Amino Acids
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Amino acids are a group of 21 different molecules which, when bonded in sequence, make up proteins. They consist of an amine and a carboxylic acid group (hence the name amino acid), bonded to an organic side chain.
A table of amino acid name, abbreviation and properties is as follows:
| Amino Acid | 3-Letter | 1-Letter | Side chain polarity | Side chain acidity or basicity |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Alanine | Ala | A | nonpolar | neutral |
| Arginine | Arg | R | polar | strongly basic |
| Asparagine | Asn | N | polar | neutral |
| Aspartic acid | Asp | D | polar | acidic |
| Cysteine | Cys | C | polar | neutral |
| Glutamic acid | Glu | E | polar | acidic |
| Glutamine | Gln | Q | polar | neutral |
| Glycine | Gly | G | nonpolar | neutral |
| Histidine | His | H | polar | weakly basic |
| Isoleucine | Ile | I | nonpolar | neutral |
| Leucine | Leu | L | nonpolar | neutral |
| Lysine | Lys | K | polar | basic |
| Methionine | Met | M | nonpolar | neutral |
| Phenylalanine | Phe | F | nonpolar | neutral |
| Proline | Pro | P | nonpolar | neutral |
| Serine | Ser | S | polar | neutral |
| Threonine | Thr | T | polar | neutral |
| Tryptophan | Trp | W | nonpolar | neutral |
| Tyrosine | Tyr | Y | polar | neutral |
| Valine | Val | V | nonpolar | neutral |