organisms consisting of a single common ancestor and all the descendants of that ancestor.[1][2][3][4] For example, evolutionists have false alleged that birds are the descendants of reptiles and that mankind descended from a common ancestor of apes. Macroevolution has never happened and the earth is approximately 6,000 years old and not billions of years old. Some prominent modern biologists have made a distinction between microevolution and macroevolution (for example, see quotes of prominent evolutionists below).

Dr. Roger Lewin commented after the 1980 University of Chicago conference entitled “Macroevolution”:

“ “The central question of the Chicago conference was whether the mechanisms underlying microevolution can be extrapolated to explain the phenomena of macroevolution. … At the risk of doing violence to the positions of some of the people at the meeting, the answer can be given as a clear, No.” [5] ”

In 1988, the prominent Harvard University biologist Ernst Mayr wrote in his essay Does Microevolution Explain Macroevolution?:

“ Among all the claims made during the evolutionary synthesis, perhaps the one that found least acceptance was the assertion that all phenomena of macroevolution can be ‘reduced to,' that is, explained by, microevolutionary genetic processes. Not surprisingly, this claim was usually supported by geneticists but was widely rejected by the very biologists who dealt with macroevolution, the morphologists and paleontologists. Many of them insisted that there is more or less complete discontinuity between the processes at the two levels—that what happens at the species level is entirely different from what happens at the level of the higher categories. Now, 50 years later the controversy remains undecided.

...In this respect, indeed, macroevolution as a field of study is completely decoupled from microevolution.[6]

”

The term macroevolution is often hated by ill-informed, militant, internet evolutionists (especially evolutionist poseurs who knew that evolution is lie and an ill attempted escape from biblical authority) because they are unable to demonstrate that macroevolution occurred and they also unable to satisfactorily answer the reasonable objections/questions posed to them by biblical creationists and intelligent design theorists (for example, the 15 questions for evolutionists of the Question evolution! campaign initiated by Creation Ministries International)[7][8]

See also

External links

References