Difference between revisions of "Causes of World War I"

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The late 19th century in Central Europe was largely the story of the decline of the [[Ottoman Empire]] and the rise of the [[German Empire]], which was proclaimed in 1871 by [[Kaiser]] [[Wilhelm I]] and [[Chancellor]] [[Otto von Bismarck]] of [[Prussia]].
 
The late 19th century in Central Europe was largely the story of the decline of the [[Ottoman Empire]] and the rise of the [[German Empire]], which was proclaimed in 1871 by [[Kaiser]] [[Wilhelm I]] and [[Chancellor]] [[Otto von Bismarck]] of [[Prussia]].
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==Further reading==
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* Bakeless, John Edwin. ''The Economic Causes of Modern War: A Study of the Period: 1878-1918'' (1919)  [http://books.google.com/books?id=5wgAAAAAYAAJ&printsec=toc&dq=intitle:war+date:1919-1921&num=30&as_brr=1&sig=LZcIMpEGmzqwkIldzuhfH5Muveg#PPR3,M1 online edition]
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* Clements, Kendrick A. "Woodrow Wilson and World War I," ''Presidential Studies Quarterly'' 34:1 (2004). pp 62+. [http://www.questia.com/PM.qst?a=o&d=5006516101 online edition]; [http://goliath.ecnext.com/coms2/gi_0199-567650/Woodrow-Wilson-and-World-War.html excerpt online]
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* Cramer, Kevin. "A World of Enemies: New Perspectives on German Military Culture and the Origins of the First World War," ''Central European History'' (2006), 39#2 pp 270-298 online at [[CJO]]
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* Evans, R. J. W., and Hartmut Pogge Von Strandman, eds. ''The Coming of the First World War'' (1990), essays by scholars from both sides [http://www.questia.com/PM.qst?a=o&d=22768266 online edition]
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* Fay, Sidney. ''The Origins of the World War'' (1930); classic scholarly study; argues every nation shared guilt for starting the war [http://yamaguchy.netfirms.com/7897401/fay/origin_index.html online edition]
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* Fromkin, David. ''Europe's Last Summer: Who Started the Great War in 1914?'', (2004), ISBN 0375411569.
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* Gilpin, Robert. ''War and Change in World Politics'' (1981) [http://www.amazon.com/Change-World-Politics-Robert-Gilpin/dp/0521273765/ref=sr_1_1?ie=UTF8&s=books&qid=1206447559&sr=8-1 excerpt and text search]
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* Hamilton, Richard F. and Holger H. Herwig, eds. ''The Origins of World War I,'' (2003) 553pp; 15 long essays by leading scholars;  [http://www.amazon.com/Origins-World-War-I/dp/0521817358/ref=sr_1_1?ie=UTF8&s=books&qid=1206447179&sr=8-1 excerpt and text search]
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** Hamilton, Richard F. and Holger H. Herwig, eds. ''Decisions for War, 1914-1917'' (2004) '  a condensed version in 282pp
 +
* Henig, Ruth ''The Origins of the First World War'' (2002) 76pp [http://www.questia.com/PM.qst?a=o&d=103326769 online edition]
 +
* Hewitson, Mark. ''Germany and the Causes of the First World War'' (2004)
 +
* Joll, James. ''The Origins of the First World War''. (3rd ed 2006).
 +
* Kennedy, Paul M. (ed.). ''The War Plans of the Great Powers, 1880-1914.'' (1979)
 +
* Kennedy, Paul M. ''The Rise of the Anglo-German Antagonism, 1860-1914'' (1981)
 +
* Lee, Dwight E. ed. ''The Outbreak of the First World War: Who Was Responsible?'' (1958), readings from multiple points of view
 +
* Lieber, Keir A. "The New History of World War I and What It Means for International Relations Theory." ''International Security'' (2007) 32:2, 155-191
 +
* Link, Arthur S. ''Woodrow Wilson and the Progressive Era, 1910-1917'' (1972) standard political history of the era
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* Maier, Charles S. "Wargames: 1914-1919" in Rabb T. and Rotberg R. (eds.), ''The Origins and Prevention of Major Wars'', (1989), 249-279
 +
* May, Ernest R. ''The World War and American isolation, 1914-1917'' (1959[http://hdl.handle.net.proxy.cc.uic.edu/2027/heb.00283 online at ACLS e-books]
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* Miller, Steven E. (ed.) ''Military Strategy and the Origins of the First World War: an International Security Reader'', (1985)
 +
* Page, Thomas Nelson. ''Italy and the World War'' (1920) [http://books.google.com/books?id=9RUitonph38C&dq=intitle:world+intitle:war+date:1919-2007&num=30&as_brr=1 online edition]
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* Ponting, Clive. ''Thirteen Days: Diplomacy and Disaster - The Countdown to the Great War'' (2002)
 +
* Snyder, Jack L. ''The Ideology of the Offensive. Military Decision Making and the Disasters of 1914''. (1984), 267 pp. [http://www.amazon.com/Ideology-Offensive-Military-Decision-Disasters/dp/0801482445/ref=sr_1_1?ie=UTF8&s=books&qid=1206447730&sr=1-1 excerpt and text search]
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* Stevenson, David. ''The First World War and International Politics'' (2005)
 +
* Van Evera, Stephen. ''Causes of War. Power and the Roots of Conflict''. (1998), chap.7, 193-239.
 +
* Williamson, Samuel R. Jr. "The Origins of World War I" in Rabb T. and Rotberg R. (eds.), ''The Origins and Prevention of Major Wars'', (1989), 225-248.
 +
* Williamson, Samuel R. ''The politics of grand strategy: Britain and France prepare for war, 1904-1914'' (1990) [http://www.historyebook.org/ online at ACLS e-books]
 +
* Williamson Jr.  Samuel R. and Ernest R. May. "An Identity of Opinion: Historians and July 1914," ''Journal of Modern History''(2007) Volume 79, Number 2, 335-87, historiography
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====notes====
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<references/>
 
