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American Government Lecture Three (view source)

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=== "Article III Judges" ===

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"Article III" judges are those appointed by the President and confirmed by a majority of the U.S. Senate to lifetime tenure as federal judges, either at the district court level, the Court of Appeals, or the U.S. Supreme Court. They are not elected and they can only be removed from office if impeached by the Senate, which is rare and has never been done due to how they decided a case.

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There are also non-Article III judges, such as magistrate and bankruptcy judges. They are appointed for a fixed term (such as eight years), which can be renewed. These are not jobs guaranteed until they retire. Magistrate judges can conduct jury trials only if both sides to the dispute consent.

=== State Courts ===

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