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Line 1: − + − #I am the LORD thy God, which have brought thee out of the land of Egypt, out of the house of bondage. Thou shalt have no other gods before me. − #Thou shalt not make unto thee any graven image, or any likeness of any thing that is in heaven above, or that is in the earth beneath, or that is in the water under the earth: Thou shalt not bow down thyself to them, nor serve them: for I the LORD thy God am a jealous God, visiting the iniquity of the fathers upon the children unto the third and fourth generation of them that hate me; And shewing mercy unto thousands of them that love me, and keep my commandments. − #Thou shalt not take the name of the LORD thy God in vain; for the LORD will not hold him guiltless that taketh his name in vain. − #Remember the Sabbath day, to keep it holy. Six days shalt thou labour, and do all thy work: But the seventh day is the Sabbath of the LORD thy God: in it thou shalt not do any work, thou, nor thy son, nor thy daughter, thy manservant, nor thy maidservant, nor thy cattle, nor thy stranger that is within thy gates: For in six days the LORD made heaven and earth, the sea, and all that in them is, and rested the seventh day: wherefore the LORD blessed the sabbath day, and hallowed it. − #Honor thy father and thy mother: that thy days may be long upon the land which the LORD thy God giveth thee. − #Thou shalt not murder.<ref>(The Hebrew term, ''ratsach'', can mean to kill, slay or to murder)</ref> − #Thou shalt not commit [[adultery]]. − #Thou shalt not steal. − #Thou shalt not bear false witness against thy neighbor. − #Thou shalt not covet thy neighbor's house, thou shalt not covet thy neighbor's wife, nor his manservant, nor his maidservant, nor his ox, nor his ass, nor any thing that is thy neighbor's. + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
expanded article with difference in divisions of the Ten Commandments by Catholics and Orthodox
{{Christianity}}
{{Christianity}}
[[File:Moses Ten Commandments by Rembrandt 1659.jpg|right|thumb|[[Moses]] with the Ten Commandments by Rembrandt (1659)]]
[[File:Moses Ten Commandments by Rembrandt 1659.jpg|right|thumb|[[Moses]] with the Ten Commandments by Rembrandt (1659)]]
The '''Ten Commandments,''' or the ''Decalogue,'' are a set of laws which were given to [[Moses]] by [[God]]:<ref>The [[King James Version]] is quoted here.</ref>
The '''Ten Commandments,''' or the ''Decalogue,'' are a set of laws which were given to [[Moses]] by [[God]], as found in the books of [[Exodus]] and [[Deuteronomy]]. The biblical text of the Ten Commandments is differently divided according to [[denomination]]al [[tradition]]s. The [[Orthodox Church|Orthodox]] and [[Catholic Church|Catholic]] tradition traces back to the 3rd and 4th centuries. The Protestant tradition traces back to the 16th century [[Protestant Reformation|Reformation]].
Catholic and Orthodox Ten Commandments<ref>The English translation of the [[Septuagint]] by Sir Lancelot L.C. Brenton (in the public domain) is quoted here. Both lists of the commandments in the Septuagint have the same sequence: Exodus 20:2-17 and Deuteronomy 5:6-21. However, the [[Douay-Rheims|Douay-Rheims Bible]] translation of the [[Vulgate|Latin Vulgate]] from [[Jerome]]'s translation of the Hebrew text, agrees with the [[King James Version]] in showing the same differences in sequence between the texts of Exodus 20:17 and Deuteronomy 5:21. The traditional Catholic and Orthodox teaching of the sequential division of the Ten Commandments is consistently according to the text of Deuteronomy instead of the text of Exodus emphasized by Protestant teaching. Italics in the English text have been inserted by the translator for the same reason as the King James translators inserted italics, to clarify the meaning and to indicate that they are not part of the original text.</ref>
:1. I am the Lord thy God, who brought thee out of the land of Egypt, out of the house of bondage. Thou shalt have no other gods beside me. Thou shalt not make to thyself an idol, nor likeness of anything, whatever things are in the heaven above, and whatever are in the earth beneath, and whatever are in the waters under the earth. Thou shalt not bow down to them, nor serve them; for I am the Lord thy God, a jealous God, recompensing the sins of the fathers upon the children, to the third and fourth generation to them that hate me, and bestowing mercy on them that love me to thousands ''of them'', and on them that keep my commandments.
:2. Thou shalt not take the name of the Lord thy God in vain; for the Lord thy God will not acquit him that takes his name in vain.
