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Line 1: − + − Some of CCF's main areas of interest are:+ − *Opposing [[animal rights]] groups such as [[PETA]], which CCF claims exist to enforce [[vegitarianism]] on everyone. <ref>Center for Consumer Freedom. ''Animal Rights'' [http://www.consumerfreedom.com/issuepage.cfm/topic/8]</ref> − *Opposing intrusive [[government]] measures such as menu labeling laws. <ref>Center for Consumer Freedom. ''Big Government'' [http://www.consumerfreedom.com/issuepage.cfm/topic/38]</ref> − *Exposing mistakes, [[deceit]], and outright lies about health science. <ref>Center for Consumer Freedom. ''Big Fat Lies'' [http://www.consumerfreedom.com/issuepage.cfm/topic/37]</ref> − ==External Links==+ − *[http://www.consumerfreedom.com Official CCF Website] − The Center for Consumer Freedom runs a number of other sites as well:+ − *[http://www.activistcash.com ActivistCash.com], which provides in-depth profiles of animal rights and health activists groups+ − *[http://www.animalscam.com Animal Scam.com], a criticism of animal rights groups − *[http://www.cspiscam.com CSPIScam.com], a criticism of [[Center for Science in the Public Interest]] − *[http://www.mercuryfacts.org mercuryfacts.org], which promotes the consumption of [[fish]] by arguing that the health benifits vastly outweigh the negligible effects of [[mercury]] found within fish − *[http://www.obesitymyths.com ObesityMyths.com − + − <references />+ + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
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Revision as of 23:23, October 22, 2007
, 23:23, October 22, 2007no edit summary
The '''Center for Consumer Freedom''' ('''CCF''') is a [[conservative]] and [[libertarian]] non-profit alliance of industry and consumers which focuses on gaining and maintaining consumer choice in the areas of [[food]] and [[drink]]. They actively oppose what they call "the growing [[cabal]] of 'food cops,'" which is the term CCF uses to describe individuals and special interest groups who try to regulate or control consumer choice, especially on the bases of health claims<ref name="aboutus">Center for Consumer Freedom. ''About Us'' [http://www.consumerfreedom.com/about.cfm]</ref>
The '''general balance equation''' is a fundamental concept of [[chemical engineering]] which is based on the principals of [[conservation of mass]] and [[conservation of energy]]. The general balance equation states that the total or component mass or energy of any system can be modeled by:
:In - Out + Generation - Consumption = Accumulation
The equation is used to describe and design almost every [[process unit]] within chemical engineering.
==Mass Balance==
When the general balance equation is applied to the mass of a component or of the entire system, it is called a ''mass balance''. Mass balances are the simplest forms of the general balance equation and one of the first forms a chemical engineer learns. One of the ways chemical engineers ensure their calculations on linked process units have been performed correctly is to perform a mass balance over the entire system.
==References==
===Using Mass Balances===
Below is a general description of how to use mass balances for different situations.
====Steady State====
If the system is at [[steady state]] then there are no terms which very over time. This means that the ''in'', ''out'', ''generation'', and ''consumption'' terms are constants, and the ''accumulation'' term is 0. Steady state can only be applied to [[flow systems]], or batch systems in which no changes are taking place. The mass balance for a steady state system is:
:In - Out + Generation - Consumption = 0
====Batch Systems====
A batch system is one in which all of the materials of the system are placed into a fixed vessel and left to react for an amount of time.
====Overall Mass Balance====
An ''overall mass balance'' is a mass balance which models all of the [[mass]] of the system, as opposed to the mass of one component of the system. Since mass can not be created or destroyed, the ''consumption'' and ''generation'' terms for an overall mass balance are 0. Thus the overall balance is shown by:
:In - Out = Accumulation
If the system is also at steady state, then the the equation reduces to:
:In = Out
Note that an overall mass balance can not be performed on a batch system.
[[category:Chemical Engineering]]