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[[Image:Fischer wideweb 430x408.jpg|right|thumb|Bobby Fischer playing chess against [[Boris Spassky]] in 1974.]]

[[File:Bobby Fischer 1972.jpg|right|thumb|Bobby Fischer in Amsterdam in 1972, around the time he won the world [[chess]] championship.]]

'''Robert James Fischer''' (1943-2008<ref>https://www.nytimes.com/2008/01/18/obituaries/18cnd-fischer.html?_r=1&hp&oref=slogin</ref>), popularly known as Bobby Fischer, was the only [[United States of America|American]] to become the official world [[chess]] champion<ref>[[Paul Morphy]] of [[Louisiana]] was widely regarded as the #1 player in the world in the 1850s, but this was in an era before an official world champion was determined.</ref> when he defeated [[USSR|Soviet]] grandmaster Boris Spassky in a 1972 match in [[Iceland]]. Fischer's championship was the culmination of a record-setting 20 consecutive victories in qualifying tournaments, which included two 6-0 records in the "Candidates Tournaments" in 1971.  

'''Robert James Fischer''' (1943-2008<ref>https://www.nytimes.com/2008/01/18/obituaries/18cnd-fischer.html?_r=1&hp&oref=slogin</ref>), popularly known as Bobby Fischer, was the only [[United States of America|American]] to become the official world [[chess]] champion<ref>[[Paul Morphy]] of [[Louisiana]] was widely regarded as the #1 player in the world in the 1850s, but this was in an era before an official world champion was determined.</ref> when he defeated [[USSR|Soviet]] grandmaster Boris Spassky in a 1972 match in [[Iceland]]. Fischer's championship was the culmination of a record-setting 20 consecutive victories in qualifying tournaments, which included two 6-0 records in the "Candidates Tournaments" in 1971.  

== Criticism of Communists in Candidates Tournament ==

== Criticism of Communists in Candidates Tournament ==

 

Bobby Fischer courageously exposed the cheating by [[communist]] [[Soviet Union]] players whereby they would collusively play each other to draws, thereby puffing each others' scores, while trying harder against non-Soviet players such as Fischer.  In the the 1962 Candidates Tournament in Curaçao, the Soviet players apparently teamed up with other to reach scores of 17½ points (winner) and two at 17 points, thereby exceeding Fischer with 14 points.  A careful analysis of the games demonstrates that Fischer was right in complaining about the unfair collusion by the Soviet players.  Ultimately chess organizers agreed with Fischer and changed the rules to reduce the possibility of collusion by players.

Bobby Fischer courageously exposed the cheating by [[communist]] [[Soviet Union]] players whereby they would collusively play each other to draws, thereby puffing each others' scores, while trying harder against non-Soviet players such as Fischer.  In the the 1962 Candidates Tournament in Curaçao, the Soviet players apparently teamed up with other to reach scores of 17½ points (winner) and two at 17 points, thereby exceeding Fischer with 14 points.  A careful analysis of the games demonstrates that Fischer was right in complaining about the unfair collusion by the Soviet players.  Ultimately chess organizers agreed with Fischer and changed the rules to reduce the possibility of collusion by players.