| − | Carthage was founded by [[Phoenicia]]ns from [[Tyre]] traditionally in 814 B.C. (although archaeological evidence suggests about a century later). Over the next few centuries it outdid other Phoenician colonies in its area and by the third century B.C. controlled trade in all the islands and much of the coasts of the western [[Mediterranean]]; having displaced the colonial [[Greek]]s (after much bloodshed) and other Phoenician settlements. Its fleets traded as far afield as the [[British Isles]] and down the West African coast. [[Herodotus]] recounts the [[Egypt]]ian king [[Necho II]] commissioning a Carthaginian circumnavigation of Africa in about 600 B.C. | + | Carthage was founded by [[Phoenicia]]ns from [[Tyre]] traditionally in 814 B.C. (although archaeological evidence suggests about a century later).<ref>Oxford Companion to Classical Literature</ref> Over the next few centuries it outdid other Phoenician colonies in its area and by the third century B.C. controlled trade in all the islands and much of the coasts of the western [[Mediterranean]]; having displaced the colonial [[Greek]]s (after much bloodshed) and other Phoenician settlements. Its fleets traded as far afield as the [[British Isles]] and down the West African coast. [[Herodotus]] recounts the [[Egypt]]ian king [[Necho II]] commissioning a Carthaginian circumnavigation of Africa in about 600 B.C. |