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While Progressivists supported government intervention in the economy and society, Socialists, who dominated especially in [[Milwaukee]] around the same time, were more extreme, supporting the total replacement of [[capitalism]] with "a [[planned economy]] of state-owned industries."<ref name="SewerS">[http://www.wisconsinhistory.org/turningpoints/tp-043/?action=more_essay Milwaukee Sewer Socialism]. ''Wisconsin Historical Society''. Retrieved November 23, 2016.</ref> While there was socialist political activity for years prior, "the first formal manifestation of Socialism in Milwaukee came with the establishment of the Social-Democratic Party in 1897,"<ref name="SewerS"/> which eventually became the [[Socialist Party of America]]. The party was led by [[Victor Berger]], who in 1910 became the first Socialist Party candidate elected to the U.S. House of Representatives.<ref name="SewerS"/> In that same election, the Socialist Party took complete control over Milwaukee city and county.<ref name="SewerS"/> While the Socialists, including Berger and Milwaukee mayor Emil Seidel, were defeated in the 1912 election, Socialists were soon elected again and would continue to play a prominent but reduced role in Milwaukee politics for several decades.<ref name="SewerS"/>

While Progressivists supported government intervention in the economy and society, Socialists, who dominated especially in [[Milwaukee]] around the same time, were more extreme, supporting the total replacement of [[capitalism]] with "a [[planned economy]] of state-owned industries."<ref name="SewerS">[http://www.wisconsinhistory.org/turningpoints/tp-043/?action=more_essay Milwaukee Sewer Socialism]. ''Wisconsin Historical Society''. Retrieved November 23, 2016.</ref> While there was socialist political activity for years prior, "the first formal manifestation of Socialism in Milwaukee came with the establishment of the Social-Democratic Party in 1897,"<ref name="SewerS"/> which eventually became the [[Socialist Party of America]]. The party was led by [[Victor Berger]], who in 1910 became the first Socialist Party candidate elected to the U.S. House of Representatives.<ref name="SewerS"/> In that same election, the Socialist Party took complete control over Milwaukee city and county.<ref name="SewerS"/> While the Socialists, including Berger and Milwaukee mayor Emil Seidel, were defeated in the 1912 election, Socialists were soon elected again and would continue to play a prominent but reduced role in Milwaukee politics for several decades.<ref name="SewerS"/>

Wisconsin cannot be stereotyped politically. It is often associated with the name of anti-communist crusader of the 1950s [[Joseph McCarthy]], but is equally tied to that of [[Robert M. La Follette]] and his Progressive faction of the Republican Party and the [[Progressive Party]]. Socialists flourished in [[Germania]] in Milwaukee, typified by [[Victor Berger]], the first Socialist Party candidate elected to the U.S. House of Representatives. Frank Zeidler, the Mayor of Milwaukee from 1948-1960 was the last in a string of twelve socialist mayors of Milwaukee, whose emphasis on the basics of municipal service led them to be called "sewer socialists."<ref name="SewerS"/> The state is usually a battleground in presidential elections.  Its Republicans tend to be moderates, such as [[Tommy Thompson]], who served as a four-term governor from 1987 to 2001, then entered the cabinet.

Wisconsin cannot be stereotyped politically. It is often associated with the name of anti-communist crusader of the 1950s [[Joseph McCarthy]], but is equally tied to that of [[Robert M. La Follette]] and his Progressive faction of the Republican Party and the [[Progressive Party]]. Socialists flourished in [[Germania]] in Milwaukee, typified by [[Victor Berger]], the first Socialist Party candidate elected to the U.S. House of Representatives. Frank Zeidler, the Mayor of Milwaukee from 1948-1960 was the last in a string of twelve socialist mayors of Milwaukee, whose emphasis on the basics of municipal service led them to be called "sewer socialists."<ref name="SewerS"/> The state is usually a battleground in presidential elections.  Its Republicans tend to be moderates, such as [[Tommy Thompson]], who served as a four-term governor from 1987 to 2001, then entered the cabinet.