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| − | [[File:Wassily Kandinsky Portrait.jpg|thumb|200px|[[Wassily Kandinsky]].]]
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| − | In '''Abstract''' art artists could use free, often random, application of paint to create images with no tie to reality or nature. Abstraction could be manifest in more purely formal terms, such as color, freed from objective context, and a reduction of form to basic geometric designs. Theo van Doesburg (1883 – 1931), a Dutch artist, defined [[abstract art]] as that in which the line, color and surface only, are the concrete reality.
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| − | In 1929, Alfred Barr used the term [[Abstract Expressionism]] in relation to works by Wassily Kandinsky who is considered one of the fathers of abstraction. Abstraction-Création was a group of artists formed in [[Paris]] in 1931; founders like Auguste Herbin, Jean Hélion and Georges Vantongerloo started the group to foster abstract art and counteract the influence of the Surrealist group. The first exhibition of British abstract art was held in London in 1935. By the early 1940s the main movements in modern art, expressionism, [[cubism]], abstraction, [[surrealism]], and dada were represented in New York. Many artists fled Europe to the United States. Artists like Marcel Duchamp, Fernand Léger, [[Piet Mondrian]], Jacques Lipchitz, [[Max Ernst]], were just a few of the exiled Europeans who arrived in New York in those years. [[Expressionism|Expressionist]] artists believed that art should convey feelings rather than the real world.
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| − | The best known abstract expressionists were [[Willem de Kooning]], [[Jackson Pollock]], and Arshile Gorky. It is considered that the style of de Kooning came to be referred as Abstract expressionism, and the New York School.
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| − | [[Lyrical Abstraction]] is an art movement born in Paris after World War II. [[Georges Mathieu]], a French painter, gained international reputation in the 1950’s in this style. Some other notable painters of this style are: [[Wassily Kandinsky]], [[Paul Klee]], Frank Kupka, Robert Delaunay, [[Mordecai Ardon]], Norman Bluhm, Jean René Bazaine, Hans Hartung, Wols, [[Max Bill]], [[Gunther Gerzso]], Huguette Arthur Bertrand, Georges Mathieu, Jean Miotte, [[Ronnie Landfield]] and [[Stefan Fiedorowicz]].
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| − | Lyrical Abstraction and Abstract Expressionism could be seen as ''the School of Paris'' versus ''the New York School''.
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| − | == Petite gallery ==
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| − | <center>
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| − | <gallery perrow="5">
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| − | Image:Kandinsky Comp-9.jpg|Composition IX. [[Wassily Kandinsky]]
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| − | Image:Colour Studies Kandinsky.jpg|Colour Studies. [[Wassily Kandinsky]]
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| − | Image:Miotte.jpg|??? [[Jean Miotte]]
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| − | Image:Ardon The Awakening.jpg|The Awakening. [[Mordecai Ardon]]
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| − | Image:Ardon The Sing of Beginning.jpg|The Sing of Beginning. [[Mordecai Ardon]]
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| − | File:De Kooning Woman 1.jpg|Woman 1. [[Willem de Kooning]]
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| − | File:De Kooning Door to the River.jpg|Door to the River. [[Willem de Kooning]]
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| − | Image:Jackson Pollock Galaxy.jpg|Galaxy. [[Jackson Pollock]]
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| − | File:Pollock..jpg|Number 18. [[Jackson Pollock]]
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| − | File:Arshile Gorky Waterfall.jpg|Waterfall. '''Arshile Gorky'''
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| − | </gallery>
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| − | [[File:Kandinsky Composition VII 1913.jpg|500px]]
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| − | [[Wassily Kandinsky]] Composition VII, 1913.
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| − | </center>
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| − | == See also ==
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| − | [[File:Taylor Dream.jpg|thumb|Dream by '''D. Lane Taylor''']]
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| − | *[[Contemporary painting]]
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| − | *[[Painting Galleries]]
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| − | *[[Art history]]
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| − | *[[Ellsworth Kelly]]
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| − | *[[Joan Miró]]
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| − | <gallery>
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| − | File:Sam Francis Falling Star.jpg|Falling Star. [[Sam Francis]]
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| − | </gallery>
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| − | <br>
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| − | == External links ==
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| − | [[File:Rothko Untitled 1949.jpg|thumb|200px|Untitled, 1949 by [[Mark Rothko]].]]
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| − | *[http://www.artcyclopedia.com/history/surrealism.html Surrealism]
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| − | *[http://www.artcyclopedia.com/history/expressionism.html Expressionism]
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| − | *[http://www.artcyclopedia.com/history/abstract-expressionism.html Abstract Expressionism]
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| − | *[http://www.abstract-art.com/abstraction/l5_wordings_fldr/l1_lyr_abst_proposal.html An essay by Ronnie Landfield]
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| − | *[http://www.artinsight.com/lyrical_abstraction.html Lyrical Abstraction as an Artform] A visual essay by Michael Cook.
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| − | *[http://www.huntfor.com/arthistory/C20th/lyrabstract.htm Lyrical Abstraction]
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| − | *[http://www.encyclopedia.com/doc/1O5-LyricalAbstraction.html Lyrical Abstraction]
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| − | <gallery>
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| − | File:Paul Klee paint.jpg|by [[Paul Klee]].
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| − | </gallery>
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| − | [[Category:Artistic Movements]]
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