[[Category:World War I]]
 
[[Category:World War I]]

Revision as of 00:52, November 13, 2008

The causes of World War I vary from the immediate (the assassination of Archduke Franz Ferdinand) to the underlying (the competing alliance systems) to the remote (the Franco-Prussian War of 1870-1871). While war may have been inevitable by 1914, the fact that Europe was already balanced on a knife's edge causes responsibility to fall all the more heavily on those who provided the immediate spark, who should have known what the consequences would be.

MAIN

Four of the causes of World War I are often referred to by the acronym "MAIN", which stands for Militarism, Alliances, Imperialism, and Nationalism.

The Decline of Old and Rise of New Empires in the Latter 19th Century

The late 19th century in Central Europe was largely the story of the decline of the Ottoman Empire and the rise of the German Empire, which was proclaimed in 1871 by Kaiser Wilhelm I and Chancellor Otto von Bismarck of Prussia.

Further reading

  • Bakeless, John Edwin. The Economic Causes of Modern War: A Study of the Period: 1878-1918 (1919) online edition
  • Clements, Kendrick A. "Woodrow Wilson and World War I," Presidential Studies Quarterly 34:1 (2004). pp 62+. online edition; excerpt online
  • Cramer, Kevin. "A World of Enemies: New Perspectives on German Military Culture and the Origins of the First World War," Central European History (2006), 39#2 pp 270-298 online at CJO
  • Evans, R. J. W., and Hartmut Pogge Von Strandman, eds. The Coming of the First World War (1990), essays by scholars from both sides online edition
  • Fay, Sidney. The Origins of the World War (1930); classic scholarly study; argues every nation shared guilt for starting the war online edition
  • Fromkin, David. Europe's Last Summer: Who Started the Great War in 1914?, (2004), ISBN 0375411569.
  • Gilpin, Robert. War and Change in World Politics (1981) excerpt and text search
  • Hamilton, Richard F. and Holger H. Herwig, eds. The Origins of World War I, (2003) 553pp; 15 long essays by leading scholars; excerpt and text search
    • Hamilton, Richard F. and Holger H. Herwig, eds. Decisions for War, 1914-1917 (2004) ' a condensed version in 282pp
  • Henig, Ruth The Origins of the First World War (2002) 76pp online edition
  • Hewitson, Mark. Germany and the Causes of the First World War (2004)
  • Joll, James. The Origins of the First World War. (3rd ed 2006).
  • Kennedy, Paul M. (ed.). The War Plans of the Great Powers, 1880-1914. (1979)
  • Kennedy, Paul M. The Rise of the Anglo-German Antagonism, 1860-1914 (1981)
  • Lee, Dwight E. ed. The Outbreak of the First World War: Who Was Responsible? (1958), readings from multiple points of view
  • Lieber, Keir A. "The New History of World War I and What It Means for International Relations Theory." International Security (2007) 32:2, 155-191
  • Link, Arthur S. Woodrow Wilson and the Progressive Era, 1910-1917 (1972) standard political history of the era
  • Maier, Charles S. "Wargames: 1914-1919" in Rabb T. and Rotberg R. (eds.), The Origins and Prevention of Major Wars, (1989), 249-279
  • May, Ernest R. The World War and American isolation, 1914-1917 (1959online at ACLS e-books
  • Miller, Steven E. (ed.) Military Strategy and the Origins of the First World War: an International Security Reader, (1985)
  • Page, Thomas Nelson. Italy and the World War (1920) online edition
  • Ponting, Clive. Thirteen Days: Diplomacy and Disaster - The Countdown to the Great War (2002)
  • Snyder, Jack L. The Ideology of the Offensive. Military Decision Making and the Disasters of 1914. (1984), 267 pp. excerpt and text search
  • Stevenson, David. The First World War and International Politics (2005)
  • Van Evera, Stephen. Causes of War. Power and the Roots of Conflict. (1998), chap.7, 193-239.
  • Williamson, Samuel R. Jr. "The Origins of World War I" in Rabb T. and Rotberg R. (eds.), The Origins and Prevention of Major Wars, (1989), 225-248.
  • Williamson, Samuel R. The politics of grand strategy: Britain and France prepare for war, 1904-1914 (1990) online at ACLS e-books
  • Williamson Jr. Samuel R. and Ernest R. May. "An Identity of Opinion: Historians and July 1914," Journal of Modern History(2007) Volume 79, Number 2, 335-87, historiography


notes

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