:3. Remember the Sabbath day to keep it holy. Six days thou shalt labour, and shalt perform all thy work. But on the seventh day is the Sabbath of the Lord thy God; on it thou shalt do no work, thou, nor thy son, nor thy daughter, thy servant nor thy maidservant, thine ox nor thine ass, nor any cattle of thine, nor the stranger that sojourns with thee. For in six days the Lord made the heaven and the earth, and the sea and all things in them, and rested on the seventh day; therefore the Lord blessed the seventh day, and hallowed it.
:4. Honour thy father and thy mother, that it may be well with thee, and that thou mayest live long on the good land, which the Lord thy God gives to thee.
:5. Thou shalt not commit adultery.
:6. Thou shalt not steal.
:7. Thou shalt not kill.<ref>Catholic and Orthodox traditional understanding of this commandment interprets the intent of it as against the destruction of ''innocent'' human life, as distinct from [[capital punishment]] of the guilty and the conduct of righteous or [[just war]] against pagan idolaters in the promised land and aggressive invaders and oppressors, which was permitted and even commanded under the law of Moses.</ref>
:8. Thou shalt not bear false witness against thy neighbour.
:9. Thou shalt not covet thy neighbour's wife;
:10. thou shalt not covet thy neighbour's house; nor his field, nor his servant, nor his maid, nor his ox, nor his ass, nor any of his cattle, nor whatever belongs to thy neighbor.<ref>The 9th and 10th commandments. As in the book of Deuteronomy, a distinction is made between neighbor's wife and the neighbor's property. This influenced Orthodox and Catholic doctrine regarding the dignity of women and wives.</ref>
Protestant Ten Commandments<ref>The [[King James Version]] is quoted here.</ref>
:1. I am the LORD thy God, which have brought thee out of the land of Egypt, out of the house of bondage. Thou shalt have no other gods before me.
:2. Thou shalt not make unto thee any graven image, or any likeness of any thing that is in heaven above, or that is in the earth beneath, or that is in the water under the earth: Thou shalt not bow down thyself to them, nor serve them: for I the LORD thy God am a jealous God, visiting the iniquity of the fathers upon the children unto the third and fourth generation of them that hate me; And shewing mercy unto thousands of them that love me, and keep my commandments.
:3. Thou shalt not take the name of the LORD thy God in vain; for the LORD will not hold him guiltless that taketh his name in vain.
:4. Remember the Sabbath day, to keep it holy. Six days shalt thou labour, and do all thy work: But the seventh day is the Sabbath of the LORD thy God: in it thou shalt not do any work, thou, nor thy son, nor thy daughter, thy manservant, nor thy maidservant, nor thy cattle, nor thy stranger that is within thy gates: For in six days the LORD made heaven and earth, the sea, and all that in them is, and rested the seventh day: wherefore the LORD blessed the sabbath day, and hallowed it.
:5. Honor thy father and thy mother: that thy days may be long upon the land which the LORD thy God giveth thee.
:6. Thou shalt not murder.<ref>The word "murder" has been inserted here in place of the original King James Version "kill". The Hebrew term, ''ratsach'', can mean to kill, slay or to murder.</ref>
:7. Thou shalt not commit [[adultery]].
:8. Thou shalt not steal.
:9. Thou shalt not bear false witness against thy neighbor.
:10. Thou shalt not covet thy neighbor's house, thou shalt not covet thy neighbor's wife, nor his manservant, nor his maidservant, nor his ox, nor his ass, nor any thing that is thy neighbor's.<ref>Wives are regarded as property, in the same category as houses, land, slaves, beasts, and personal and household articles and furniture, including clothing and jewelry. This influenced Protestant doctrine regarding the dignity of women and wives.</ref>
.
== Background ==
== Background ==
There are [[Alleged Bible contradictions|two versions]], generally similar but somewhat different in wording: [[Exodus]] 20:2-17<ref>[http://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=exodus%2020:2-17&version=9 Exodus 20:2-17 (KJV)]</ref> and [[Deuteronomy]] 5:6-21.<ref>[http://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=deuteronomy%205:6-21;&version=9; Deuteronomy 5:6-21 (KJV)]</ref> The version in Deuteronomy adds the detail of Moses saying that [[Yahweh|God]] "delivered unto me two tables of stone written with the finger of God." (KJV)
There are [[Alleged Bible contradictions|two versions]], generally similar but somewhat different in wording: [[Exodus]] 20:2-17<ref>[http://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=exodus%2020:2-17&version=9 Exodus 20:2-17 (KJV)]</ref> and [[Deuteronomy]] 5:6-21.<ref>[http://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=deuteronomy%205:6-21;&version=9; Deuteronomy 5:6-21 (KJV)]</ref> The version in Deuteronomy adds the detail of Moses saying that [[Yahweh|God]] "delivered unto me two tables of stone written with the finger of God." (KJV)