Hungarian scripts
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Hungarian scripts are used for representing the Hungarian (Magyar) language. The official script of Hungary is the Hungarian Latin-based script, shortly Hungarian alphabet.
There are other - not official - scripts, namely, the Szekely-Hungarian Rovas and the Carpathian Basin Rovas. Especially the Szekely-Hungarian Rovas script obtained large popularity in the last decades, there are books, city border limits, web sites and other printed and handwritten materials with this script.
Hungarian (Latin-based) alphabet
- Its first relic is from the 11th century.
- Periods of use:
- Old Hungarian orthography
- Used from the 11th century to 1832
- Modern Hungarian orthography
- Used from 1832 to present-day
- Old Hungarian orthography
Szekely-Hungarian Rovas script
- Its first relic is from around 900.
- Period of use
- Used from the 8th or 9th century.
- Popular contemporary writing as part of cultural heritage activities
Carpathian Basin Rovas script
- Its earliest relic is from the last third of the 8th century.
- Periods of use:
- Its alleged original use between the 8th century and the 11th century
- Revitalized in 2009
Date line of the Hungarian scripts
| Date | Linguistic Period of the Hungarian language | Hungarian (Latin) alphabet | Carpathian Basin Rovas | Szekely-Hungarian Rovas |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 7th century | Ancient Hungarian Period (1000 BC-896) | There is no data for its existence. | Silver mug of Kunágota (beg. 7th century)[1][2], Silver vessel of Ozora-Tótipuszta (last third of the 7th c.)[3], Needle case of Jánoshida (last third of the 7th c.)[4], Drinking cup of Kiskőrös-Vágóhíd (last third of the 7th c.)[5], Bow of Környe (end of the 7th c.)[6] | There is no data for its existence. |
| 8th century | ||||
| 9th century | ||||
| 10th century | Old Hungarian Period (896-1526) | |||
| 11th century | ||||
| 12th century | ||||
| 13th century | ||||
| 14th century | ||||
| 15th century | ||||
| 16th century | Middle Hungarian Period (1526-1772) | |||
| 17th century | ||||
| 18th century | ||||
| 19th century | New Hungarian Period (1772-1920) | |||
| 20th century | Latest Hungarian Period (1920-present-day) | |||
| 21th century |
References
- Erdélyi, István (1958b): Новая руническая надпись из Венгрии [New Rovas inscriptions from Hungary]. In: Эпиграпхика Востока [Epigraphyka Vostoka], pp. 55-56 (in Russian)
- Erdélyi, István (1961): Új magyarországi rovásfelirat [New Rovas inscription of Hungary]. In: Archeológiai Értesítő [Acheological Communications], pp. 279-280 (in Hungarian)
- É. Kiss Katalin – Kiefer Ferenc – Siptár Péter (2003): Új magyar nyelvtan [New Hungarian Grammar]. Budapest: Osiris Kiadó (in Hungarian)
- Róna-Tas, András (1996): A honfoglaló magyar nép [The landtaking Hungarian nation]. Bevezetés a korai Magyar történelem ismeretébe [Introduction to the knowledge of the early Hungarian history]. Budapest: Balassi Kiadó, ISBN 963 506 106 4 (in Hungarian)
- Rovas Writing Home Page: http://rovasirashonlap.fw.hu
- Rovas Info (News Site): http://rovas.info
Notes
<references>
- ↑ Garam, Éva (1976): Adatok a későavarkor és az avar fejedelmi sírok régészeti és történeti kérdéseihez. In: Folia Archeologica XXVII. évf. (~), 1976, pp. 143-144
- ↑ Bóna, István (1982-83): Szolnok Megyei Múzeumi Évkönyv 1982-83. vol. 98, p. 140
- ↑ Erdélyi, István and Ráduly, János (2010): A Kárpát-medence rovásfeliratos emlékei a Kr. u. 17. századig [The relics of the Carpathian Basin with Rovas inscriptions up to the 17th century]. Ed. István Erdélyi. Budapest: Masszi Kiadó. ISBN 978-963-9851-28-3
- ↑ Erdélyi, István (1958b): Новая руническая надпись из Венгрии [New runic inscriptions from Hungary]. In: Эпиграпхика Востока [Epigraphyka Vostoka], pp. 55-56
- ↑ Garam, Éva (1976): Adatok a későavarkor és az avar fejedelmi sírok régészeti és történeti kérdéseihez. In: Folia Archeologica XXVII. évf. (~), 1976, pp. 143-144
- ↑ Erdélyi, István (1961): Új magyarországi rovásfelirat [New runic inscription of Hungary]. In: Archeológiai Értesítő [Acheological Communications], pp. 279-280