Difference between revisions of "Invertible matrix"
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:''AB'' = ''BA'' = I (I: [[identity matrix]]) | :''AB'' = ''BA'' = I (I: [[identity matrix]]) | ||
| − | A matrix is invertible if and only if it has a nonzero determinant. Only square matrices (''n'' x ''n'') are invertible. | + | A matrix is invertible if and only if it has a nonzero [[determinant]]. Only square matrices (''n'' x ''n'') are invertible. |
It can be shown that, for any invertible matrix ''A'', there is only one matrix ''B'' such that ''AB'' = I; this unique matrix is called the [[inverse matrix]] of ''A'', and represented as ''A<sup>-1</sup>''. | It can be shown that, for any invertible matrix ''A'', there is only one matrix ''B'' such that ''AB'' = I; this unique matrix is called the [[inverse matrix]] of ''A'', and represented as ''A<sup>-1</sup>''. | ||
| − | [[Category: | + | There are five conditions that are equivalent to a matrix ''A'' being invertible: |
| − | [[Category: | + | |
| + | # The determinant of ''A'' is not zero. | ||
| + | # ''A'' is row equivalent to ''I''. | ||
| + | # ''A''x = b has a unique solution, for all b. | ||
| + | # ''A''x = 0 has only the trivial solution of x = 0. | ||
| + | # ''A'' is row equivalent to an upper triangular matrix having non-zero diagonal entries. | ||
| + | |||
| + | [[Category:Linear Algebra]] | ||
| + | [[Category:Mathematics]] | ||
Latest revision as of 14:35, July 28, 2016
An invertible matrix A is one that has a corresponding matrix B such that:
- AB = BA = I (I: identity matrix)
A matrix is invertible if and only if it has a nonzero determinant. Only square matrices (n x n) are invertible.
It can be shown that, for any invertible matrix A, there is only one matrix B such that AB = I; this unique matrix is called the inverse matrix of A, and represented as A-1.
There are five conditions that are equivalent to a matrix A being invertible:
- The determinant of A is not zero.
- A is row equivalent to I.
- Ax = b has a unique solution, for all b.
- Ax = 0 has only the trivial solution of x = 0.
- A is row equivalent to an upper triangular matrix having non-zero diagonal entries.