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[[Image:RedDwarfNASA.jpg|thumb|right|200px|Artist rendition of a red dwarf star.]]

[[Image:RedDwarfNASA.jpg|thumb|right|200px|Artist rendition of a red dwarf star.]]

A '''red dwarf''' is a relatively cool and dim main sequence [[star]] of either spectral class M or late K.  Red dwarfs characteristically are the lowest mass stars in the main sequence, having less then one half of the mass of the [[Sun]], and may have as little as 0.075 times as much (any less and they would not be able to fuse hydrogen and instead becoming [[brown dwarf]]s).<ref>http://spiff.rit.edu/classes/phys230/lectures/planneb/planneb.html</ref> Their surface temperatures averaging only around 2500 to 3500K. Red dwarfs are actually the most numerous class of stars in the [[galaxy]], making up more than half of all the stars including 21 of the 30 closest stars to our own [[Solar System]].<ref>http://www.daviddarling.info/encyclopedia/S/starsnearest.html</ref>

A '''red dwarf''' is a relatively cool and dim main sequence [[star]] of either spectral class M or late K.  Red dwarfs characteristically are the lowest mass stars in the main sequence, having less than one half of the mass of the [[Sun]], and may have as little as 0.075 times as much (any less and they would not be able to fuse hydrogen and instead becoming [[brown dwarf]]s).<ref>http://spiff.rit.edu/classes/phys230/lectures/planneb/planneb.html</ref> Their surface temperatures averaging only around 2500 to 3500K. Red dwarfs are actually the most numerous class of stars in the [[galaxy]], making up more than half of all the stars including 21 of the 30 closest stars to our own [[Solar System]].<ref>http://www.daviddarling.info/encyclopedia/S/starsnearest.html</ref>

Red dwarfs, unlike higher mass stars, generate most of their surface energy entirely through [[convection]], instead of [[radiation]].  This is due the density of the star in relation to temperature, making it difficult for energy to be transported to the surface through the radiation process from the core.  Because of this, red dwarfs can burn a proportionally higher percentage of their [[hydrogen]] fuel before evolving off of the main sequence.

Red dwarfs, unlike higher mass stars, generate most of their surface energy entirely through [[convection]], instead of [[radiation]].  This is due the density of the star in relation to temperature, making it difficult for energy to be transported to the surface through the radiation process from the core.  Because of this, red dwarfs can burn a proportionally higher percentage of their [[hydrogen]] fuel before evolving off of the main sequence.